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Modified automotive organic friction materials through infiltration of liquid carbon precursors
Kuo‑Jung Lee,Ting‑Yu Wu,Hsun‑Yu Lin,Huy‑Zu Cheng,Chih‑Feng Wang 한국탄소학회 2019 Carbon Letters Vol.29 No.4
This research combines the liquid carbon precursor infiltration process for carbon/carbon composites with the fabrication procedure for organic, carbon-matrix friction materials in automotive. In the densification process, different liquid carbon precursors and numbers of densification cycle are adopted to investigate the influence on physical and mechanical properties, microstructure and tribological behavior. Experimental results indicate that the infiltration of liquid carbon precursors could improve the physical, mechanical properties and tribological performances of organic friction materials. The open porosity decreases with the number of densification cycle. Both bulk density and hardness increase with the number of densification cycle. The resin-based specimens show higher hardness and lower open porosity than those of the pitch-based specimens after each densification cycle. The tribological measurement of specimens with different carbon precursors shows that the pitch-based specimen shows lower and more stable friction coefficients and exhibits lower weight losses in comparison with other carbon precursors. Morphological observations show that a large area of smooth lubricative film was easily presented on the worn surfaces of the pitch-based specimens, whereas it was seldom observed on the worn surfaces of the preform specimen and resin-based specimens.
Kuo-Jung Chang,Yu-Jung Chen,Jing-Yi Chung,Chen-Cheng Lin,Yia-Ping Liu 대한신경정신의학회 2018 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.15 No.11
Objective Post weanling isolation-reared (IR) rats are featured with depressive phenotype, yet its mechanism is not clearly defined particularly in terms of the involvement of central 5-HT1A receptors. The present study aims to examine the effects of 5HT1A activation on forced swim test (FST) in IR rats following 5-HT depletion. Methods Social control (SOC) and IR rats received an intracerebraoventricular (ICV) injection of 5-HT depletion agent, 5,7-DHT. 14 days after the surgery, rats were assessed their performance in FST with or without the challenge with a 5-HT1A agonist, 8-OH-DPAT. Rats were then sacrificed for analyzing their 5-HT tissue levels and the expressions of their 5-HA1A receptors in prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus (HPX), and amygdala (AMY). Results 5,7-DHT decreased the tissue concentration of 5-HT in both IR and SOC rats. IR rats were more immobile and less sensitive to the lesion-induced immobility, however this effect was reversed by acute challenge of 8-OH-DPAT. 5,7-DHT lesion increased the expression of PFC 5-HT1A receptors. Conclusion The integrity of central 5-HT system is developmentally crucial for the 5-HT1A-relevant depression profile in rats of social isolation.
Individual and common inhibitors of coronavirus and picornavirus main proteases
Kuo, Chih-Jung,Liu, Hun-Ge,Lo, Yueh-Kuei,Seong, Churl-Min,Lee, Kee-In,Jung, Young-Sik,Liang, Po-Huang Elsevier 2009 FEBS letters Vol.583 No.3
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Picornaviruses (PV) and coronaviruses (CoV) are positive-stranded RNA viruses which infect millions of people worldwide each year, resulting in a wide range of clinical outcomes. As reported in this study, using high throughput screening against ∼6800 small molecules, we have identified several novel inhibitors of SARS-CoV 3CL<SUP>pro</SUP> with IC<SUB>50</SUB> of low μM. Interestingly, one of them equally inhibited both 3C<SUP>pro</SUP> and 3CL<SUP>pro</SUP> from PV and CoV, respectively. Using computer modeling, the structural features of these compounds as individual and common protease inhibitors were elucidated to enhance our knowledge for developing anti-viral agents against PV and CoV.</P>
Kuo-Jung Chang,Yu-Jung Chen,Jing-Yi Chung,Chen-Cheng Lin,Yia-Ping Liu 대한신경정신의학회 2018 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.15 No.10
Objective: Post weanling isolation-reared (IR) rats are featured with depressive phenotype, yet its mechanism is not clearly defined particularly in terms of the involvement of central 5-HT1A receptors. The present study aims to examine the effects of 5HT1A activation on forced swim test (FST) in IR rats following 5-HT depletion. Methods: Social control (SOC) and IR rats received an intracerebraoventricular (ICV) injection of 5-HT depletion agent, 5,7-DHT. 14days after the surgery, rats were assessed their performance in FST with or without the challenge with a 5-HT1A agonist, 8-OH-DPAT. Rats were then sacrificed for analyzing their 5-HT tissue levels and the expressions of their 5-HA1A receptors in prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus (HPX), and amygdala (AMY). Results: 5,7-DHT decreased the tissue concentration of 5-HT in both IR and SOC rats. IR rats were more immobile and less sensitive to the lesion-induced immobility, however this effect was reversed by acute challenge of 8-OH-DPAT. 5,7-DHT lesion increased the expression of PFC 5-HT1A receptors. Conclusion: The integrity of central 5-HT system is developmentally crucial for the 5-HT1A-relevant depression profile in rats of social isolation.
Contextualized Existential Constructions in Mandarin Chinese
Pei-Jung Kuo 서울대학교 언어교육원 2022 語學硏究 Vol.58 No.3
This paper proposes that in addition to the typical “out-of-the-blue” existential construction, a kind of contextualized existential construction exists in Mandarin Chinese. This form does not exhibit the predicate restriction observed in typical existential constructions cross-linguistically. It is argued that this type of existential construction involves a topic-comment structure and functions as a subtype of the Existential Coda Construction discussed by Zhang (2007, 2008). The current analysis also explains the apparent lack of a definiteness restriction for specific Mandarin Chinese existential constructions.
On Causative Projections in Mandarin Chinese
Pei-Jung Kuo 서울대학교 언어교육원 2023 語學硏究 Vol.59 No.2
In this study, I examine causative projections in the resultative construction in Mandarin Chinese. In comparing Tsais (2015b) analysis of Chinese resultatives to that of Bi and Pan (2018), I argue that several pieces of evidence favor Bi and Pans proposal, which situates the causative projection around the vP periphery. I suggest, however, that their structure could be further refined and propose a fine-grained structure that not only explains the behavior of the relevant resultative and causative constructions in Chinese but also accords with causative distributions cross-linguistically.
The Contextualized Existential Construction in Mandarin Chinese
Pei-Jung Kuo 서울대학교 언어교육원 2022 語學硏究 Vol.58 No.3
This paper proposes that in addition to the typical “out-of-the-blue” existential construction, a kind of contextualized existential construction exists in Mandarin Chinese. This form does not exhibit the predicate restriction observed in typical existential constructions cross-linguistically. It is argued that this type of existential construction involves a topic-comment structure and functions as a subtype of the Existential Coda Construction discussed by Zhang (2007, 2008). The current analysis also explains the apparent lack of a definiteness restriction for specific Mandarin Chinese existential constructions.
Role of Ferroxidases in Iron Uptake and Virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans
Jung, Won Hee,Hu, Guanggan,Kuo, Wayne,Kronstad, James W. American Society for Microbiology 2009 EUKARYOTIC CELL Vol.8 No.10
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>Iron acquisition is a critical aspect of the virulence of many pathogenic microbes, and iron limitation is an important defense mechanism for mammalian hosts. We are examining mechanisms of iron regulation and acquisition in the fungal pathogen <I>Cryptococcus neoformans</I>, and here, we characterize the roles of the ferroxidases Cfo1 and Cfo2. Cfo1 is required for the reductive iron uptake system that mediates the utilization of transferrin, an important iron source for <I>C. neoformans</I> during infection. The virulence of a <I>cfo1</I> mutant was attenuated in a mouse model of cryptococcosis, and the mutant also displayed increased sensitivities to the antifungal drugs fluconazole and amphotericin B. Wild-type levels of drug sensitivity were restored by the addition of exogenous heme, which suggested that reduced levels of intracellular iron may curtail heme levels and interfere with ergosterol biosynthesis. We constructed green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion proteins and found elevated expression of Cfo1-GFP upon iron limitation, as well as localization of the fusion to the plasma membrane. Trafficking to this location was disrupted by a defect in the catalytic subunit of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase. This result is consistent with findings from studies indicating an influence of the kinase on the expression of protein-trafficking functions in <I>C. neoformans</I>.</P>