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Bioremediation of imidacloprid using Azospirillium biofertilizer and Rhizobium biofertilizer
Kavita Kulkarni,Aishwarya Chawan,Anand Kulkarni,Sandip Gharat 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.10
Imidacloprid is a pesticide used for agricultural purposes. Residue of pesticide in water and soil will affect the water and soil quality. Seepage out of imidacloprid to the ecological system could affect aquatic life as well as human. The toxic pollutants would affect the quality of agriculture run off, in turn contaminating water bodies acting as sink for these runoffs. Hence, there is need for reparation of these pollutants. Azospirillium biofertilizer and Rhizobium biofertilizer were used as adsorbent for the removal of imidacloprid. These biofertilizers have capability to reduce the harmful component as well as be useful for plant growth. Azospirillium bacteria and Rhizobium bacteria are competent for the removal of organic pollutant from wastewater. These biofertilizers maintain biological activity without any adverse effect. The adsorptive removal of imidacloprid by using Azospirillium biofertilizer and Rhizobium biofertilizer was investigated at different conditions using batch experimentation. Optimization of parameters, such as dosage, time, temperature, pH, and agitation speed, was carried out. Equilibrium adsorption was illustrated by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The kinetic data was best described by intraparticle diffusion and pseudo-second-order model. Reusability study showed good removal efficiency of imidacloprid after fourth use also. The investigations show that these materials have potential to be an excellent alternative for removal of pesticides while supporting plant growth.
Mutation analysis and characterisation of F9 gene in haemophilia- B population of India
Sujayendra Kulkarni,Rajat Hegde,Smita Hegde,Suyamindra S. Kulkarni,Suresh Hanagvadi,Kusal K. Das,Sanjeev Kolagi,Pramod B. Gai,Rudragouda Bulagouda 대한혈액학회 2021 Blood Research Vol.56 No.4
Background Hemophilia B (HB) is an X-linked bleeding disorder resulting from coagulation factor IX defects. Over 3,000 pathogenic, HB-associated mutations in the F9 gene have been identified. We aimed to investigate the role of F9 variants in 150 HB patients using sequencing technology. Methods F9 gene sequences were amplified from peripheral blood-derived DNA and sequenced on an Applied Biosystems (ABI) 3500 Sanger sequencing platform. Functional and structural predictions of mutant FIX were analyzed. Results Among 150 HB patients, 102 (68%), 30 (20%), and 18 (12%) suffered from severe, moderate, and mild HB, respectively. Genetic analysis identified 16 mutations, including 3 novel mutations. Nine mutations (7 missense and 2 stop-gain) were found to be pathogenic. Only 3 mutations (c.127C>T, c.470G>A, and c.1070G>A) were associated with different severities. While 2 mutations were associated with mild HB cases (c.304C>T and c.580A>G), 2 (c.195G>A and c.1385A>G) and 3 mutations (c.223C>T, c.1187G>A, and c.1232G>A) resulted in moderate and severe disease, respectively. Additionally, 1 mutation each was associated with mild-moderate (c.*1110A>G) and mild-severe HB disease (c.197A>T), 4 mutations were associated with moderate-severe HB cases (c.314A>G, c.198A>T, c.676C>T, and c.1094C>A). FIX concentrations were lower in the mutated group (5.5±2.5% vs. 8.0±2.5%). Novel p.E66D and p.S365 mutations were predicted to be pathogenic based on changes in FIX structure and function. Conclusion Novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) largely contributed to the pathogenesis of HB. Our study strongly suggests that population-based genetic screening will be particularly helpful to identify risk prediction and carrier detection tools for Indian HB patients.
Application of Docking Methods: An Effective In Silico Tool for Drug Design
Kulkarni, Seema,Madhavan, Thirumurthy The Basic Science Institute Chosun University 2013 조선자연과학논문집 Vol.6 No.2
Using computational approaches we can dock small molecules into the structures of Macromolecular targets and then score their potential complementarity to binding sites is widely used in hit identification and lead optimization techniques. This review seeks to provide the application of docking in structure-based drug design (binding mode prediction, Lead Identification and Lead optimization), and also discussed how to manage errors in docking methodology in order to overcome certain limitations of docking and scoring algorithm.
The plastic optical fiber cantilever beam as a force sensor
Kulkarni, Atul,Na, Jeonggil,Kim, Youngjin,Kim, Taesung Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS Vol.51 No.4
<P>This study reports use of inexpensive intensity-based plastic optical fiber (POF) in the form of cantilever beam to monitor the force. The cantilever consists of POF surface bonded on the surface of metal beams viz. spring steel (SS) and mild steel (MS) and subjected to force. The performance of the force sensor is evaluated during macro-bending caused because of the deflection of the beam by applied force. Experimentally obtained detector output of POF, which could be measured with negligible hysteresis is compared with finite element analysis in the range between 0.0098 and 19.613 N. The reproducibility of the sensor is observed in the limit of ±1%. The proposed sensor can replace stain gauge load cell to certain extent in some applications. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1020–1023, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24217</P>
EXPERIMENTAL CHARACTERISATION OF VLSI INTERCONNECTS USED IN HIGH-SPEED MULTICHIP MODULES
Kulkarni,S. Y.,Murthy,K. V. V. 대한전자공학회 1995 ICVC : International Conference on VLSI and CAD Vol.4 No.1
The cross-talk voltage generated by on-chip and off chip circuitry is one of the major considerations in IC design and package for high-speed systems. These crosstalk effects increase as a result of shorter rise times, larger chip currents, greater die dimensions and smaller spacing between the circuit components on the chips and boards. As a consequence of this the system-performance is mainly governed by the performance of interconnection system-performance. Considerable amount of work has been done theoretically to characterize such interconnection performance. However, the experimental characterisation aspects of such high-speed interconnects has received very less attention. In this paper, an effort has been made to characterise such interconnects experimentally. The results obtained from such characterisation are used to validate the theoretical results.
Kulkarni, Kamlesh,Singh, Bhrigu Nath,Maiti, Dipak Kumar The Society for Aerospace System Engineering 2016 International Journal of Aerospace System Engineer Vol.3 No.1
Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are becoming very popular in various industries due to their effectiveness of the utilization of their constituent elements. However, the modelling of these materials is difficult due to the complex nature of variation of material properties across the thickness. Many shear deformation theories have been developed and employed for the analysis of such functionally graded plates (FGPs). A recently developed inverse hyperbolic shear deformation theory has been successfully employed by Grover et al. [1] for the analysis of laminated composites and sandwich plates. The objective of the study is to obtain finite element solution for the structural analysis of functionally graded plates using inverse hyperbolic shear deformation theory. Finite element analysis facilitates the analysis of complex problems such as functionally graded plates with different boundary conditions and different loadings.
“Spine Surgery Checklist”: A Step towards Perfection through Protocols
Kulkarni Arvind Gopalrao,Patel Jwalant Yogeshkumar,Asati Sanjeev,Mewara Navin 대한척추외과학회 2022 Asian Spine Journal Vol.16 No.1
Study Design: A retrospective study.Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel checklist that was designed specifically for the “spine-surgerysubspecialty” to reduce the incidence of some common preventable human errors and major perioperative complications in spine surgery.Overview of Literature: We propose a unique spine surgery-specific checklist that recognizes the risk factors, anticipates the possible human errors, and thus helps in preventing these errors. This checklist is associated with increased patient safety awareness, improved communication (keeps everyone updated regarding their responsibilities), reduction in the surgical claims, and reduction in the number of postoperative complications, including mortality.Methods: This retrospective pilot study was performed at single center on 858 spine surgery patients. The patients were divided into the following two groups: the study group (after implementation of the checklist [2016–2017]) and the control group (before the implementation of the checklist [2015–2016]). The incidence of common preventable human errors and major perioperative complications in spine surgeries were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results: The prevalence of wrong-level surgeries was 0%, and the overall prevalence of the preventable errors was 1.63% (7/428). The rate of adverse, near-miss, and no-harm events was 0.23% (1/428), 0.70% (3/428) and 0.70% (3/428), respectively. The preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative errors were 0.70% (3/428), 0.23% (1/428), and 0.70 (3/428), respectively. The reoperation rate related to preventable errors reduced after the checklist was used. There were significant differences in the total preventable errors related to complications, such as infections, prolonged hospital stays, and unplanned hospital readmission/revision surgeries (p=0.001)Conclusions: The authors propose the first-of-its kind spine surgery-specific checklist that is comprehensive and involves perioperative parameters. The checklist is easy to use, safe, and effective for reducing the unforgiving errors and perioperative complications. However, its broader implementation would require validation in large, multi-center, randomized control studies.