Achieving Margin Negative Resection - Doing Less Is Justified: Oncological Outcomes of Wedge Excision of Liver in Gall Bladder Cancer (GBC) Surgery

( Krunal Khobragade ),( Shraddha Patkar ),( Vijayraj Patil ),( Sagar Kurunkar ),( Mahesh Goel ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: The extent of liver resection for gall bladder cancer (GBC) is still debated. We evaluated the post-operative and oncological outcomes of patients who underwent liver wedge excision. Methods: Patients who underwent radical cholecystectomy (with a liver wedge excision of 2.5-3 centimetres) from June 2010 to December 2015 were retrospectively analysed. Results: 97 cases of primary GBC out of 558 patients undergoing surgery for GBC were selected. Majority of our patients had stage III disease (52 %). At a median follow up of 29 months, 65.9 % of patients were disease free where as 13.4% were alive with disease. 2.1 % died in postoperative period, 12.3% patients died of disease and 6.1% died of unrelated causes.9 patients had loco- regional recurrence and 16 failed at distant sites. Only one patient recurred in the gall bladder bed. 3-year overall survival of stage II was 85 % and of stage III was 60 %. Conclusions: Surgical outcomes of radical cholecystectomy with wedge resection of the liver at our centre, parallels published international literature. With low morbidity and mortality, it emphasizes oncological equivalence of liver wedge resection as compared to formal segment IVb/V excision, provided a margin negative resection is achieved.

Characteristics of Cholangiocarcinoma in India - Experience from a Tertiary Care Centre

( Krunal Khobragade ),( Shraddha Patkar ),( Mahesh Goel ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare disease in India with no major studies published till date due to paucity of epidemiological and surgical data. The aim was to evaluate the clinical profile of patients presenting with intrahepatic and peri-hilar cholangiocarcinoma to a tertiary care cancer centre. Methods: All patients diagnosed with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) and perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHCC) at Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, between January 2012 to July 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: A total of 726 patients were evaluated of which 273 patients had IHCC and 358 were diagnosed with PHCC. The median age of presentation for IHCC and PHCC were 57yrs and 56.7yrs. Majority of patients were males - 59% for IHCC and 56.7% for PHCC. Commonest symptoms were pain in abdomen and jaundice with average duration of symptoms being 8 weeks (IHCC) and 9.4 weeks (PHCC) respectively. Most patients with IHCC had metastatic disease (184, 67.9%) on presentation. For patients with PHCC, 50.8% (182) had localized disease, 17% (61) had locally advanced and 24.3% (87) were metastatic. Chemotherapy with palliative intent was offered to 144 patients with IHCC and 60 patients with PHCC. Surgery or chemoradiotherapy could be offered to only 59 patients with IHCC and 128 patients of PHCC. 56 patients with IHCC and 136 of PHCC patients did not take treatment due to socioeconomic reasons. Conclusions: With less than 15% patients receiving surgery, awareness and early referral with centralization is required to detect disease at a stage where treatment can offer a meaningful survival.

Lattice Boltzmann analysis of effect of heating location and Rayleigh number on natural convection in partially heated open ended cavity

Krunal Madhukar Gangawane,Ram Prakash Bharti,Surendra Kumar 한국화학공학회 2015 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.32 No.8

Natural convection characteristics of a partially heated open ended square cavity have been investigated numerically by using an in-house computational flow solver based on the passive scalar thermal lattice Boltzmann method (PS-TLBM) with D2Q9 (two-dimensional and nine-velocity link) lattice model. The partial part of left wall of the cavity is heated isothermally at either of the three different (bottom, middle and top) locations for the fixed heating length as half of characteristic length (H/2) while the right wall is open to the ambient conditions. The other parts of the cavity are thermally isolated. In particular, the influences of partial heating locations and Rayleigh number (103≤ Ra≤106) in the laminar zone on the local and global natural convection characteristics (such as streamline, vorticity and isotherm contours; centerline variations of velocity and temperature; and local and average Nusselt numbers) have been presented and discussed for the fixed value of the Prandtl number (Pr=0.71). The streamline patterns show qualitatively similar nature for all the three heating cases and Rayleigh numbers, except the change in the recirculation zone which is found to be largest for middle heating case. Isotherm patterns are shifted towards a partially heated wall on increasing Rayleigh number and/or shifting of heating location from bottom to top. Both the local and average Nusselt numbers, as anticipated, shown proportional increase with Rayleigh number. The cavity with middle heating location shown higher heat transfer rate than that for the top and bottom heating cases. Finally, the functional dependence of the average Nusselt number on flow governing parameters is also presented as a closure relationship for the best possible utilization in engineering practices and design.

Effect of Initial Melting Temperature on Crystallization of Polypropylene/Organoclay Nanocomposites

Petr Svoboda,Krunal Trivedi,Dagmar Svobodova,Pavel Mokrejs,Karel Kolomaznik 한국고분자학회 2012 Macromolecular Research Vol.20 No.7

Polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites were prepared by melt intercalation using an intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder. The influence of organoclay (Cloisite 20A) and maleic anhydride modified polypropylene (PPMA)on various properties was explored. The effect of the initial melting temperature on crystallization kinetics was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and optical microscopy. DSC has revealed a gradual decrease in crystallization kinetics with an increase in initial melting temperature for two-component systems (PP/PP-MA and PP/20A). However, in the case of a three-component system (PP/PP-MA/20A), the decrease of crystallization kinetics in the range of initial melting temperature being 200-240 oC was followed by an increase in the temperature range 240-260 oC. After initial melting at 250 oC, many spherulites were discovered in the three-component system. This unusual crystallization behavior was explained with the help of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),where an increase in the Si-O peak with the increasing initial melting temperature was detected, which indicates the presence of large surface of clay layers. The morphology of nanocomposites was also investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis has revealed a decrease in the peak intensity with an increase in initial melting temperature, which suggests exfoliation caused by fast diffusion at high temperatures.

SOME INTEGRAL TRANSFORMS INVOLVING EXTENDED GENERALIZED GAUSS HYPERGEOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

Choi, Junesang,Kachhia, Krunal B.,Prajapati, Jyotindra C.,Purohit, Sunil Dutt Korean Mathematical Society 2016 대한수학회논문집 Vol.31 No.4

Using the extended generalized integral transform given by Luo et al. [6], we introduce some new generalized integral transforms to investigate such their (potentially) useful properties as inversion formulas and Parseval-Goldstein type relations. Classical integral transforms including (for example) Laplace, Stieltjes, and Widder-Potential transforms are seen to follow as special cases of the newly-introduced integral transforms.

Omega 3 Fatty Acids and COVID-19: A Comprehensive Review

Donald Hathaway III,Pandav Krunal,Patel Madhusudan,Riva-Moscoso Adrian,Singh Bishnu Mohan,Patel Aayushi,Min Zar Chi,Singh-Makkar Sarabjot,Sana Muhammad Khawar,Sanchez-Dopazo Rafael,Desir Rockeven,Fahe 대한감염학회 2020 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.52 No.4

The rapid international spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has posed a global health emergency in 2020. It has affected over 52 million people and led to over 1.29 million deaths worldwide, as of November 13th, 2020. Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 present with symptoms ranging from none to severe and include fever, shortness of breath, dry cough, anosmia, and gastrointestinal abnormalities. Severe complications are largely due to overdrive of the host immune system leading to “cytokine storm”. This results in disseminated intravascular coagulation, acute respiratory distress syndrome, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and death. Due to its highly infectious nature and concerning mortality rate, every effort has been focused on prevention and creating new medications or repurposing old treatment options to ameliorate the suffering of COVID-19 patients including the immune dysregulation. Omega-3 fatty acids are known to be incorporated throughout the body into the bi-phospholipid layer of the cell membrane leading to the production of less pro-inflammatory mediators compared to other fatty acids that are more prevalent in the Western diet. In this article, the benefits of omega-3 fatty acids, especially eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, including their anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, and possible antiviral effects have been discussed.

Morphological optimization of process parameters of randomly oriented carbon/carbon composite

Raunija, Thakur Sudesh Kumar,Manwatkar, Sushant Krunal,Sharma, Sharad Chandra,Verma, Anil 한국탄소학회 2014 Carbon Letters Vol.15 No.1

A microstructure analysis is carried out to optimize the process parameters of a randomly oriented discrete length hybrid carbon fiberreinforced carbon matrix composite. The com-posite is fabricated by moulding of a slurry into a preform, followed by hot-pressing and carbonization. Heating rates of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1, and 3.3ºC/min and pressures of 5, 10, 15, and 20 MPa are applied during hot-pressing. Matrix precursor to reinforcement weight ra-tios of 70:30, 50:50, and 30:70 are also considered. A microstructure analysis of the carbon/carbon compacts is performed for each variant. Higher heating rates give bloated compacts whereas low heating rates give bloating-free, finemicrostructure compacts. The compacts fabricated at higher pressure have displayed side oozing of molten pitch and discrete length carbon fibers.The microstructure of the compacts fabricated at low pressure shows a lack of densification.The compacts with low matrix precursor to reinforcement weight ratios have insufficientbonding agent to bind the reinforcement whereas the higher matrix precursor to reinforcement weight ratio results in a plaster-like structure. Based on the microstructure analysis, a heating rate of 0.2ºC/min, pressure of 15 MPa, and a matrix precursor to rein-forcement ratio of 50:50 are found to be optimum w.r.t attaining bloating-free densificationand processing time.

SOME INTEGRAL TRANSFORMS AND FRACTIONAL INTEGRAL FORMULAS FOR THE EXTENDED HYPERGEOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

Agarwal, Praveen,Choi, Junesang,Kachhia, Krunal B.,Prajapati, Jyotindra C.,Zhou, Hui Korean Mathematical Society 2016 대한수학회논문집 Vol.31 No.3

Integral transforms and fractional integral formulas involving well-known special functions are interesting in themselves and play important roles in their diverse applications. A large number of integral transforms and fractional integral formulas have been established by many authors. In this paper, we aim at establishing some (presumably) new integral transforms and fractional integral formulas for the generalized hypergeometric type function which has recently been introduced by Luo et al. [9]. Some interesting special cases of our main results are also considered.