Influence of NaOH concentration on the decolorization of crystal violet dyed cotton fabric

Kristen Mardenborough,Maya Florentino,Robert Haxhari,Yu-Chung Lin,Miriam Rafailovich,Gary Halada,Hye Jung Jung,Taejin Kim 대한환경공학회 2023 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.28 No.2

Synthetic dye removal is a topic of increasing interest as textile recycling has become more popular in industries. While methods involving dye removal from wastewater effluent have been widely studied and reported on, research on decolorization of fabric itself remains quite unknown. In regard to the lack of research, this study presents cotton fabric samples dyed with crystal violet (CV) that were treated with varying concentrations of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Fabric decolorization was studied using several characterization methods. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy data showed that the cellulose structure remained unchanged after CV and NaOH treatment. Characteristic CV peaks in the FTIR and Raman spectra were apparent only in the control sample, while the spectra of NaOH-treated samples were very similar to that of the cotton fabric. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) data also confirmed that the crystallite size of cellulose was not affected by CV and NaOH treatment. A visible violet hue remained in all NaOH-treated samples, though CV intensity was inversely proportional to NaOH concentration. The L<SUP>*</SUP>a<SUP>*</SUP>b<SUP>*</SUP> values were utilized to complement characterization results. As the concentration of NaOH was increased, the CIELAB parameters aligned more with those of the plain untreated fabric.

Current status and changes in vocational training in Germany

Kristen Vollmer 한국장애인고용공단 고용개발원 2017 세미나·토론회 Vol.2017 No.9

Fire hazards in tunnels and underground installations

Kristen Opstad 한국암반공학회 2003 한국암반공학회 학술대회 및 세미나 자료집 Vol.- No.-

The Mass Budget of Merging Quasars

kristen menou 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.45 No.3

Two spectacular results emerging from recent studies of nearby dead quasars and distant active quasars are (i) the existence of tight relations between the masses of black holes (BHs) and the properties of their host galaxies (spheroid luminosity or velocity dispersion, galaxy mass), and (ii) a consistency between the local mass density in BHs and that expected by summing up the light received from distant active quasars. These results are partly shaped by successive galactic mergers and BH coalescences, because mergers redistribute the population of BHs in galaxies and BH binary coalescences reduce the mass density in BHs through losses to gravitational waves. Here, we isolate and quantify these eects by following the cosmological merger history of a population of massive BHs representing the quasar population between z = 3 and z = 0. Our results suggest that the relation between BH mass and host galaxy properties, and inferences on the global eciency of BH accretion during active quasar phases, could be in uenced by the cumulative eect of repeated mergers.

Conceptualizing a research framework to study systemic Lean transformation: A Critical Review

( Kristen Snyder ) 한국품질경영학회 2015 한국품질경영학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.2

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to gather evidence to inform a framework that can be used to study Lean transformation comprehensively from a systems perspective. Methodology This is a conceptual paper that uses a literature review to answer three main questions: 1) “What approaches have been used to examine Lean transformation in business and public sector organizations?” 2) Is there evidence of a focus on organizational culture in the measurement practices in lean transformation, and if so, how?, and 3) What can we learn from organizational cultural theorists about developing a more comprehensive framework to study Lean transformation Findings From a systems theoretical perspective we propose a comprehensive research framework to study Lean transformation. The framework combines elements from performance measurement systems, 4Ps, and the matrix concept and OCC cultural analytical methods

Beyond the clinical walls: registered dietitian nutritionists providing medical nutrition therapy in the home setting

Kristen Hicks-Roof,Jing Xu,Amanda K. Fults,Krista Yoder Latortue 한국영양학회 2021 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.15 No.6

BACKGROUD/OBJECTIVES: Registered dietitian nutritionists (RDN) are providers of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) to address health and chronic disease. Traditionally, RDNs have provided care in healthcare facilities including hospitals and private care facilities. The purpose of this study was to determine how RDN individualized MNT in the home impacted nutrition, physical activity, and food security. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This is a secondary data analysis. The mean age of the participants (n = 1,007) was 51.6 years old with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 34.1 kg/㎡. Individualized MNT visits were delivered by an RDN in the home setting from January to December 2019. Participants were referred by healthcare professionals or self-referred. Participants had MNT benefits covered by their health insurance plan (43.3% Medicaid; 39.8% private insurance; 7.9% Medicare, 9% other). Health outcomes related to nutrition care were measured. Outcomes included self-reported consumption of nutrition factors and physical activity. Our secondary outcome focused on food security. The changes in weight, BMI, physical activity, and nutrition factors were analyzed by a linear regression model or linear mixed model, adjusting for age, sex, baseline value, and number of appointments. Food security was summarized in a 2 by 2 contingency table. RESULTS: Baseline values had significantly negative impacts for all changes and number of appointments was significant in the changes for weight and BMI. Increases in physical activity were significant for both female and male participants, 10.4 and 12.6 minutes per day, respectively, while the changes in weight and BMI were not. Regarding dietary factors, the consumption total servings per day of vegetables (0.13) and water (3.35) significantly increased, while the consumption of total servings of whole grain (−0.27), fruit (−0.32), dairy (−0.80) and fish (−0.81) significantly decreased. About 24% (of overall population) and 45% (of Medicaid population) reported improvements in food security. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that home visits were a useful setting for MNT delivered by RDNs. There is a strong need for individualized counseling to meet the participants" needs and personal goals.

The Coach Education Internship Experience

Kristen D. Dieffenbach,Melissa Murray,Rebecca Zakrajsek 한국코칭능력개발원 2011 International Journal of Coaching Science Vol.5 No.1

Little is known about the nature of the academically structured student coach internship. This study provided a preliminary exploration of the internship experience in the university setting from the student coach perspective. Student coach internship experiences were found to vary widely both in terms of opportunities to coach and in the nature of the academic supervision received. While the majority of students felt their internships were a positive experience that prepared them for a career in coaching, a small percentage of participants reported that they had few opportunities to perform coaching actions, highlighting the lack of consistency in coaching education internship experiences. Recommendations for coaching educators and future researchers are explored.

“Breaking the Dam to Reunify our Country”

Kristen F. Sun(크리스틴 선) 고려대학교 한국사연구소 2015 International Journal of Korean History Vol.20 No.2

이 논문은 한국전쟁의 대체역사를 보여주는 세편의 현대 한국 영화, <2009 로스크 메모리즈 (이심영, 2002)>, <웰컴투 동막골 (박광현, 2005)>, <공동경비구역 JSA (박찬욱, 2000)>을 분석한다. 이 영화들은 역사의 다른 시대를 조명하고 있지만 필자는 그들이 남북한의 우호 및 협력을 조명하는 대신 한국전쟁의 지배적인 서술 (반공 대 공산주의라는 냉전적 논리)을 재서술하고 있다고 주장한다. 또한 각각의 영화들은 분단의 환경을 우회하기 위해 이질적인 “영웅” 집단 (통일된 한국인으로 구성된)을 등장하는 유사한 상황을 보여준다. 이 논문은 이러한 비슷한 주제의 영화들의 출현에 영향을 준 역사적 조건과 함께 한국전쟁 기억의 유산을 통해 생각을 확장하고, 각각의 영화가 보여준 다른 미래의 근본적인 가능성을 진지하게 다루기 위한 내용들을 분석한다 This article analyzes three contemporary South Korean films that (re)present alternate histories of the Korean War: 2009 Lost Memories (2009 Ros?t’?memorich?) (Lee Simyung (I Simy?ng), 2002), Welcome to Dongmakgol (Welk’?m t’u Tongmakkol) (Park Kwang-hyun (Pak Kwanghy?n,) 2005), and Joint Security Area (Park Chan-wook, 2000). Despite focusing on different eras of history, I argue that they rewrite dominant narratives of the Korean War (Cold War logics of anticommunism v. communism) and instead focus on North Korean-South Korean friendships/collaborations. Each film also presents similar situations in which a group of disparate “heroes” (made up of unified Koreans) band together to circumvent the circumstances of division. This article analyzes historical conditions that influence the emergence of these similarly-themed films as well as film content in order to further think through memorial legacies of the Korean War, as well as to take seriously the radical possibilities of a different future that each film presents.

Mindfulness based intervention with an attentional comparison group in at risk young adolescents: a pilot randomized controlled trial

Kristen E Rawlett,Erika Friedmann,Sue A. Thomas 한국한의학연구원 2019 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.8 No.2

Background: Risky behaviors are related to poor outcomes among young adolescents. This study piloted a mindfulness based intervention, Learning 2 Breath Mindfulness Curriculum, focusing on the feasibility of programming and intervention effects on coping, affect, and trait mindfulness among at-risk adolescents. Further, the mindfulness based intervention was compared to an attention intervention. Methods: Sixth-grade level female students in a boarding school for at-risk youth randomly allocated to either the mindfulness intervention (n = 12) or an attention intervention (n = 11) for six weeks. Outcomes (i.e., primary coping, positive affect, and trait mindfulness) were assessed before and after the interventions. Results: Intervention groups did not differ in demographics or outcomes at baseline. Twenty-two of 23 (95.7%) registered participants attended all of the sessions. Participants completed 86.4% of study tools. Separate repeated measures ANOVAs revealed no significant interactions among group and time for primary coping, positive affect, or mindfulness. However, positive affect did increase [F(1, 17) = 10.675, p = 0.005, partial η2 = 0.39] over time for both groups and there was a slight increase in trait mindfulness over time (although not statistically significant; p = 0.095, partial η2 = 0.155]). Primary coping did not change with time. Conclusion: The mindfulness intervention utilized in the present study exhibited feasibility in this population. Although preliminary, mindfulness based interventions may contribute to positive affect among at-risk youth in a boarding school. Limitations and future directions are discussed.

The Lipid-Lowering Effects of 4 Weeks of Daily Soymilk or Dairy Milk Ingestion in a Postmenopausal Female Population

Kristen M. Beavers,Monica C. Serra,Daniel P. Beavers,Geoffrey M. Hudson,Darryn S. Willoughby 한국식품영양과학회 2010 Journal of medicinal food Vol.13 No.3

Alterations in plasma cholesterol concentrations, especially increases in low-density lipoprotein (LDL), are well-known risk factors in the development of atherosclerosis. Numerous studies have examined the lipid-lowering effects of functional soy-containing foods, but few have specifically examined soymilk, with equivocal findings reported. In September 2008, a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial was conducted on 32 postmenopausal women at Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA. After a 2-week run-in period, subjects were randomly assigned to consume three servings of vanilla soy (n=16) or reduced-fat dairy (n=16) milk per day for 4 weeks. Plasma lipid profiles were obtained pre- and post-supplementation. Plasma high-density lipoprotein, LDL, and triglycerides were not significantly different between groups post-intervention (P=.45) or from baseline (P=.83). Separate analysis of plasma total cholesterol levels yielded similar results (P=.19 and P=.92, respectively). Furthermore, subanalyses controlling for dyslipidemia (n=23) and lipid-lowering medication usage (n=28) did not significantly alter results. Despite good dietary compliance, our study failed to show a significant hypocholesterolemic effect of soymilk consumption in this postmenopausal female population. Potential reasons for this nonsignificant finding are discussed, and future research directions are presented.