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Ko, H.L.,Jung, E.H.,Jung, D.H.,Kim, J.K.,Ku, S.K.,Kim, Y.W.,Kim, S.C.,Zhao, R.,Lee, C.W.,Cho, I.J. ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V.; AMSTERDAM 2016 JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS Vol.20 No.-
Paeonia japonica root has been widely used for its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects. This research investigated the effects of P.japonica root extract (PJE) on hepatotoxicity and the underlying molecular mechanisms. PJE blocked the arachidonic acid (AA)@?+@?iron-induced hepatotoxicity of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, PJE inhibited H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> production, and decreased GSH levels and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by AA@?+@?iron in HepG2 cells. The cytoprotective effects of PJE were found to be associated with AMPK-mediated inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK3β. More importantly, based on the histopathological observations, 300@?mg/kg PJE showed marked hepatoprotective effects against phenylhydrazine-induced peripheral hepatic damage and inhibited nitrotyrosine and 4-HNE immunoreactivity in hepatocytes. This finding provides evidence that PJE exerts beneficial hepatoprotective effects through activation of an anti-oxidative pathway. Thus, PJE would be a promising nutraceutical for the prevention and treatment of liver disorders.
Constance Schmelzer,Christine Kohl,Gerald Rimbach,Frank Döring 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.4
Monocytes are key players in inflammatory processes that are triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major outer membrane component of Gram-negative bacteria. The present study in human monocytic THP-1 cells was designed in order to identify LPS-inducible genes that are down-regulated by the reduced form of coenzyme Q_10 (ubiquinol, Q_10H_2). For this purpose, THP-1 cells were incubated with 10 μM Q_10H_2 for 24 hours. Subsequently, cells were stimulated for 4 hours with 1 μg/mL LPS, and the resulting gene expression levels were determined using microarrays. Fourteen LPS-inducible genes were identified to be significantly (P ≤ .05) down-regulated by Q_10H_2 pretreatment between a factor of 1.32 and 1.65. The strongest effect of Q_10H_2 incubation was found for the nuclear receptor coactivator 2 gene (NCOA2). Gene ontology terms revealed for the Q10H2-sensitive genes an involvement in, e.g., signal transduction processes (centaurin, delta 1; NCOA2; pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing 3; protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B [B56], γ isoform), transcriptional regulation (NCOA2; POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 1; ETS variant gene 3), and cell proliferation pathways (hypothetical protein FLJ36090, epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 15). In conclusion, we provide evidence in THP-1 cells that Q_10H_2 modulates LPS-induced gene expression.
Prehospital Levetiracetam Use in Adults With Status Epilepticus: Results of a Multicenter Registry
Lothar Burghaus,Marie Madlener,Felix Kohle,Emanuel F. Bruno,Volker Limmroth,Gereon R. Fink,Michael P. Malter 대한신경과학회 2023 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.19 No.4
Background and Purpose Status epilepticus (SE) is a neurological emergency due to prolonged seizure activity or multiple seizures without full recovery in between them. Prehospital SE management is crucial since its duration is correlated with higher morbidity and mortality rates. We examined the impact of different therapeutic strategies in the prehospital setting with a focus on levetiracetam. Methods We initiated the Project for SE in Cologne, a scientific association of all neurological departments of Cologne, the fourth-largest city in Germany with around 1,000,000 inhabitants. All patients with an SE diagnosis were evaluated over 2 years (from March 2019 to February 2021) to determine whether prehospital levetiracetam use had a significant effect on SE parameters. Results We identified 145 patients who received initial drug therapy in the prehospital setting by professional medical staff. Various benzodiazepine (BZD) derivatives were used as first-line treatments, which were mostly used in line with the recommended guidelines. Levetiracetam was regularly used (n=42) and mostly in combination with BZDs, but no significant additional effect was observed for intravenous levetiracetam. However, it appeared that the administered doses tended to be low. Conclusions Levetiracetam can be applied to adults with SE in prehospital settings with little effort. Nevertheless, the prehospital treatment regimen described here for the first time did not significantly improve the preclinical cessation rate of SE. Future therapy concepts should be based on this, and the effects of higher doses should in particular be reexamined.