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이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1
연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.
김진모,정철영,주대진,길대환,박종선,송민철 한국농업교육학회 2011 농업교육과 인적자원개발 Vol.43 No.4
급격하게 변화하는 환경에 대응할 수 있는 전문농업인을 체계적으로 육성해야하는 현 시점에서 농업인에게 실제적으로 요구되는 능력 및 역량을 표준화하고 농업인의 능력수준을 체계적으로 파악해야 할 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 농업생산 역량 진단도구 개발을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 문헌 고찰, 전문가 협의회, 전문가 자문, 설문조사 등의 방법을 활용하여 23개 품목별 농업인의 성장단계 및 성취기준을 설정하고, 농업생산 역량모델을 개발한 후 이를 토대로 역량 진단도구를 개발하였다. 농업생산 역량모델은 직무분석 접근방법을 기반으로 하여 직무과제 분석을 실시하였고, 그 결과에 따라 역량 및 행동지표를 개발하였다. 역량 진단도구는 자가진단 방식으로 현재수준을 측정하도록 하였으며, 전문가 패널을 통해 설정한 개발목표 및 중요도와 비교할 수 있도록 구성하였다. 이 연구를 통해 도출된 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 농업인의 성장단계를 초보자, 준전문가, 전문가의 3단계로 규정하였다. 둘째, 농업인의 성장단계별 성취기준을 품목별로 설정하였다. 셋째, 23개 품목별 직무과제 분석을 통해 농업생산 역량모델을 개발하였다. 넷째, 품목별 역량모델의 행동지표를 활용한 문항개발을 통해 농업생산 역량 진단도구를 개발하였다. There are increasing needs to systematically foster professional farmers who can cope with the rapidly changing environment. Therefore, it is important to set competency standards for farmers and to systematically measure levels of farmers competencies. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to develop an assessment tool for farmers agriculture production competency. Through a literature review, council meetings, experts consultation and survey, we set developmental stages and achievement standards of farmers for 23 farming products, developed an agricultural production competency model, and finally developed an agricultural production competency assessment tool. A competency model for agricultural production was developed using job and task analysis, and competency behavioral indicators were developed according to the job analysis result. A competency assessment tool was made to measure farmers’present state of competency level by a self-assessment method and was designed to be able to compare themselves with developmental objectives and level of importance set by the expert panel. The result of this study is as follows: 1) Developmental stages of farmers were determined as three levels: beginners, semi-professionals and professionals; 2) Achievement standards for each developmental stage of farmers were set; 3) Agriculture production competency model was developed using job and task analysis for 23 farming products; 4) Assessment tool for agriculture production competency was developed by developing questionnaire items with competency behavioral indicators.
고콜레스테롤 식이에 있어 제주산 해조 식이섬유 섭취에 따른 지질대사 및 항산화효소에 미치는 영향
김길남,전유진 제주대학교 해양과환경연구소 2004 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.28 No.2
본 연구는 고콜레스테롤 식이 군에 제주산 해조 식이섬유의 첨가 수준을 달리한 식이가 흰쥐의 지방대사에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 체중이 132.3±7.34 g인 Sparague-Dawley종 수컷 흰쥐에게 고콜레스테롤혈증을 유발시키기 위하여 콜레스테롤를 식이 사료의 0.5%가 되도록 첨가하고 제주산 해조 식이섬유 분말은 식이 사료의 각각 1.0% 및 2.5%가 되도록 첨가하여 총 3군으로 나누어 4주간 사육하였다. 체중 증가량과 식이효율은 식이에 의한 영향은 없었다. 혈중 중성지방, 총콜레스테롤, LDL-콜레스테롤은 고콜레스테롤 식이에 비해 제주산 해조 식이섬유를 첨가한 군이 크게 감소하였으며 유의적 차이를 나타냈다. HDL-콜레스테롤은 고콜레스테롤 식이 쥐에 비해 제주산 해조 식이섬유를 첨가한 군이 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 총 콜레스테롤 함량에 대한 HDL-를레스테롤 함량의 비는 제주산 해조 식이섬유를 첨가하였을 때 유의적인 차이를 보이며 증가하였다. GPT, GOT활성의 경우 GPT활성은 군간에 비슷한 경향을 보였으며, GOT활성은 제주산 해조 식이섬유를 첨가한 군이 유의적인 차이를 보이며 감소하였다. 항산화효소인 SOD 및 catalase 활성은 식이에 의한 영향은 없었다. 이상의 결과를 볼 때 제주산 해조 식이섬유의 체내 지방대사에 있어 총 콜레스테롤과 LDL-콜레스테롤, 중성지방 및 GOT 활성을 낮추고 HDL-콜레스테롤/총 콜레스테롤 비는 높이는 효과를 나타냈다. 따라서 제주산 해조 식이섬유는 생체내 항고클레스테롤 및 고콜레스테롤에 의한 스트레스로부터 간을 보호하는 것을 알 수 있었다. This study was conducted to investigate hypocholesterolemia effect of dietary fiber from seaweed in Jeju in rats supplemented with hish cholesterol diet. Seaweed dietary fiber was produced by water extraction of the mixed main red algae including Gracilaria verrucosa, Gelidium amansii, Gigartina tenella, Gloiopeltis furcata and Campylaephora hypnaeoides. Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats weighing 132.3±7.34 were divide into high cholesterol diet and high cholesterol diet plus seaweed dietary fiber 1.0% or 2.5% for 4 weeks. Dietary fiber supplement could significantly decreased serum total cholesterol (TC), triacylglyceride (TG), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and GOT than in high cholesterol diet. HDL-cholesterol level and HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio in the two groups of seaweed dietary fiber supplement significantly increased comparing to those in high cholesterol diet without dietary fiber. These results suggest that the seaweed dietary fiber may reduce elevated levels of serum cholesterol concentrations.
國立公園 觀光地에 대한 認知와 選好에 관한 分析的 硏究
尹吉鎭 건국대학교 1990 장안지리 Vol.5 No.3
The objective of this thesis is to analize the perceptions of and preferences for National Park as tourist area: Soraksan, Odaesan, Kyoungju, Hanuryo Water Way, Songnisan, Kyeryongsan, Togyusan, Naejansan, Jirisan, Hallasan. In order to pursue the objective of dissertation, the following research questions were considered : 1.What are some of the primary touristic characteristics of the regions as perceived by actual or potential visitors to those regions? 2.What are some of the major touristic characteristics sought by tourists who visits or plan to visit one or more of the ten National parks in the study? 3.What is the relative importance of these characteristics to them? 4.What is the relative preference for the ten National parks? 5.What is the relationship of the preference rankings of and the perception ratings of the National parks? 6.Do respondents can be grouped on the basis of their preference for, or the importance they attach to, different characteristics? 7.What time of the year are respondents most likely to travel to the National parks? Three approaches were used for identifying the important touristic characteristics of the tourist area: 1.Generation of attributes during the design and pretest stages of the questionnaire, for exemple by review of relevant tourism travel literature; direct questioning of some of respondents in the study prior to actual data collection; and use of Kelly's repertory grid method. 2.INDSCAL analysis of repondents' similarity judgements. The results of these two approaches indicated some of the main tourism characteristics (attributes) of the regions valued by tourists, and that made the regions attractive as vacation areas. These attributes are : 1.The landscape of historical and cultural of the tourist area. 2.Scenic beauty 3.The clean of the tourist area 4. Pleasant attitude of the tourist area people 5.Space and facility for rest and relexation. 6.Shopping and service facilities. 7.Facilities for sports and entertainmet. 8.Accomodations 9.Facilities of Transportation 10.Accessbility 11.Crowdness of tourist area. 12.Relative expensiveness of the tour 13.Well-known Thurston's law of comparative judgement, Case V in particular, was applied to respondents' ratings of the importance of the 13 attributes and to respondents' rankings of the regions in the study in terms of preference for a tourist area. Thurston's Case V showed that Soraksan, Hallasan, Jirisan, Hallyosudo were the most prefered national parks of the set used in the study, and Togyusan, Odaesan, Kyoungju and Kyeryongsan were the least preferred, and that the sample as a whole rated scenic beauty , Clean of tourist area, Space and facilities for rest and relexation as three most important attributes they seek from touring in one or more of the regions in the study. Application of the basic Fishbein-type model to preferences for the regions and the perceived amount of 13 salient attribites possessed by each region indicated that region preferences were weakly related to related to attributes offered by those regions. According to the results of multidimensional scaling, namely the INDSCAL analysis, for the similarity, the 4 national parks such as Soraksan, Odaesan, Jirisan, Togyusan made the similar group on two dimensional space and Naejansan, Kyeryongsan, Songnisan, Hanryo water way and Hallasan made a group in each. Seeing like this location differentiating the dimension, the case of Kyoungju may make the group with the Songnisan and Odaesan. The explanation of tourism attributes for dimension has low explanation power and the dimension is generally depend upon by the mountain landscape and non mountain landscape, and also by the landscape of historical and cultural, and by the regional location. According to the multidimensional scaling for the preference, The dimension is generally showed comparatively high explanation power according to the Scenic beauty and the landscape of historical · cultural. Seeing the arrangement on multidimensional space, the preference for Soraksan is nearly matchless and there appeared as Hallasan and Hanryo water way group and Kyougju, Odaesan, Songnisan and Kyeryongsan, Naejansan, Togyusan, Jirisan goup. According to the result of pattern classification along with the importance ratings of the tourism attributes, applying the multivariate analysis to valuation effect of importance degree for the 13 tourism attributes valuated by the respodents of 3 cities, each 3 cities induced the 3 homogeneitic groups. Seeing the peculiarity of these groups of 3 cities, it was generally classified as the group that attach the imtortance to Scenic beauty and the group that select the tourist area by the landscape of historicalㆍcultural, and the group that select the tourist area by the overall facilities of tourist area. The relationship between the perception of and preference for national parks by groups appealed not clear in the perception and preference structure. According to the result of research for the seasonal preference degree to the 10 national parks, the Kyoungju was prefered for the spring time, and the national park that has high preference from spring to summer was the Hanryo water way. The Odaesan, Togyusan and Kyeryongsan were prefered for mainly from summer to autumn,. The Naejansan, Songnisan and Jirisan were prefered for mainly autumn, and the Soraksan was prefered for the season from autumn to winter, and Hallasan was prefered for the season from winter to spring.
HeLa세포 허족의 액틴 미세섬유에 대한 면역 형광현미경적 연구
신길상,김호진,김완종 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.6 No.1
Actin cytoskeletons of HeLa cell-pseudopodia are observed in confocal laser scanning microscopic field after the treatment with monoclonal anti-actin and anti mouse IgG-FITC. The cytoskeletons are then compared with the control group stained with coomassie blue. The network of actin microfilaments in lamellae and meshwork in leading edge can be observed while stress fiber are observed on ventral surface of the cells which are intimately associated with substrate. The meshworks are fine microfilaments embedded in peripheral pale cytoplasm of the pseudopodium, the networks are composed of rather thick cross linked actin microfilaments in the lamellae in the middle cytoplasm. The thicker stress fibers are often adhered to the inside of ventral undulating cell membrane at the peripheral psuedopodium. These actin filaments are conserved especially in microwave field(microwave fixator KC600A). The features of the microfilaments and suggested functions are discussed.
구영진,이재우,이길홍 大韓神經精神醫學會 1991 신경정신의학 Vol.30 No.6
For the purpose of analyzing the recent trends of adolescent psychiatric researches in Korea, the author reviewed 136 domestic articles and compared them with 161 foreign articles published from 1962 to 1990. The results are as follows : 1) The number of domestic articles published doubled during each decade ; 14 articles in 1960's, 45 articles in 1970's, 77 articles in 1980's 2) Majority of the domestic articles are about delinquent adolescents(43.4%), developmental perspectives(15.4%) and clinical study(11.8%). Studies about suicide, treatment techniques and other disorders are rane. 3) On the distribution of the domestic articles into type of article, overview is 13.2%, case review is 7.4% and reseach, most of which were done by psychosocial approaches,is 79.4%. 4) Most of the domestic research articles claims etiological(47.2%) or epidemiological aspects(27.8%) as their aims. 5) Research methods are predominantly cross-sectional(65.7%) or retrospective(32.4%). There are very few prospective-longitudinal or experimental studies. 6) The study tools used in these articles are mainly questionnaires and chart review. 7) The samples studied in domestic articles are middle or high school students(48.2%), delinquent adolescents who are in correctional institution(28.7%) and patients(21.3%). The author suggests further studies be done on the developmental perspectives of normal adeolescents by longitudinal and experimental study, the treatment and outcome for adolescent patients. adolescent suicide and the other psychiatric disorders.
小兒의 齒周疾患 活動性과 oral-black-pigmented Bacteroides와의 相關關系에 關한 硏究
鄭鎬吉,金鎭泰 大韓小兒齒科學會 1985 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.12 No.1
For the study of the relationship between oral-black-pigmented Bacteroides and periodontal disease activity in children, 28 children of 8~12 ages were examined with 4 groups (S.B.I: 0, 1, 2, 3). The periodontal disease activity of each site was evaluated using S.B.I, G.C.F, and periodontal pocket depth. The proportion of coccid cells, motile rods, nonmotile rods and spirochetes was determined by dark-field microscopy. The subgingival plaque samples were plated onto blood agar plate and incubated in an anaerobic chamber. After 7 days of incubation, total number of colonies and the total number of black-pigmented colonies were enumerated. Pure culture colonies were identified by biochemical test. The experiment showed that. 1. As the S.B.I score increased, the G.C.F flow and the proportion of motile rods was increased significantly but the proportion of nonmotile rods and coccid cells was decreased. 2. When the S.B.I score was 1, the mean percentage of aerobic microflora was 72.6% and anaerobic microflora was 27.4%, the mean percentage of black pigmented Bacteroides among total subgingival microflora was 2.4% and other anaerobic microflora was 25.0%. 3. When the S.B.I score was 2, the mean percentage of aerobic microflora was 59.7% and anaerobic microflora was 40.3%, the mean percentage of black pigmented bacteroides among total subgingival microflora was 2.9% and other anaerobic microflora was 37.4%. 4. When the S.B.I score was 3, the mean percentage of aerobic microflora was 17.2% amd anaerobic microflora was 82.8%, the mean percentage of black pigmented Bacteroides among total subgingival microflora was 13.3% and other anaerobic microflora was 69.5%. 5. When the S.B.I score was o, the mean percentage of aerobic microflora was 79.5% amd anaerobic microflora was 20.5%, the mean percentage of black pigmented Bacteroides among total subgingival microflora was 1.1% and other anaerobic microflora was 19.4%. 6. As the S.B.I score increased, the proportion of aerobic microbic microflora was decreased but the proportion of anaerobic microflora and black pigmented Bacteroides was increased significantly.
판소리의 사설짜기에 대한 고찰 - 〈새타령〉을 중심으로 -
손길원,최진형 京畿專門大學 2000 京畿專門大學 論文集 Vol.- No.28
This study's main aim is the type of construction of Pansori-sasul. The Pansori is important genre in the many cultural discourses at 19th century. The Pansori has very flexible way to construct text with contemporary other genre. A horizontal movement of unit text is main theory of constructing Pansori-sasul. With this view point, this study will consider on <Saetaryung>. <Saetaryung> is a song of Jap-ga and piece of Pansori-sasul. So, study on <Saetaryung> will explain the theory of construction Pansori-sasul. This study will show construction theory of Pansori with a point of difference with Jap-ga and Pansori with focus on <Saetaryung>. The conclusion of this study will explain a type of discourses in 19th century of our classical genre of lyricism and narrative. And that will be able to show the theory of construction Pansori-Sasul, too.