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Differential Activation of T Cells by T - Cell Receptor Ligand Analogs
Kim, Kil Hyoun,Choi, Yun Hi,Suh, Yu Jin 생화학분자생물학회 2000 BMB Reports Vol.30 No.6
Although CD4 T cell responses to protein-derived antigen have well been understood, the epitopes recognized by hapten-specific CD4 T cells have not been fully defined. In this study, we characterized the response of a T cell hybridoma (5Di0.1B8) which is specific for a hapten. Nhydroxysuccinimidyl-4-azidobenzoate (HSAB) restricted by MHC class II I-A^d. Using three different antigen presenting cells (APCs) expressing I-A^d. the role of class II MHC proteins in haptenic antigen presentation and subsequent activation of 5D10.1B8 has been examined. Activation of 5D10.1B8 T cells by HSAB analogs was also performed. Our results show that each APC activated T cells differentially and that interleukin-2 (IL2) augmented antigen-presenting ability of all the APCs, suggesting that increased expression of class II MHC protein by IL-2 played an important role in HSAB presentation and T cell activation. Finally, early T cell receptor-dependent signals induced by HSAB or its analogs were examined by phosphotyrosine immunoblot analysis, and showed that tyrosine phosphorylation level of a 18-20 kD protein increased upon stimulation.
Neuraminidase Treatment Enhances Allogeneic Stimulation of Unprimed CD8+ T Cells
Kim, Kil Hyoun 생화학분자생물학회 2000 BMB Reports Vol.30 No.6
Many cell types are known to stimulate CD8^+ T cells in allogeneic recognition such as mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). Whereas dendritic cells are most potent among them. T cells are usually considered very poor in stimulating CD8^+ T cells although there are some tumor cells that are weakly stimulatory. T cells, as a stimulator. cultured in the presence of concanavalin A that were otherwise nonstimulatory to CD8^+ T cells appeared to stimulate CD8^+ T cells strongly when they were pretreated with neuraminidase. The enhancement of MLR by neuraminidase could be achieved by treating either the stimulators or responders with neuraminidase. Removal of negatively-charged sialic acid moieties from the cell surface, which reduced electrostatic repulsion between responders and stimulators to give better cell-cell contact might be responsible for the enhanced MLR. In addition. neuraminidase treatment also appeared to deliver activation signal to responding T cells since it could activate CD8^+ T cells in synergy with phorbol myristate acetate. The maximal responses were observed when both responders and stimulators were treated with neuraminidase.
Neuraminidase Treatment Enhances Allogeneic Stimulation of Unprimed $CD8^+$ T Cells
Kim, Kil-Hyoun Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 1997 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.30 No.6
Many cell types are known to stimulate $CD8^+$ T cells in allogeneic recognition such as mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). Whereas dendritic cells are most potent among them. T cells are usually considered very poor in stimulating $CD8^+$ T cells although there are some tumor cells that are weakly stimulatory. T cells, as a stimulator, cultured in the presence of concanavalin A that were otherwise nonstimulatory to $CD8^+$ T cells appeared to stimulate $CD8^+$ T cells strongly when they were pretreated with neuraminidase. The enhancement of MLR by neuraminidase could be achieved by treating either the stimulators or responders with neuraminidase. Removal of negatively-charged sialic acid moieties from the cell surface, which reduced electrostatic repulsion between responders and stimulators to give better cell-cell contact might be responsible for the enhanced MLR. In addition, neuraminidase treatment also appeared to deliver activation signal to responding T cells since it could activate $CD8^+$ T cells in synergy with phorbol myristate acetate. The maximal responses were observed when both responders and stimulators were treated with neuraminidase.
길호영,진상호,김현곤 대한마취과학회 1991 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.24 No.5
Two-hundred cases of brachial plexus block by parascalene technique for the surgery of upper extremity, shoulder and/or neck were evaluated for the period from November, 1989 to October, 1990 at the Department of Anesthesiology, Hallym University, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hosipital in Seoul, Korea. Local anesthetics we used in this technique were mixture of equal amount of 2% lidocaine and 0.5% bupivacaine with 1: 200,000 epinephrine. Total amount of local anesthetics injected were varies from 20 to 40 ml for each block. The results were as follows: 1) Of the 200 Patietns, 153(76,5%) were male and 47(23.5%) were female. Their ages ranged from 5 to 83 years. One hundred twenty-one or 60.5% of this total group's ages fell between 20 to 39 years. 2) The most common site of operation was the hand; ll6 cases of the 200 blocks(55.3%). 3) Paresthesia was most often elicited at the superior nerve trunk; 80 cases of the 200 blocks (40%). 4) The average depth of needle from the skin to eliciting the parethesia is 1.954 cm. 5) The onset of anesthesia was within 5 minutes in 166.cases(84,4%). 6) The duration of anesthesia ranged from 180 to 1,800 minutes, and average was 657±113 minutes. 7) The extent of anesthesia by sensory dermatomes were average from cervical 2.3±1.0 to thoracic 2.90±5. 8) Shoulder surgery(e.g. clavicle fracture) and neck biopsy were performed successfully by this technique. 9) Parascalene approach to the brachial plexus has proven both safe and reliable. It provide satisfactory anesthesia of the upper extremity, shoulder and neck in 98.5%(197 cases) of the 200 patients. 10) Complications of parascalene brachial plexus block were 2 cases of Horners syndrom, 1 cases of recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis and 2 cases of subclavian artery puncture. We presumed that the complications other than Horners syndrome were due to technical error.
네트워크 장치를 이용하여 디스크 기반 백업을 지원하는 백업 소프트웨어
최길성 ( Kil Seong Choi ),윤종현 ( Jong Hyoun Yun ),복경수 ( Kyoung Soo Bok ),유재수 ( Jae Soo Yoo ) 한국정보처리학회 2004 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.11 No.2
최근 데이터 통신 기술 및 저장 매체의 발전과 더불어 대용량의 데이터를 가공 처리하기 위한 많은 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 이와 함께 NAS와 SAN 등의 보급으로 저장 매체의 대용량화가 가속화되면서 대용량의 데이터를 효과적으로 백업하기 위한 요구들이 증가되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 네트워크 기반의 백업을 위해 제안된 개방형 표준 프로토콜인 NDMP를 이용하여 디스크 기반을 지원하는 백업 소프트웨어를 설계하고 구현한다. 제안하는 백업 소프트웨어는 네트워크에 연결된 다수의 장치들을 관리하고 NDMP 프로토콜을 확장하여 디스크 백업을 지원할 수 있도록 한다.
Kim, Kil Hyun,Lim, Seungmo,Kang, Yang Jae,Yoon, Min Young,Nam, Moon,Jun, Tae Hwan,Seo, Min-Jung,Baek, Seong-Bum,Lee, Jeom-Ho,Moon, Jung-Kyung,Lee, Suk-Ha,Lee, Su-Heon,Lim, Hyoun-Sub,Moon, Jae Sun,Park The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2016 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.32 No.2
Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is an effective tool for the study of soybean gene function. Successful VIGS depends on the interaction between virus spread and plant growth, which can be influenced by environmental conditions. Recently, we developed a new VIGS system derived from the Soybean yellow common mosaic virus (SYCMV). Here, we investigated several environmental and developmental factors to improve the efficiency of a SYCMV-based VIGS system to optimize the functional analysis of the soybean. Following SYCMV: Glycine max-phytoene desaturase (GmPDS) infiltration, we investigated the effect of photoperiod, inoculation time, concentration of Agrobacterium inoculm, and growth temperature on VIGS efficiency. In addition, the relative expression of GmPDS between non-silenced and silenced plants was measured by qRT-PCR. We found that gene silencing efficiency was highest at a photoperiod of 16/8 h (light/dark) at a growth temperature of approximately $27^{\circ}C$ following syringe infiltration to unrolled unifoliolate leaves in cotyledon stage with a final SYCMV:GmPDS optimal density $(OD)_{600}$ of 2.0. Using this optimized protocol, we achieved high efficiency of GmPDS-silencing in various soybean germplasms including cultivated and wild soybeans. We also confirmed that VIGS occurred in the entire plant, including the root, stem, leaves, and flowers, and could transmit GmPDS to other soybean germplasms via mechanical inoculation. This optimized protocol using a SYCMV-based VIGS system in the soybean should provide a fast and effective method to elucidate gene functions and for use in large-scale screening experiments.
송길목(Kil-Mok Shong),한운기(Woon-Ki Han),최명일(Myeong-Il Choi),문현욱(Hyoun-Ook Moon),최충석(Chung-Seog Choi) 한국조명·전기설비학회 2006 한국조명·전기설비학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.11월
The objective of this investigation was to reveal the cause of the faulted cable. For the analysis, various types or equipments such as external pattern, thermal pattern, surface structure, thermal analysis, and property distribution were deployed. The international standards and the specification provided by the manufacturer of faulted cable were examined to see if it met the standards. The following is the summary of the findings. (1) Discovered as a factor lowering insulation performance of the faulted cable: minimum thickness of the insulation layer specified by IEC 60502-1 and IEC 60811-1-1 was not met. (2) Infrared absorption peaks measured by FT-IR spectrometer revealed that the measurements made for the same material did not match and it is an important basis for proving heterogeneous composition of the insulation material. (3) It was found that PVC bedding was thermally fragile and therefore long term exposure at the site could cause similar fault pattern.