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Response of Millet and Sorghum to Water Stress in Converted Poorly Drained Paddy Soil
Ki-Yuol Jung,Eul-Soo Yun,Chang-Young Park,Jae-Bok Hwang,Young-Dae Choi,In-Seok Oh 한국토양비료학회 2013 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.46 No.6
Millet and sorghum are major dryland cereal crops, however their growth and productivity is limited by soil water stress with varying intensity. The major objective of this study was to evaluate water stress of millet and sorghum yield under drainage classes of poorly drained soil and to test the effect of the installed pipe drainage in poorly drained paddy soil to minimize crop stress. The research was carried out in poorly drained paddy fields located at alluvial slopping area resulting in non-uniform water content distribution by the inflow of ground water from the upper part of the field. Stress Day Index (SDI) was determined from a stress day factor (SD) and a crop susceptibility factor (CS). SD is a degree of measurement by calculating the daily sum of excess water in the profile above 30cm soil depth (SEW30). CS depends on a given excess water on crop stage. The results showed that sum of excess water day (SWD30) used to represent the moisture stress index was lower on somewhat poorly drained soil compared with poorly drained soil on 117 days. CS values for sorghum were 57% on 3rd leaf stage, 44% on 5<SUP>th</SUP> leaf stage, 37% on panicle initiation, 23% on boot stage, and 16% on soft dough stage. For proso millet CS values were 84% on 3<SUP>rd</SUP> leaf stage, 70% on 5<SUP>th</SUP> leaf Stage, 65% on panicle initiation, 53% on boot stage, and 28% on soft dough stage. And for foxtail millet the values were 73% on 3<SUP>rd</SUP> leaf stage, 61% on 5<SUP>th</SUP> leaf stage, 50% on panicle initiation, 29% on boot stage, and 15% on soft dough stage. SDI of sorghum and millet was more susceptible to excess soil water during panicle initation stage more poorly drained soil than somewhat poorly drained soil. Grain yield was reduced especially in proso millet and Foxtail millet compared to Sorghum.
Ki-Yuol Jung,Young-Dae Choi,Hyen-Chung Chun,Sanghun Lee,Hang-Won Kang 한국토양비료학회 2016 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.49 No.2
The interspecific estimation for tolerance capacities of upland crop species to excessive soil water stress in paddy field is significant in agricultural practices. Most of upland crops can be damaged by either excessive soil water or capillary rise of the water table during rainy season in paddy fields. The major objective of this study was to evaluate water stress of upland crops under different drainage classes in converted paddy field. This experiment was carried out in poorly drained soil (PDS) and imperfectly drained soil (IDS) of alluvial sloping area located at Toero-ri, Bubuk-myeon, Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do. The soil was Gagog series, which was a member of the fine silty, mixed, nonacid, mesic family of Aeric Endoaquepts (Low Humic-Gley soils). Two drainage methods, namely under Open ditch drainage methods (ODM) and, Closed pipe drainage methods (PDM) were installed within 1-m position at the lower edge of the upper paddy fields. The results showed that sum of excess water days (SWD30), which was used to represent the moisture stress index, was 42 days (the lowest) in the PDM compared with 110 days in the ODM. Most of upland crops were more susceptible to excessive soil water during panicle initial stage on more PDS than on IDS. Yield of upland crops in the PDM was continuously increased by the rate of 15.1% on sorghum, 15.4% foxtail millet, 53.6% proso millet, 49.6% soybean and 47.9% adzuki bean as compared in the ODM. The capacity for tolerance by excessive soil water based on yield of each upland crop in the poorly drained sloping paddy fields was the order of sorghum, soybean, foxtail millet, proso millet and adzuki bean. Therefore, Sorghum is relatively tolerant to excessive soil water conditions and, may be grown successfully in converted paddy field.