Fault-Tolerant Event Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks using Evidence Theory

( Kezhong Liu ),( Tian Yang ),( Jie Ma ),( Zhiming Cheng ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.10

Event detection is one of the key issues in many wireless sensor network (WSN) applications. The uncertainties that are derived from the instability of sensor node, measurement noise and incomplete sampling would influence the performance of event detection to a large degree. Many of the present researches described the sensor readings with crisp values, which cannot adequately handle the uncertainties inhered in the imprecise sensor readings. In this paper, a fault-tolerant event detection algorithm is proposed based on Dempster-Shafer (D-S) theory (also called evidence theory). Instead of crisp values, all possible states of the event are represented by the Basic Probability Assignment (BPA) functions, with which the output of each sensor node are characterized as weighted evidences. The combination rule was subsequently applied on each sensor node to fuse the evidences gathered from the neighboring nodes to make the final decision on whether the event occurs. Simulation results show that even 20% nodes are faulty, the accuracy of the proposed algorithm is around 80% for event region detection. Moreover, 97% of the error readings have been corrected, and an improved detection capability at the boundary of the event region is gained by 75%. The proposed algorithm can enhance the detection accuracy of the event region even in high error-rate environment, which reflects good reliability and robustness. The proposed algorithm is also applicable to boundary detection as it performs well at the boundary of the event.

A Fine-grained Localization Scheme Using A Mobile Beacon Node for Wireless Sensor Networks

Liu, Kezhong,Xiong, Ji Korea Information Processing Society 2010 Journal of information processing systems Vol.6 No.2

In this paper, we present a fine-grained localization algorithm for wireless sensor networks using a mobile beacon node. The algorithm is based on distance measurement using RSSI. The beacon node is equipped with a GPS sender and RF (radio frequency) transmitter. Each stationary sensor node is equipped with a RF. The beacon node periodically broadcasts its location information, and stationary sensor nodes perceive their positions as beacon points. A sensor node's location is computed by measuring the distance to the beacon point using RSSI. Our proposed localization scheme is evaluated using OPNET 8.1 and compared with Ssu's and Yu's localization schemes. The results show that our localization scheme outperforms the other two schemes in terms of energy efficiency (overhead) and accuracy.

miR-34a Inhibitor May Effectively Protect against Sevoflurane-Induced Hippocampal Apoptosis through the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway by Targeting Wnt1

Xiaoling Zhao,Yue Sun,Yongbo Ding,Jun Zhang,Kezhong Li 연세대학교의과대학 2018 Yonsei medical journal Vol.59 No.10

Purpose: Research has shown that sevoflurane-induced toxicity causes neurodegeneration in the developing brain. miR-34a has been found to negatively regulate ketamine-induced hippocampal apoptosis and memory impairment. However, the role of miR-34a in sevoflurane-induced hippocampal neurodegeneration remains largely unclear. Materials and Methods: C57/BL6 mice (7-day-old) inhaled 2.3% sevoflurane for 2 h/day over 3 consecutive days. miR-34a expressionwas reduced through intracerebroventricular injection with miR-34a interference lentivirus vector (LV-anti-miR-34a) into mouse hippocampus after anesthesia on the first day of exposure. Hippocampal apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay and flow cytometry analysis. Spatial memory ability was evaluated by the Morris water maze test. The interaction between miR-34a and Wnt1 was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation, Western blot, and immunofluorescence staining. The effects of miR-34a on protein levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), bcl-2-like protein 4 (Bax), and Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins were evaluated using Western blot analysis. Results: Sevoflurane upregulated hippocampal miR-34a, and miR-34a inhibitor attenuated sevoflurane-induced hippocampal apoptosis and memory impairment. miR-34a negatively regulated Wnt1 expression by targeting miR-34a in hippocampal neurons. Moreover, forced expression of Wnt1 markedly undermined miR-34a-mediated enhancement of sevoflurane-induced apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, while Wnt1 silencing greatly restored anti-miR-34a-mediated repression of sevoflurane-inducedapoptosis of hippocampal neurons. Increased expression of miR-34a inhibited the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in hippocampalneurons exposed to sevoflurane, while anti-miR-34a exerted the opposite effects. Conclusion: miR-34a inhibitor may effectively protect against sevoflurane-induced hippocampal apoptosis via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by targeting Wnt1.

Research on the Internet of Things-based Auxiliary Infant Feeding System

Benzhen Guo,Jingjing Yang,Xiao Zhang,Yu Liu,Shangfu Hao,Kezhong Yang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.10 No.12

Nowadays young parents are found deficient in the skills to take care of their infants due to the quick pace of modern life and the heavy working stress. Actually it has become one of the problems that perplex young parents when they have no idea about the amount of milk given to the infants each time, unsure about the temperature of milk, often forgetting to feed the infants on schedule or even making the infants choke on milk during the feeding. In view of this, this paper utilizes the internet of things technology to implement an intelligent infant feeding system, which can provide real-time monitoring on the temperature of nursing bottle, checking if the bottle has tilted or seriously tilted in addition to memorizing the feeding times. The measured information and data will be uploaded to the background server after the access to the household internet of things gateway via zigbee. Then the parents can configure the working state of the nursing bottle and receive the warning message on their smart phones. With the design of the hardware, the structure and the software system of the intelligent nursing bottle, this paper takes the intelligent nursing bottle as a node device for the connection to the household internet of things and conducts the experimental verification. The verification result proves that this technology is feasible and able to guarantee a stable operation.

An Optimization Technique for Spatial Compound Joins Based on a Topological Relationship Query and Buffering Analysis in DSDBs with Partitioning Fragmentation

Xinyan Zhu,Chunhui Zhou,Wei Guo,Di Chen,Kezhong Liu 보안공학연구지원센터 2012 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.5 No.4

Efficient treatment of anthraquinone dye wastewater by adsorption using sunflower torus-like magnesium hydroxide microspheres

Demin Jiang,Fang Wang,Bo Lan,Dacai Wang,Kezhong Liang,Tingzhen Li,Dongfeng Zhao,Jianjun Chen,Junjie Lin,Wen Chan,Yuke Li 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.3

Novel sunflower torus-like magnesium hydroxide (MH) microsphere particles were prepared by a facile one-step, self-assembly method. The synthesized products and the mechanism of adsorption of samples of the anthraquinone dyes reactive blue 19 (RB19) and alizarin red S (ARS) were analyzed by different modern characterization techniques, such as X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The adsorptive potential of the as-prepared microspheres for the removal of RB19 and ARS in aqueous solution was evaluated. The effects of multiple condition parameters, including, adsorbent dosage, adsorption time, adsorption temperature, wastewater pH, rotating speed and sodium chloride concentration on the removal of the dyes from the wastewater were studied in detail. The effect of the structural and shape properties of the MH adsorbent on the dye adsorption performances was also studied. The results showed that sunflower torus-like MH was an effective adsorbent for dye removal. The removal rates of ARS and RB19 were 91.65% and 83.03%, respectively, under the optimized conditions. The maximum adsorption capacity of the microspheres was 349.85mg/g for ARS and 231.78mg/g for RB19 at 25 oC. The equilibrium adsorption experimental data of the microsphere adsorption conformed to the Freundlich isotherm for ARS and the Langmuir isotherm for RB19. The adsorption kinetics experimental studies showed that the pseudo-second-order and pseudo-first-order model perfectly fit for both ARS and RB19 microsphere adsorption. RB19 and ARS were absorbed on the sunflower torus-like MH surface via the formation of H-bonds. Thus, the sunflower torus-like MH microsphere particles are an effective purifying agent for the removal of the anthraquinone dyes ARS and RB19 from wastewater.