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Kawamura, Satoshi,Horie, Nobuyuki,Okahashi, Noriko,Higuchi, Hashihiro Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2019 Toxicological Research Vol.35 No.4
Many in vitro developmental toxicity assays have been proposed over several decades. Since the late 1980s, we have made intermittent attempts to introduce in vitro assays as screening tests for developmental toxicity of inhouse candidate products. Two cell-based assays which were developed two decades apart were intensively studied. One was an assay of inhibitory effects on mouse ascites tumor cell attachment to a concanavalin A-coated plastic sheet surface (MOT assay), which we studied in the early days of assay development. The other was an assay of inhibitory effects on the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cell to beating heart cells (EST assay), which we assessed more recently. We evaluated the suitability of the assays for screening in-house candidates. The concordance rates with in vivo developmental toxicity were at the 60% level. The EST assay classified chemicals that inhibited cell proliferation as embryo-toxic. Both assays had a significant false positive rate. The assays were generally considered unsuitable for screening the developmental toxicity of our candidate compounds. Recent test systems adopt advanced technologies. Despite such evolution of materials and methods, the concordance rates of the EST and MOT systems were similar. This may suggest that the fundamental predictivity of in vitro developmental toxicity assays has remained basically unchanged for decades. To improve their predictivity, in vitro developmental toxicity assays should be strictly based on elucidated pathogenetic mechanisms of developmental toxicity.
日本語學習のためのインタ―ネット活用術 -自律學習で語彙力を高めるには-
( Kawamura Yoshiko ) 한국일어교육학회 2012 일본어교육연구 Vol.0 No.23
日本語讀解學習支援システム『リ―ディング·チュウ太』(http://language.tiu.ac.jp/)は、1999年からWeb上での無償公開を開始した。『リ―ディング·チュウ太』には入力された文章に含まれる單語の辭書引きを自動で行う辭書引きツ―ルや舊日本語能力試驗の出題基準に準據して文中の單語や漢字の難易度を自動判定するレベル判定ツ―ルなどが搭載されている。公開以來、アクセス數はすでに150万件を超えている。現在では、1日平均1,500件以上の利用があり、世界の日本語學習者や敎育關係者が利用している。一方、世界各國の學習者から母語で書かれた日本語辭書がほしいという强い要望を受け、2003年にはチュウ太の辭書ツ―ル多言語化プロジェクトがスタ―トした。2004年からは、各言語版の編集チ―ムが、すでに完成した日日辭書をもとにそれぞれの言語版の日本語辭書の編集を開始している。辭書編集者は、Web上に置かれた編集システムを利用して、各言語版辭書の編集を行う。それぞれの言語で編集が完了した單語に關しては、逐次、多言語版Web辭書『チュウ太のWeb辭書』(http://chuta.jp/)として公開される仕組みになっている。本稿では、この『リ―ディング·チュウ太』と『チュウ太のWeb辭書』を利用した自律學習支援について紹介する。さらに、『リ―ディング·チュウ太』と『チュウ太のWeb辭書』に搭載されたレベル判定や辭書引きツ―ルを活用した敎材作成の事例として、外國人介護福祉士候補生のための敎材開發について報告するとともに、自律學習で語彙力を高めるためにはどのような指導が必要かに關する提言を行う。 This paper reports on the application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to Japanese language education. We have already developed a reading tutorial system called Reading Tutor, and a multi-lingual Japanese dictionary system called Reading Tutor``s Web Dictionary. These systems are available on line, and offer a learning environment on the Web for Japanese language learners. Using these systems, Japanese language teachers are also able to develop educational materials. In this paper, we introduce how to use the tutorial tools for Japanese language learning, and then how to develop educational materials. The materials reported on here are aimed specifically at foreign care works. This could be referred to as JSP, Japanese for Specific Purposes. Foreign care workers who come to Japan as part of EPA (economic partnership agreement) are tasked with successful completion of the national certificate examination within four years after they begin working at Japanese care facilities. Experts in the field point to the need for specifically designed study materials and effective methodology to learn. In order to meet this requirement, Reading Tutor``s Web Dictionary has incorporated multi-lingual mini-dictionaries containing lexical items specific to the care worker industry as part of this need. As the next step, we have built learning materials specifically for care workers studying for the national examination. This paper will explain the nature of the tools used to develop this material and the steps taken to develop appropriate materials. This explanation will be followed by suggestions for changes in teaching methodology to complement the use of Web based material. It is our sincere wish that both the materials and teaching methodology introduced here will positively affect Japanese language education in general, and more specifically, Japanese for specific purpose education.
Driving Performance Experimental Analysis of Series Chopper Based EV Power Train
Kawamura, Atsuo,Guidi, Giuseppe,Watanabe, Yuki,Tsuruta, Yukinori,Motoi, Naoki,Kim, Tae-Woong The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2012 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.12 No.6
In this paper, the series chopper based power train for electric vehicle is proposed for aiming the increase of one battery charge driving distance. Both the motor test bench based experiments and the chassis dynamo based experiments are tested and then analyzed for EV driving performance that the proposed power train with SAZZ chopper and Quasi-PAM control scheme is compared with or without the series chopper. It is confirmed through two kinds of experimental analyses that the series chopper power train for EV can be useful to extend the driving distance if the high efficiency and the low weight of chopper are satisfied.
Kawamura, Ken-ichi,Watanabe, Kensuke,Nigara, Yutaka,Kaimai, Atsushi,Kawada, Tatsuya,Mizusaki, Junichiro The Korean Ceramic Society 1998 The Korean journal of ceramics Vol.4 No.2
The total conductivity and oxygen permeation in (Ce1-xZrxO2)0.9(CaO)0.1 solid solutions were measure das a function of temperature and oxygen partial pressure. Empirically, σ at given x and T was expressed essentially by σ=σo2+σeo Po2-1/4, where σo2 and σeo are constant. Applying a standard defect model in which major defects are Cace", Cece' and Vo in ideal solution, we can assign σo2 as the oxide ion conductivity decreases while the electronic conductivity increases with the increase in Zr content. Using the oxide ion and electronic conductivities thus determined, the oxygen permeation flux was calculated for respective Po2 and T conditions at which the measurements were made. The calculated values were found to agree with the observed ones.
Kawamura, Atsuo,Kim, Tae-Woong The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2013 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.8 No.4
The proper equivalent circuit is newly presented for electro-magnetic resonance based wireless power transfer. Based on the proposed equivalent circuit of open-ended helical antennas, the parameter identification of helical antennas can be well derived for highly efficient wireless power transfer. The well-established equivalent circuit in high frequency ranges is developed for analyzing a resonance enhanced-electromagnetic coupling helical antennas and the unknown parameters for helical antennas are identified by experiments. The effectiveness based on the proposed equivalent circuit is verified through experiments.