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Cast Shadow Detection and Removal of Moving Objects from Video Based on HSV Color Space
Kaushik Kaushik,Deb, Animesh Kar,Ashraful Huq Suny 한국산학기술학회 2015 SmartCR Vol.5 No.1
In the process of segmentation and tracking of moving object, shadow area leads to false detection of object. Shadows are also reason for loss of background texture and false connectivity of independent blobs. Hence, we propose a simple method to detect a moving object’s cast shadow and remove the shadow region from video frames. Initially, we store all the background information in reference frame. The next incoming frames with object are compared with this frame. In order to extract the moving object, we used subtraction algorithm. We used homogeneity property by image division, color variation in RGB color space and statistics of intensity in V channel of HSV color space to detect the shadow region. Finally shadow removal is done based on the information from the reference frame. The most noticeable feature of our proposed method is that it can detect shadows both in indoor and outdoor scenarios and there is no harsh transition after removal of the shadow. Color information for both background subtraction and shadow detection to improve object segmentation is ensured in this paper. Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple to understand, can detect and remove shadow and extract the moving object properly.
Kaushik, Nagendra Kumar,Kaushik, Neha,Min, Booki,Choi, Ki Hong,Hong, Young June,Miller, Vandana,Fridman, Alexander,Choi, Eun Ha IOP 2016 Journal of Physics. D, Applied Physics Vol.49 No.8
<P>The present study aims at studying the anticancer role of cold plasma-activated immune cells. The direct anti-cancer activity of plasma-activated immune cells against human solid cancers has not been described so far. Hence, we assessed the effect of plasma-treated RAW264.7 macrophages on cancer cell growth after co-culture. In particular, flow cytometer analysis revealed that plasma did not induce any cell death in RAW264.7 macrophages. Interestingly, immunofluorescence and western blot analysis confirmed that TNF-<I>α</I> released from plasma-activated macrophages acts as a tumour cell death inducer. In support of these findings, activated macrophages down-regulated the cell growth in solid cancer cell lines and induced cell death <I>in vitro</I>. Together our findings suggest plasma-induced reactive species recruit cytotoxic macrophages to release TNF-<I>α</I>, which blocks cancer cell growth and can have the potential to contribute to reducing tumour growth <I>in vivo</I> in the near future.</P>
Biological and medical applications of plasma-activated media, water and solutions
Kaushik, Nagendra Kumar,Ghimire, Bhagirath,Li, Ying,Adhikari, Manish,Veerana, Mayura,Kaushik, Neha,Jha, Nayansi,Adhikari, Bhawana,Lee, Su-Jae,Masur, Kai,von Woedtke, Thomas,Weltmann, Klaus-Dieter,Choi De Gruyter 2019 Biological chemistry Vol.400 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma has been proposed as a new tool for various biological and medical applications. Plasma in close proximity to cell culture media or water creates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species containing solutions known as plasma-activated media (PAM) or plasma-activated water (PAW) - the latter even displays acidification. These plasma-treated solutions remain stable for several days with respect to the storage temperature. Recently, PAM and PAW have been widely studied for many biomedical applications. Here, we reviewed promising reports demonstrating plasma-liquid interaction chemistry and the application of PAM or PAW as an anti-cancer, anti-metastatic, antimicrobial, regenerative medicine for blood coagulation and even as a dental treatment agent. We also discuss the role of PAM on cancer initiation cells (spheroids or cancer stem cells), on the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), and when used for metastasis inhibition considering its anticancer effects. The roles of PAW in controlling plant disease, seed decontamination, seed germination and plant growth are also considered in this review. Finally, we emphasize the future prospects of PAM, PAW or plasma-activated solutions in biomedical applications with a discussion of the mechanisms and the stability and safety issues in relation to humans.</P>
Focusing on India’s Look East Policy: India–China relationship from 1947 to 2020
Kaushik Roy 한국외국어대학교 국제지역연구센터 2021 International Area Studies Review Vol.24 No.2
Before the onset of the industrial revolution, China and India were the two biggest powers in Eurasia. Their total population comprised almost half of the world’s population. And the GNP of premodern China was half of the combined GNP of the world. Before circa 1600 CE, most of the textiles and iron in the world were manufactured in these two countries. China and India suffered a temporary eclipse during the age of colonialism. However, with the rise of the economic and military power of China and India from the late 20th century, it seems that these two countries are bound to reclaim their traditional positions as big powers in the international system. However, there is a caveat. In the premodern era, the Himalayas prevented any intimate contact between the ‘dragon’ and the ‘elephant’. But, from the mid-20th century, advances in technology, economic competition and the annexation of Tibet by the People’s Republic of China (PRC) among other factors resulted in China and India coming into direct contact with each other. The result has been cooperation–competition–conflict. And this has had consequences not only for these two countries but for the whole world. The present article attempts to trace the troubled trajectory of India’s China policy from the late 1940s (when these two countries became independent) up to the present day.