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Kapil D. Jamwal,Rajesh K. Padhan,Atul Sharma,Manoj K. Sharma 대한소화기내시경학회 2023 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.56 No.1
Background/Aims: Gastric varices (GV) are present in 25% of cirrhotic patients with high rates of rebleeding and mortality. Data onendoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided treatment in severe liver disease (model for end stage liver disease sodium [MELD-Na] >18 andChild-Turcotte-Pugh [CTP] C with GV) are scarce. Thus, we performed a retrospective comparison of endoscopic glue injection withEUS-guided therapy in cirrhotic patients with large GV. Methods: A retrospective study was performed in the tertiary hospitals of India. A total of 80 patients were recruited. The inclusioncriteria were gastroesophageal varices type 2, isolated gastric varices type 1, bleeding within 6 weeks, size of GV >10 mm, and a MELDNa>18. Treatment outcomes and complications of endoscopic glue injection and EUS-guided GV therapy were compared. Results: In this study, the patients’ age, sex, liver disease severity (CTP, MELD-Na) and clinical parameters were comparable. The mediannumber of procedures, injected glue volume, complications, and GV obturation were better in the EUS group, respectively. Onsubgroup analysis of the EUS method (e.g., direct gastric fundus vs. paragastric collateral [PGC] coil placement), PGC coil placementshowed decreased coil requirement, less injected glue volume, decreased luminal coil extrusion, and increased successful GV obturation. Conclusions: EUS-guided treatment is more efficient and safer, and requires a smaller number of treatment sessions, as compared toendoscopic treatment in severe liver disease patients with large GV. Furthermore, PGC coil placement increases the complete obliterationof GV.
A Probabilistic-Based Reputation Computation Model for VANET
Kapil Sharma,Aditya shrivastava,Ranjeet Singh Tomar,Brijesh Kumar Chaurasia,Namkyun Baik 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.10 No.12
Reputation computation model facilitates vehicles to broadcast traffic information in a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) in order to improve road safety and efficiency. In this paper, a probabilistic-based reputation computation model for VANETs has been evaluated. The uncertainty of reputation is transformed into a probability distribution over possible reputed states that are hidden from observation but determined by a vehicle’s expected experience in VANET are addressed in this work. HMM is utilized to evaluate the level of reputation in VANET exhibiting dynamic behaviour. The proposed mechanism is probability distribution centric, though the later mechanism is docile to predict accurate trust value of messages. The time taken by the proposed scheme is significantly less and transmission over the shared wireless channel is in the order of milliseconds. Extensive results and simulation show that efficacy of the proposed model.
Road Traffic Control System in Cloud Computing : A Review
Kapil Kumar,Dr. Pankaj Deep Kaur 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.8 No.3
Road traffic on public roads around the world is a vital problem and is seemly a major pretend to conclusion makers. Urban region have a great stack of traffic jams. Many superimposed concepts of road traffic Gas lit, Wireless sensor networks have appeared in the past few years. The living methods for traffic management are not effective. At that place require for a hefty and scalable high-execution computing. Cloud computing is turning a good engineering to provide a potent and scalable computing at low cost. Therefore Sensor-Cloud is seemly popular in recent years. This paper attempts to review these concepts and discusses their ending alignment with other phase of networks like Sensor-cloud network. The key obstructions to the successful acceptance of Sensor-could have been distinguished and directions for the existing and finally the conclusion have been discussed.
( Kapil Gudala ),( Babita Ghai ),( Dipika Bansal ) 대한통증학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.30 No.3
Background: Pain with neuropathic characteristics is generally more severe and associated with a lower quality of life compared to nociceptive pain (NcP). Short form of the Douleur Neuropathique en 4 Questions (S-DN4) is one of the most used and reliable screening questionnaires and is reported to have good diagnostic properties. This study was aimed to cross-culturally validate the Hindi version of the S-DN4 in patients with various chronic pain conditions. Methods: The S-DN4 is already translated into the Hindi language by Mapi Research Trust. This study assessed the psychometric properties of the Hindi version of the S-DN4 including internal consistency and test-retest reliability after 3 days` post-baseline assessment. Diagnostic performance was also assessed. Results: One hundred sixty patients with chronic pain, 80 each in the neuropathic pain (NeP) present and NeP absent groups, were recruited. Patients with NeP present reported significantly higher S-DN4 scores in comparison to patients in the NeP absent group (mean (SD), 4.7 (1.7) vs. 1.8 (1.6), P < 0.01). The S-DN4 was found to have an AUC of 0.88 with adequate internal consistency (Cronbach`s α = 0.80) and a test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.92) with an optimal cut-off value of 3 (Youden`s index = 0.66, sensitivity and specificity of 88.7% and 77.5%). The diagnostic concordance rate between clinician diagnosis and the S-DN4 questionnaire was 83.1% (kappa = 0.66). Conclusions: Overall, the Hindi version of the S-DN4 has good internal consistency and test-retest reliability along with good diagnostic accuracy. (Korean J Pain 2017; 30: 197-206)
KAPIL CHOPRA,V. SAHNI,R. S. MISHRA 대한설비공학회 2014 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.22 No.1
In this paper, comparative thermodynamic analysis of system-1 (multiple evaporators and compressorswith individual expansion valves) and system-2 (multiple evaporators and compressorswith multiple expansion valves) has been presented which is based on energy and exergy principles. The comparison of systems-1 and -2 using ecofriendly R410A, R290, R1234YF, R502,R404A, R152A and R134A refrigerants was done in terms of COP (energetic effciency), exergeticeffciency and system defect. Numerical model has been developed for systems-1 and -2 for ¯ndingout irreversibility and it was observed that system-2 is better system in comparison with system-1for selected refrigerants. It was also found that R152a shows better performances than otherconsidered refrigerants for both systems.
( Kapil Gudala ),( Babita Ghai ),( Dipika Bansal ) 대한통증학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.30 No.1
Background: Recently symptoms-based screening questionnaires have gained attention for screening for a neuropathic pain component (NePC) in various chronic pain conditions. The present study assessed the usefulness of four commonly used NePC screening questionnaires including the Self-completed douleur neuropathique 4 (S-DN4), the ID Pain, the painDETECT questionnaire (PDQ), and the Self-completed Leeds Assessment of neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (S-LANSS) questionnaire in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) to assess the presence of NePC. Methods: This is a single-center cross-sectional study where patients with CLBP, with or without leg pain, were included. Participants were initially screened for NePC presence by a physician according to the regular practice, and later assessed using screening questionnaires. The diagnostic accuracy of these questionnaires was compared assuming the physician-made diagnosis as the gold standard. Results: A total of 215 patients with CLBP of which 164 (76.3%, 95% CI, 70.2-81.5) had a NePC were included. S-DN4, ID Pain, and PDQ have an area under the curve (AUC) > 0.8 indicating excellent discrimination. However, S-LANSS has an AUC of 0.69 (0.62-0.75), indicating low discrimination. S-DN4 has a significantly higher AUC as compared to ID Pain (d(AUC) = 0.063, P < 0.01) and S-LANSS (d(AUC) = 0.197, P < 0.01). But the AUC of S-DN4 does not significantly differ from that of PDQ (d(AUC) = 0.013, P = 0.62). Conclusions: S-DN4, ID Pain, and PDQ, but not S-LANSS, have good discriminant validity to screen for NePCs in patients with CLBP. Despite using all the tests, 20-30% of patients with an NePC were missed. Thus, these questionnaires can only be used as an initial clue in screening for NePCs, but do not replace clinical judgment. (Korean J Pain 2017; 30: 51-8)
Kapil Thakur,Ramacharya Gudi,Mahesh Vahalia,Shekhar Shitut,Shailesh Nadkarni 대한약침학회 2017 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.20 No.1
Objectives: The goal of this study was to characterize Suvarna Bhasma Parada Marit by using the Ayurvedic test parameters, physico-chemical tests, and various instrumentation techniques. Methods: Suvarna Bhasma, an Ayurvedic formulation manufactured as per Bharat Bhaishajya Ratnakar 5/8357 (BBR), has been studied using various instrumentation techniques: X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), laser particle size distribution (PSD) analysis, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), and physico-chemical parameters, such as the loss on drying (LOD), loss on ignition (LOI), and acid insoluble Ash (AIA) were determined. In addition, Ayurvedic tests, such as Rekhapurnatva (enterable in the furrows of the fingers), Varitaratwa (floatable over water), Nirdhoomta (smokeless), Dantagre Kach-Kach (gritty particle feeling between the teeth), were performed. Results: The XRD study showed Suvarna Bhasma to be crystalline in nature and to contain more than 98% gold. The mean size of the gold crystallites was less than 10 microns, and the morphology was globular and irregular. Suvarna Bhasma contains gold as its single and major element, with EDAX and FT-IR spectra showing that it is more than 98% pure gold. The moisture content (LOD) is less than 0.5%, the LOI is less than 2%, and the AIA is not less than 95%. The Ayurvedic tests, as specified above, helped to confirm the quality of Suvarna bhasma prepared as per the text reference (BBR). Conclusion: This chemical characterization of Suvarna Bhasma performed in this study by using modern instrumentation techniques will be helpful in understanding its pharmacological actions and will help in establishing quality protocols and specifications to substantiate the safety, efficacy & quality of Suvarna Bhasma.