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Steric effects of ions in the charge-related wetting phenomena.
Hua, C K,Kang, I S,Kang, K H,Stone, H A Published by the American Physical Society through 2010 Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and so Vol.81 No.3
<P>Steric effects of ions on the charge-related wetting phenomena are studied. Along with a general treatment, three specific problems in two-dimensional system are considered: a droplet on an electrode, a droplet on a charged surface, and an electrowetting phenomenon on a dielectric. For computation of wetting tension, the electromechanical approach is adopted with the principle of mechanical force balance for each phase. The modified Poisson-Boltzmann equation, which was originally proposed by Bikerman [Philos. Mag. 33, 384 (1942)], is adopted for the analysis of the steric effects. It is found that the steric hindrance reduces significantly both the osmotic pressure and the electrical stress near the triple contact line. This reduction results in a considerable decrease in the wetting tension when the ratio of the capacitance per unit area of the electrical double layer to that of the dielectric layer is small.</P>
다발성 글루카곤 생성 내분비세포종을 동반한 췌장 알파세포의 Nesidioblastosis 및 과다증식 1예
강화평 ( Hua Pyong Kang ),김세화 ( Se Wha Kim ),임태섭 ( Tae Seop Lim ),이혜원 ( Hye Won Lee ),최흔 ( Heun Choi ),강창무 ( Chang Moo Kang ),김호근 ( Ho Guen Kim ),방승민 ( Seung Min Bang ) 대한소화기학회 2014 대한소화기학회지 Vol.63 No.4
Nesidioblastosis is a term used to describe pathologic overgrowth of pancreatic islet cells. It also means maldistribution of islet cells within the ductules of exocrine pancreas. Generally, nesidioblastosis occurs in beta-cell and causes neonatal hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia or adult noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome. Alpha-cell nesidioblastosis and hyperplasia is an extremely rare disorder. It often accompanies glucagon-producing marco- and mircoadenoma without typical glucagonoma syndrome. A 35-year-old female was referred to our hospital with recurrent acute pancreatitis. On radiologic studies, 1.5 cm sized mass was noted in pancreas tail. Cytological evaluation with EUS-fine-needle aspiration suggested serous cystadenoma. She received distal pancreatectomy. The histologic examination revealed a 1.7 cm sized neuroendocrine tumor positive for immunohistochemical staining with glucagon antibody. Multiple glucagon-producing micro endocrine cell tumors were scattered next to the main tumor. Additionally, diffuse hyperplasia of pancreatic islets and ectopic proliferation of islet cells in centroacinar area, findings compatible to nesidioblastosis, were seen. These hyperplasia and almost all nesidioblastic cells were positive for glucagon immunochemistry. Even though serum glucagon level still remained higher than the reference value, she has been followed-up without any evidence of recurrence or hormone related symptoms. Herein, we report a case of alpha-cell nesidioblastosis and hyperplasia combined with glucagon-producing neuroendocrine tumor with literature review.
Probability Level Dependence of Failure Mechanisms in Sub-20 nm NAND Flash Memory
Duckseoung Kang,Kyunghwan Lee,Myounggon Kang,Seongjun Seo,Dong Hua Li,Yuchul Hwang,Hyungcheol Shin IEEE 2014 IEEE electron device letters Vol.35 No.3
<P>We extracted final ΔV<SUB>th</SUB>, time constant, and activation energy (E<SUB>a</SUB>) of each mechanism in retention characteristics of sub-20-nm NAND flash main-chip according to the probability level (P level) of V<SUB>th</SUB> cumulative probability distribution. As a result, we confirmed that at lower P level, the final ΔV<SUB>th</SUB> of each mechanism increases sensitively according to P/E cycling stress. Temperature dependence of the final ΔV<SUB>th</SUB> of each mechanism also increases with lowering P level, whereas trap-assisted tunneling (TAT) mechanism of corner area has complex characteristics on temperature. Interface trap recovery, TAT (plane), and TAT (corner) mechanism have larger E<SUB>a</SUB> at high P level, whereas the E<SUB>a</SUB> of detrapping mechanism decreases because of barrier lowering effect.</P>
Medical Tourism Industry in Kangwon Province and Its Economic Impacts on the Region
Yan Hua Zhu,Joo Hoon Kang,Yong-Sik Jung 한국산업정보학회 2014 한국산업정보학회논문지 Vol.19 No.3
This paper has two purposes. The first is to suggest the new and simple method to derive a regional input-output model from national input-output table published by the Bank of Korea. The interregional input-output table has not been devised in spite of its potential use while the national table has been made every five years with the revised version during each five years. Second, this paper aims to derive Kangwon interregional input-output model from the national model using the regional supply proportional of industry and to analyze the effect of medical tourism industry on the regional economy of Kangwon Province. The paper measures, in particular, the effect of medical tourism industry on the financial self-sufficiency of Kangwon Province using the estimated output elasticity of tax revenue with the autoregressive distributed lag scheme ADL(1,1) in which the dependent variable ad the single explanatory variable are each lagged once.<br/>
중국 장춘영화제 방문객의 방문동기와 만족도에 관한 연구
지옥화(Yu Hua Chi),박시사(Si Sa Park),강성일(Sung Il Kang),강경식(Kyeong Sik Kang) 한국관광연구학회 2009 관광연구저널 Vol.23 No.2
From 1990`s, with the China`s tourism industry development the local festival as the means of the tourism propaganda promoted local economic development. This study focused on the visitors who attended the Film Festival in Changchun, China. Through the investigation we use the frequency analysis to get the characteristics of the visitors, after the analysis of propriety and reliability on the visitors` motivation and satisfaction, using the regression analysis we measured the influence of the visitors` motivation on the satisfaction of the visitors. In this essay the visitors` motivation was described by 4 factors such as cultural experience, family tourism, daily outing, and festival attraction. On the other hand the visitors` satisfaction was described by 3 factors including the proceeding of the festival, mass participation and meaningful. Inferring from the data we draw a conclusion that the visitors` motivation except daily outing has influence on the satisfaction of the visitors. Based on the study we could find out the limitation and future direction of the essay.
Aspergillus niger 이용 미생물 발효차의 발효 중 미생물학적, 물리적 및 관능적 품질특성
강대진(Dae-Jin Kang),문예화(Yi-Hua Wen),최강현(Kang-Hyun Choi),오덕환(Deog-Hwan Oh),은종방(Jong-Bang Eun) 한국차학회 2009 한국차학회지 Vol.15 No.2
미생물 발효차 제조 시 녹차를 121oC에서 15분간 고압 멸균하여 A. niger를 접종하여 제조한 미생물 발효차와 단일균주를 처리하지 않고 자연 발효시킨 발효차의 색도변화량을 비교하였을 때 서로 비슷한 경향을 나타내었다. 관능검사에서 또한 단일 균주를 이용한 미생물 발효차의 관능적 특성이 단일 균주 처리하지 않은 미생물 발효차와 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 이를 통해 본 연구에서는 단일균주를 이용한 미생물 발효차의 제조 가능성을 확인 할 수 있었다. 그러나 A. niger를 이용한 미생물 발효차는 제품화가 가능하나 독성 및 영양적 가치 등에 대한 연구가 더 필요할 것이라고 생각된다. The microbiological, physical, and sensory characteristics of the microbial-fermented tea with A. niger (MFTAN) were investigated during fermentation at 30℃ and 80% RH for 35 days. During the fermentation period, the L* value of the MFTAN was decreased, but a* and b* values increased. Microorganisms from naturally fermented tea were screened and isolated. An isolated microorganism was identified as A. niger by rRNA sequence of analysis. In the sensory evaluation, the result suggested that the sensory properties were only of minor differentiation between MFTAN and control. In conclusion, MFTAN manufactured with Korean green tea would be a good candidate of a microbial-fermented tea and the physicochemical changes of the teas showed supportive evidence, to this fact, during fermentation. The other microorganisms should be considered as starters to make microbial-fermented tea in future studies.
Progressive Damage Analysis of Carbon Fabric-reinforced Polymer Composites under Three-point Bending
Kang-ning Han,Wei Zhou,Reng Qin,Sa Yang,Lian-Hua Ma 한국섬유공학회 2021 Fibers and polymers Vol.22 No.2
Damage evolution of carbon fabric-reinforced polymer composite with various off-axis angles during theprogressive bending tests was monitored by acoustic emission and Micro-CT. Meanwhile, the acoustic emission signals canbe post-processed by k-means clustering methods. The results indicate that the maximum load and stiffness of laminatesdecrease with the increase of off-axis angle. Three key points (linear growth point, maximum load point and fail point) areselected to research the progressive damage. The existence of the Kaiser effect is observed. With the increase of off-axisangle, the damage degree and the load shared by the elastic-plastic matrix increase. The bending of matrix can enhance thefracture toughness and restrain the damage. The complementary technology can provide a basis for health monitoring ofCFRP laminates.
Kang, Wenhua,Xiang, Hua 한국전산응용수학회 2006 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.22 No.1
In this paper, the authors investigate the condition number with their condition numbers for weighted Moore-Penrose inverse and weighted least squares solution of min /Ax - b/M, where A is a rank-deficient complex matrix in $C^{m{\times}n} $ and b a vector of length m in $C^m$, x a vector of length n in $C^n$. For the normwise condition number, the sensitivity of the relative condition number itself is studied, the componentwise perturbation is also investigated.