http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
지연성 수면위상증후군 청소년에서 기상 시 어려움과 주간 졸림에 대한 Dawn Simulation 효과 연구
강시현,유한익,정석훈,왕희령,안준호,윤인영,김창윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.6
Objectives : Delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS) is characterized by difficulties in falling asleep and waking up at a desired time. Dawn simulation is a technique using a light that gradually increases in intensity before awakening in the morning, to imitate a natural sunrise. It has been found to be effective in decreasing both morning drowsiness and difficulty in awakening as well as treating symptoms of seasonal affective disorder. The aim of this study was to determine whether dawn simulation is helpful in decreasing difficulty in morning awakening and daytime sleepiness in adolescents with DSPS. Methods : Twelve adolescents with DSPS participated in a 2-week dawn simulation trial. Each subject self-assessed level of difficulty in awakening, morning drowsiness and daytime sleepiness during a 2-week baseline period and a following 2-week trial period with dawn simulator. Subjects used Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS) for measuring morning drowsiness and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) for measuring daytime sleepiness. Difficulty in awakening was assessed by a single-item questionnaire. Results : Dawn simulation trial decreased morning drowsiness (p=0.016) and daytime sleepiness (p=O.013) significantly compared to baseline. It also seemed to improve difficulty in awakening, but the effect was not statistically significant (p=0.092). Conclusion : Dawn simulation may help waking up in the morning and may improve daytime functioning by deceasing both morning drowsiness and daytime sleepiness in adolescents with DSPS.
姜寅求 동국대학교 대학원 1985 大學院硏究論集-東國大學校 大學院 Vol.15 No.-
This study was carried out to give basic information about pertinent green space management in industrial area, Ulsan which has being airpolluted. Recent research on The interaction between plants and air pollution was briefly reviewed. Total and annual biomass yield, leaf surface area, net assimilation rate, total sulfur content in foliages and visible injury were examined between various plant species and between the two regions which are airpolluted severely and lightly, respectively. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The vegetations including trees and agronomic crops were sparsely distributed around the industrial area in Ulsan. Among them, Pinus thunbergii, Pinus densiflora, Pinus rigida Alnus hirsuta and Quercus acutissima were major tree species producing poor yield. 2. In lightly polluted areas (Seongan and Bukjeong), P. rigida, P. thunbergii, P. densiflora, Q. acutissima, A. hirsuta and Robinia pseudoacacia showed good biomass yield in descending order, while P. densiflora, R. pseudoacacia, P. rigida and P. thunbergii did less yield in severely polluted areas(Yaeaum and Yeochon) 3. A. hirsuta and R. pseundoacacia among deciduous trees produced large leaf areas whereas P. thunbergii, P. rigida and P. densiflora were the best among coniferous trees. 4. Net assimiltion rate of trees growing in Seongan and Bukjeong areas was higher than that in Yaeaum and Yeochon areas 5. Trees growing in Yaeaum and Yeochon areas showed higher total sulfur contents in leaves than those in Seongan and Bukjeong areas. 6. Studied biomass yields indicated larger in the less polluted areas of Seongan and Bukjeong where vegetations are richer than the more polluted areas. 7. Total anounts of dry matter biomass produced from Ulsan area were estimated to be 150,714.68 tons. Annual production of dry matter biomass amounts to be 35,804.62 tons. Estimated amount for O_2 produced annually from the vegetated area(11.179ha) in Ulsan was 37,959.9 tons while that for SO_2 was 45.07 tons. 8. Low annual yield of biomass in Ulsan, in generel, was due mainly to worse environmental conditions. Thus, a further study is urgently needed for better management of green space as well as pollution control in Ulasn area.
양·한방 협진 대학병원 간호사의 업무 스트레스와 직무만족도 비교연구
강승주,김인숙 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2006 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.31 No.3
Objective: This study is descriptive comparison investigation study to compare grasping western and Oriental Medicine nurse's job stress and job satisfaction degree which work in university hospital. Method: Study population was 177 nurses who worked in the 2 Internal and Oriental Medicine university hospital in Gwang-ju and 1 Western and Oriental Medicine university hospital situated in Chollabukdo and the data was collected from September 1 to September 20, 2004. SPSS program was used for statistical analysis and the data were ana- lysed by the use of freuency, Percentages, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation coefficients, and Scheffe's test. Resutt: The study findings were as follows: 1. Difference between subject person's two group of job stress degree, Internal Medicine nurses business stress whole grades is 3.24 points, and Oriental Medicine nurses business stress whole grades was 2.71 points. 2. There was difference that business stress degree by subject person's general special quality keeps in mind in positional 3.74, p=.000), health (t=11.93, P=.000), work schedule period(F=10.60, P=,000) in Internal Medicine nurses, and in age(F=4.43, P=.006), education opportunity (F=3.91, P=.024), satisfaction factor(F=3.76, p=.007) in Oriental Medicine nurses. Job satisfaction by general special quality was similar difference in education opportunity(F=3.43, p=.037), hea1th(F=6.34, P=0.35), work schedule period(F=10.60, P=.000) in Internal Medicine nurses and there was similar difference in education opportunity(F=5.72, P=.005) in Oriental Medicine nurses(P<-001). 3. According to result that analyze business stress and interrelation between job satisfaction, job satisfaction was low as business stress is high displaying station interrelation in business stress and job satisfaction(r=-.453, P=.000). As business stress is high displaying station interrelation in Internal Medicine nurses, Oriental Medicine nurses, job satisfaction was low (r=-.430, P=.000). 4. Difference between subject person's two group of job satisfaction Internal Medicine nurses 2.51 points be and Oriental Medicine nurse's job satisfaction whole grades difference that Oriental Medicine nurse's job satisfaction was some high than Internal nurses but keeps in mind between two group because it is 2.55 points be. Conclusion: systematic reform measure with education, work environment development that can manage stress because control of business stress becomes important factor to increase job satisfaction that need known support consider.
급성 췌장염에서 내시경적 역행성 담췌관 조영술의 임상적 의의
강진경,박인서,송건훈,정재복,송시영,한기준 대한소화기내시경학회 1996 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.16 No.3
The safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) in patients with acute pancreatitis(AP) was confirmed in the past decade. Especially in ease of acute gallstone panereatitis, early ERCP/EST(endoscopic sphincterotomy) may reduce the incidence of complications by removing gallstone which causes acute attack of pancreatitis. To assess clinical usefulness of ERCP/EST in the setting of AP, we reviewed clinical records of 58 patients with AP who had undergone ERCP /EST during the same period of admission. 1) There were thirty-four men and twenty-four women with a mean age of 51.4 (range 14-82). According to the Atlanta classification, forty-two patients were determined to have 'mild' pancreatitis, while the remaining sixteen were determined to have `severe' pancreatitis. 2) The most common indication which urged to perform ERCP was common bile duct(CBD) stones suspected by other imaging reodalities(23 cases). The next common was dilatation of CBD detected on ultrasonography in nine cases. 3) Seven patients received ERCP within 24 hours and seventeen underwent ERCP between the period of 24-72 hours after admission. Therefore 24 patients(41.4%) underuvent ERCP within 72 hours after admission. 4) The rate of visualization of either bile duct(BD) or pancreatic duct(PD) was 93.1 %. There was no significant complication attributable to the procedure itself. 5) In 8 patients(21.1%), pancreatogram revealed chronic pancreatitis. This finding was more commonly encountered in patients who were determined to have 'severe' pancreatitis. Eighteen patients(39.1%) had stones of common bile duct and this was the most common cholangiographic finding. But the incidence of CBD stone was not different between `mild' and 'severe' pancretitis groups. 6) Among various predictors of gallstone panreatitis such as elevated total blirubin, alcalin pbosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and suspected stones on sonography the stones found orb sonography was proceed to be the most sgnificant factor in prediction of gallstaMe pancreatitis(p=0.032). 7) EST was successfully performed in 13 patents without significant procedurerelated complication. 8) In patients who were treated for acute gallstone pancreatitis, there was no significant difference in various clinical paramlters including severity, in-hospital stay, incidence of complication and laboratory indings between the surgery group and the EST group. 9) ERCP was useful in 35 patients(60.3%) by providing diagnostic information or therapeutic modalities. The confirmation and endoscopic removal of CBD stones represented the most part of advantages. In conclusion, we have found ERCP/EST to be a safe and useful modality in both diagnostic and therapeutic aspects for patients with AP. Especially in patients with gallstone pancreatitis, ERCPIEST lave evolved into an important role by early identification and safe removal of gallstone.
中等學校 家政科 實驗學習 敎員ㆍ設備基準의 適正性에 關한 硏究
강혜숙,윤인경 한국 가정과 교육 학회 1993 한국가정과교육학회지 Vol.5 No.-
Because of the specificity of subjects belong to middle school curriculum of Home Economics Education of function training is very important. But it pointed out that the existing standards are out-dated, and because of it, it incongruent to our realities. Therefore, whenever the curriculum of education and the national textbook are reorgrnized periodically, the reform of standards of educational materials & facilities must be followed by it. But in my opinion, in korean middle school, especially in Home Economics Education, educational facilities are not reformed at a proper time. Therefore, to enhance the qualities of experimentation/practice of Home Economics Education, in the first place, the preparation for the given conditions of standards of educational materials & facilities are needed. But the educational facilities of Home Economics Education have many problems not only in the qualitative aspect but also in the quantitative aspect. And in addtion to it, lots of educational facilities which cannot match contents of national textbook of Home Economics Education are exist. Therefore, this thesis aims at examining comprehensively the problem of experimentation/practice of experimental materials & facilties of Home Economics Education, connect with contents of Home Economics Education, holding several problems of experimentation/practice of Home Economics Education in middle school, grouping ; the principles and ways concerning the innovation of experimental materials & facilties of Home Economics Education by which many teachers and students make sure of more efficient teaching/studying, and obtaining basic data which guarantee the ability of innovation concerning problems of the education of experimentation/practice of Home Economics Education. Methods are : 1) grasp our educational realities with my original(question). 2) integrate/analyse results of 1) 3) check the frequency, percentage with methods of X?-test, T-test, and 'One-way Analysis of Variances'. 4) suggest my own alternative proposal. Conclusions are : 1) To the problems concerning the plan, method, frequency, choice of contents, budget, and experimental materials & facilties of experimentation/practice, any meaningful difference are not revealed likewise, but, these problems can affect to teachers' guidance of practical examination, therefore it needs to give a indirect financial, and administration aids to teachers/schools from the government. 2) Contents of experimentation/practice are subjected to contents of textbook. In this reason, educational facilities are suitable to contents of textbook for the efficacy of experimentation/practice. Therefore, whenever contents of national textbooks are revised, the proper experimental materials & facilties must be established. And then, according to these standards, educational facilities must be prepared equally. 3) The capacity of educational facilities are conciderably different according to the type, region, and established pattern of school. Therefore, in order to eliminate these differences, it needs to prepare practice classrooms, and to import the new educational facilities. For these preperations, and for the efficient education of practical skill, financial aids from government are necessary. 4) In comparison with contents of textbook the educational facilities which are not enlisted in experimental materials & facilties but very important and very necessary for the classwork of Home Eocnomics Education must be included in new experimental materials & facilities. 5) The problems of existing experimental materials & facilties of Home Economics Education are identified as following ; i) disagreement between names of educational facilities and contents of the textbook of Home Economics Education. ii) the standard of need in relation to the number of class, isn't fit to our educational reality likewise. iii) the difficulty of elastic application. Therefore, to be sure of the development of Home Economics Education, various efficient methods of education must be groped, and endeavour for correction of imperfection must be maintained continuously.
한ㆍ일 모더니즘 소설의 비교연구(1) : 新感覺派와 요코미쓰 리이치의 소설 New Sensitivity Group and Yokomitsu Ri-ichi
강인숙 건국대학교 1995 學術誌 Vol.39 No.1
1.Japanese modernism and 'New Sensitivity Group' Comparative study on Korean and Japanese Modernism, I want to study Japan first, because they started about ten years ahead of Korea, so there must be influences from Japan to Korea along with European modernism. Japanese modernism was influenced from Europe, and they called the first modernist group 'New Sensitivity Group'. When their magazine Literary Era appeared with the novel of Yokomitsu Ri-ichi's "The Head and the Belly," Chiba Kameo called them "New Sensitivity Group," and the group members accepted it. In Japan, there is four groups of modernism. 1) New Sensitivity Group 2) New Artist Group 3) New psychologist group 4) Intellectualist group Among these (1) was dominant and Yokomitsu was the leader of this group. That's why, I study Yokomitsu and 'New Sensitivity Group' first. The period of 'New Sensitivity Group' was generally from october 1924 to may 1927. which was the term of their magazing Literary Era. But, Japanese extend it from 1923 to 1930, because, in Yokomitsu's case, the characteristic trait of the 'New Sensitivity Group' appears from the novel "The Aureole of the sun"(1923), and ends "Shanghai"(1929) and "Machine"(1930). 2.The technique of 'New Sensitivity Group' in Yokomitsu's case 1) Anti-private novel (1) Puppet theory The unique feature of Japanese novel is the tradition of private novel. They suppose it as major genre among the novels. When they imported naturalism, Japanese writers misunderstood 'truth' as "fact, and rejected fictionality. They thought writers have to write with the materials they have experienced directly. From the Meiji era to Daisho, the tradition of private novel reigned in Japan. Yokomitsu opposed it. He declared "We would like to creak puppet. And he begins to write with materials remote from his personal experience. "The Aureole of the Sun" and "The Quiet Pararellel" from antiquity, "Napoleon and the Worm" from alien county. Only "Spring Comes Through the Chariot" and "Speculation of Flowery Garden" were exceptional case which based on his own experience. (2) External point of view and complex point of view Yokomitsu was externalized the point of view of narrators. During the period of Literary Era, he usually used the third person pointy of view like realist in Europe. But, he also used double point of view, and in "The Machine"(1930), he invented a term "fourth person point of view," These complex point of views were not only external, internality included it. 2) Anti-realign (1) temporal background Yokomitsu also rejected realign of traditional novel. It begins from temporal background. In "The Aureole of the sun" and "The Quiet Pararellel," he went back to the antiquity. "Napoleon and the Worm" was also deals with past. It oppose realist's 'presentday fromula.' (2) Space There is also distance from reality in space. The settings of "Napoleon and the Worm" and "Shang-hoi" were alien land. "The Aureole of the Sun" also distant place from author's reality even though it is domestic splace. The setting of "The Head and the Belly" and "The Fly" are transit space which realist avoided. Japanese naturalist limited thier setting 'inside of residence.' The two novel based upon writer's experience also not suitable for realistic novel, because it is an isolated sanatorium or villa there is no everyday life in it. The setting of Yokomitsu's above mentioned novels were anti-realistic, except "The Machine." We have to consider about the urbanism here, because, New Sensitivity Group insist their literature was urbane. But, in Yokomitsu, there is almost no urban setting execpt "The Machine" and "Shanghai", the other novel's setting are rural place or suburbus of the city, so it can't be consider as an urban literature in strict stance. (3) Against the causality of plot Begining paragraph of "The Head and the Belly" was very famous in Japan. "The express train ignored small stations as if it is a stone." But it hasn't relation with next paragraph. 1) A boy singing aloud in the train. 2) Suddenly the train stopped 3) Waiting or changing the train was passengers choice 4) A man with big belly lined leaving group, other passengers followed him except the boy. 5) The train started again with the boy and his song. Between these events, there is no causal relationship at all. Yokomitsu depicted all these events like the painter sketches scenery without explanation. Speed of the train, head of the boy, belly of the man were all isolated and apart, (4) New sensitivity in his style "I had a period of desperate struggle against our national language" once Yokomitsu said. It was the periode of his New Sensitivity Group. He had rejected old realistic style, and eagerly wanted new one. That's the archaic style of "The Aureole of the sun." He hat continue the experiment on style, which avoided spoken language and prefered written one. Short sentence, strange metaphor, visual imagery, repetition, physical metaphor and ananlogy, personifications were his stylistic trait until "Shanghai" New, strange styles were the most dominant trait of New Sensitivity Group. But, he had changed his style since "The Machine". For express the deep inside of human psychology, he used long, insessant paragraph. 3.The modernism of Yokomitsu Ri-ichi The characteristic feature of modernistic novel in general is anti-realism, It appeaers 1) adoption of Freudian formula, 2) subjective time, 3) descontinuity of plot, 4) deformation of genre, etc. Yokomitsu Ri-ichi's case, 1) and 3) was similar in some degree. And the experimental side of new style also distinct. With this anti-realistic techenique, we may call him modernist. There is similarity with modernism on the complex point of view too. But, anti-private novel is not modernistic. Above all, the externalization of point of view and puppet theory are not suitable for modernism.
한·일 모더니즘소설의 비교연구(2) : 신흥예술파와 류단지 유우(龍膽寺雄)의 소설
강인숙 건국대학교 인문과학연구소 1997 인문과학논총 Vol.29 No.-
Ⅰ. Characteristic features of New Artist Group New Artist Group is second phase of Japanese modernism,which succeed New Sensivity Group. New Sensivity Group lasted 1927, two years later 13 writers made "13club". Next year they enlarged it and made New Artist Group with 19 more writers. But,they have'nt any common ground except anti-proletarian literature, the group ended two or three years without remarkable outcomes. Both of New Sensivity Group and New Artist Groups are opposed proletarian literature,which was only one tie between them. In New Artist Group,there were writers as Kuno Toyohiko, Asahara Rokuro,Yoshiyuki Eiske and Ryudanzi-Yu,but soon other writers except Ryudanzi make another group,therefore Ryudanzi became representative writer of this group just like Yokomitsu in New Sensivity Group Ⅱ. Aspects of Japanese Modrenism in the novels of Ryudanzi-Yu 1) Urbanism Modern civilization is fundamental condition for modernism. But in Japan,the condition of madernism was not matured until 1923. After the earthquake of 1923, a new modern city was born from the ruins of old Tokyo. Urban literature followed the trend and rippened sevral years later. New Artist Group and Ryudanzi-Yu was the first runner of urban literature in Japan. Ryudanzi wrote modern city novels in which we can encounter new city and new chracters. (1) Characters Ryudanzi-Yu wrote in 1928 <The age of wandering>,<The girls of apartment and me>and <Mako> in 1931,<A last testament to M. Ko>in 1934. The period of New Artist Croup is 1929-1931 in general,though Ryudanzi-Yu's case,I have included the two novels of 1928 and <A last testament to M. Ko>(1934), because they are evaluated modernism novels in Japan. The characters of Ryudanzi-Yu has no variation. His female protagonist was 'Mako' in general, so these novels are called 'Mako series'. Male protagonists also same type whose initials are R. U, the initial of author himself, because he wrote autobiographical novel. All of them were modern boys and girls who appeared first time in Japanese novel. (A) Male protagonist <The age of wandering> : young painter who get bread by window decoration of shops. <The girls of apartment and me> : student of medical college <Mako> : amateur architect who designed ultra modern cafe in Ginza <A last testament to M. Ko> : painter,music composer,archtect and writer Common traits : a) Man of frreedom : They have no family connection., they are free from all the conventional rules. They are free too from money and fame because they have no ambition about it. They are free like a bird or wind. b) Optimist : Even Mako is patient of T. B, but they are always happy and gay because they have no ambition. c) Man of various talent : they are scientist, painter, musicien,architect,and biologist. Like artists of renaissance,they are talented in many field. (B) Female protagonist <The age of wandering> : Mako. 17 years old,middle school girl, orphan <The girls of apartment and me> : Tomoe. 17 years old, shop girl,orphan <Mako> : 18 years old, orphan <A last testament to M. Ko> : teenager, writer's wife, orphan Common traits : a) Orphan, : girls are 10 years yonger than the boys, and they are freer than the boys because they have no parents. b) Optimist like boys. c) Immaturity : In<Mako> and <A last testament to M. Ko>, girls are engaged or married state, but they are immature like a elemantary school girl. d) Neutrality : girls are not feminine at all, they are just like a boy mentally, physically. The characters of Ryudanzi-Yu's are free, optimistic modern boys and girls. (2) Spatial background of the novels-modern megalopolis <The age of wandering> : second floor of an old warehouse, one room, "I" sleep together with Soga and his sister Mako in one bed <The girls of apartment and me> : apartment, two room, "I" sleep sometimes in Tomoe's bed <Mako> : Attic of an ultra modern cafe decorated with strange funitures Thier residences are not traditional place;one rooom studio, apartment, attic etc. There we can find ultra modern funitures, everything in their rooms are strange and new fashion. (3) Modern taste and foreign language The characters of Ryudanzi-Yu's are modern boy. They love western way of life. Their favourite foods are ice cream, chocholate, candy, coffee etc. they love western clothes, western residence, western language and western things. They use English, Franch and German language very often. Ⅲ. Anti-modernistic elements in the novels of Ryudanzi-Yu 1) Return to realism In his works, the materials are modernistic, but methods are not modernistic at all. His teacher Nagatsuka was realist. His forerunner Yokomitsu was anti-realist, he has attepted all the methode to against realism. Ryudanzi-Yu anihilated all the effort of Yokomitsu and returned to the Melji realism. 2)Return to the Ist person point of view of the private novel of Daisho Era Ryudanzi-Yu wrote private novel. His 'Mako series' represent his own biographical world. In Japan, main current of the novel was private novel. But Melji naturalism take at least 3rd person point of view, but Daisho Era prefer 1st person point of view. Ryudanji followed later type. He returned to Daisho private novel which Yokomitsu detested. Ⅳ. Difference between Yokomitsu and Ryudanji Both of them are modernist, anti-communist, optimist and. materialist, but Ryudanji differs from Yokomitsu by following elemsents a) chronotope : Yokomitsu. antiquity and alien land Ryudanji. here and now type b) style : Yokomitsu. attempted archaic style Ryudanji. realistic style c) point of view : Uokomitsu. external point of view Ryudanji. internal point of view There is no attempt for new methode and exploration for the meanings of life in Ryudanji-yu. He had dipicted only modern way of life. It was attractive element in his age, because it appeared first time in Japan. But as soon as the novelty of the new world disappeared, he lose readers. In Japan, New Artist Group is modernist in strict sense. That's why Japanese dose't like the term modernism.
사회적 변화에 따라 정신질환자들의 피해망상 속에 나타난 박해자 유형변화
강승범,황인복,김한석,김승곤,김학렬,박상학,김상훈,황걸 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2008 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.33 No.3
Objective: The authors investigated the frequency of persecutors in persecutory delusions of the psychiatric patients who didn't undergo the arrest or traumatic injury, reside in Gwangju Jeonnam area, and were admitted to the hospital after the 5.18 prodemocracy movement in Gwangju in 1980 upward 10 years. Also this study investigated the frequency of the persecutors before and after the prodemocracy movement and in capital and Gwangju Jeonnam area. Subjects and Methods: Among the 896 patients who were admitted to department of psychiatry, Chosun University Hospital from Jan. 1. 1989 to Dec. 31. 1991, we choosed 144 patients with persecutory delusion who had lived in Gwangju Jeonnam area for 10 years after 5.18 prodemocracy movement as subjects. Persecutors were classified into 7 class: unspecified, family, neighbors, communist or spy, police or army or secret agent, impersonal, others. Results: 1) In our study, the frequency of persecutors was family, unspecified, neighbors, police or army or secret agent, impersonal, others, communist or spy in descending order. As compared to previous studies (1956-2003) including our study about frequency of persecutor at capital area and Gwangju Jeonnam area, and before and after 5.18 prodemocracy movement, 2) At capital area, in the early 1980s, police, family, neighbors, unspecified person was frequent in descending order. In the both of early 1970s, 1990s, neighbors, family, unspecified person, police was frequent in descending order. 3) At Gwangju Jeonnam area, in the early 1970s, family, unspecified person, neighbors, police was frequent in descending order. In the early 1990s, unspecified person and family, neighbors, police was frequent in descending order. 4) The police class was most frequent at capital area in the early 1980s. Conclusions: We suppose that class of persecutor in persecutory delusions of psychiatric patients are changing according to social change, and frequency of police class was decreasing in both of capital and Gwangju, Jeonnam area.
姜仁淑 건국대학교 1982 學術誌 Vol.26 No.1
The purpose of this paper is to examine Kim Tong In's naturalism compared with Emile Zola's theory of literature who has established theoretical foundation of naturalism. The reason I discuss on Zola's theory is that his theory has been served as a universal reference in the study of the literature of naturalism. Since in Korean literature the term "naturalism" itself was imported from Europe, therefore we can not discuss it without referring to it's original sense established by Zola. There seem to be several factors which distinguish Zola's naturalism from realism. The first is his belief in science. This is verified from the fact that he himself claimed to base his "The experimental nobel" on Claude Bernard's Medical theory. Zola is a novelist who tried to practice writing in a scientific method. Naturally what he aims at in his works is truth, not beauty, and the faithful reproduction of facts. He values above all objective data which serve as supporting evidences of facts, and employs a method of analysis and anatomy as natural scientists do. The second factor is Zola's materialism and determinism. Resulted from his attitude to regard human brain of the same substance as that of a stone, his materialistic view of man totally denies lyricism and religion. His determinism to refuse to admit man's free will inevitably leads him to describe the process of man's depravity and use the characters that belong to the low mimetic mode. Examined from the viewpoint of objective, analytical, anatomy, resuled from Zola's belief in science, Kim Tong In appears to have some similarities to Zola in many ways such as objectivity, faithful reproduction of facts, serious consideration of evidences, and analytical approaches‥‥etc. However, the dissimilarities are more predominant than the similarities. First, Tong In's extremistic disposition seems to contradict the naturalist's attitude of evaluating universal objectivity highly. Second, his narcissism involves a danger of exposing subjective judgments. Third, his aestheticism conflicts with naturalistic high esteem for "truth". Two other factors might be added as negative elements in Tong In's naturalism. One is immaturity of the modern Korean society, and the other the conflict of the genre of short story with naturalism. On the other hand, examined from the viewpoint of determinism, has more similarities in reverse. Denial of lyricism and religion, belief in the power of heredity and environment, and use of low mimetic mode omnipresent in his naturalistic works. However, his stories, possess many elements which are in discore with determinism and can be classified into four different groups in this connection. (1) in "감자"(Potatoes) and "태형" (Flogging), only environment is considered. (2) materialistic view of man seems to be ambiguous in "김연실전"(The Story of Kim Yun Shil) and "광염소나타"(Passionate Sonata) though both environment and heredity are dealt with in them. (3) in "태형" the first person narrator is used and free will is admitted. (4) indifferent attitude towards society is seem throughout his works. In conclusion, it can he said that between Kim Tong In's naturalism and Zola's theory, there are some similarities; however, far more striking dissimilarities between them make us hesitate to treat Kim Tong In a simple naturalist. Although he might be regarded as a naturalist when compared with such an emotive writer as Lee Kwang soo, with Zola, Tong In is a writer with a mere tinge of naturalism. This conclusion could also lead us to infer that the situations peculiar to Korea of 1920's such as the lack of positivistic thought, the social change of the period, and the short story-centered state of Korean novel did work as negative factors against the establishment of naturalism in Korea.