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Airfoil Design for Martian Airplane Considering Using Global Optimization Methodology
Kanazaki, Masahiro,Utsuki, Motohiro,Sato, Takaya,Matsushima, Kisa The Society for Aerospace System Engineering 2015 International Journal of Aerospace System Engineer Vol.2 No.2
To design airfoils for novel airplanes, new knowledge of aerodynamics is required. In this study, modified Parametric SECtion (PARSEC) which is a airfoil representation is applied to airfoil design using a multi-objective genetic algorithm to obtain an optimal airfoil for consideration in the development of a Martian airplane. In this study, an airfoil that can obtain a sufficient lift and glide ratio under lower thrust is considered. The objective functions are to maximize maximum lift-to-drag ratio and to maximize the trailing edge thickness. In this way, information on the low Reynolds number airfoil could be extracted efficiently. The optimization results suggest that the airfoil with a sharper thickness at the leading edge and higher camber at the trailing edge is more suitable for a Martian airplane. In addition, several solutions which has thicker trailing edge thickness were found.
Design Optimization of Single-Stage Launch Vehicle Using Hybrid Rocket Engine
Kanazaki, Masahiro,Ariyairt, Atthaphon,Yoda, Hideyuki,Ito, Kazuma,Chiba, Kazuhisa,Kitagawa, Koki,Shimada, Toru The Society for Aerospace System Engineering 2015 International Journal of Aerospace System Engineer Vol.2 No.2
The multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) of a launch vehicle (LV) with a hybrid rocket engine (HRE) was carried out to investigate the ability of an HRE for a single-stage LV. The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) was employed to solve two design problems. The design problems were formulated as two-objective cases involving maximization of the downrange distance over the target flight altitude and minimization of the gross weight, for two target altitudes: 50.0 km and 100.0 km. Each objective function was empirically estimated. Several non-dominated solutions were obtained using the NSGA-II for each design problem, and in each case, a trade-off was observed between the two objective functions. The results for the two design problem indicate that economical performance of the LV is limited with the HRE in terms of the maximum downrange distances achievable. The LV geometries determined from the non-dominated solutions were examined.
Design Exploration of High-Lift Airfoil Using Kriging Model and Data Mining Technique
Kanazaki, Masahiro,Yamamoto, Kazuomi,Tanaka, Kentaro,Jeong, Shin-Kyu The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Scie 2007 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.8 No.2
A multi-objective design exploration for a three-element airfoil consisted of a slat, a main wing, and a flap was carried out. The lift curve improvement is important to design high-lift system, thus design has to be performed with considered multi-angle. The objective functions considered here are to maximize the lift coefficient at landing and near stall conditions simultaneously. Kriging surrogate model which was constructed based on several sample designs is introduced. The solution space was explored based on the maximization of Expected Improvement (EI) value corresponding to objective functions on the Krigingmodels. The improvement of the model and the exploration of the optimum can be advanced at the same time by maximizing EI value. In this study, a total of 90 sample points are evaluated using the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes simulation(RANS) for the construction of the Kriging model. In order to obtain the information of the design space, two data mining techniques are applied to design result. One is functional Analysis of Variance(ANOVA) which can show quantitative information and the other is Self-Organizing Map(SOM) which can show qualitative information.
Design Exploration of High-Lift Airfoil Using Kriging Model and Data Mining Technique
Masahiro Kanazaki,Kazuomi Yamamoto,Kentaro Tanaka,Shinkyu Jeong 한국항공우주학회 2007 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.8 No.2
A multi-objective design exploration for a three-element airfoil consisted of a slat, a main wing, and a flap was carried out. The lift curve improvement is important to design high-lift system, thus design has to be performed with considered multi-angle. The objective functions considered here are to maximize the lift coefficient at landing and near stall conditions simultaneously. Kriging surrogate model which was constructed based on several sample designs is introduced. The solution space was explored based on the maximization of Expected Improvement (EI) value corresponding to objective functions on the Krigingmodels. The improvement of the model and the exploration of the optimum can be advanced at the same time by maximizing EI value. In this study, a total of 90 sample points are evaluated using the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes simulation (RANS) for the construction of the Kriging model. In order to obtain the information of the design space, two data mining techniques are applied to design result. One is functional Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) which can show quantitative information and the other is Self-Organizing Map (SOM) which can show qualitative information.
Income Shifting Behavior of Japanese Multinationals
Shaif Jarallah,Yoshio Kanazaki 사람과세계경영학회 2012 Global Business and Finance Review Vol.17 No.2
This study attempts to identify the factors that motivate Japanese listed non-financial multinationals intrafirm trade and their income shifting behavior toward different taxation policies in various countries. In terms of econometric methodology, the two-stage least square estimation technique (2SLS) is employed to establish the relationship between intrafirm sales and its determinants such as tax rate and interest rate using a pooled sample of 460 foreign affiliates of 251 Japanese publicly listed manufacturing multinationals for the period 2000 to 2009. The empirical results confirm that intrafirm trade within a group of companies will intensify when affiliated companies are located in low corporate tax rates jurisdictions while parent companies are in higher tax zones, and it will decline when affiliated companies are located in a high corporate tax rate zones. Furthermore larger firms are inclined toward income shifting rather than small firms. The empirical results reveal that if the local cost of borrowing in order to finance new investment and assets is high, the affiliate firm will avoid transferring their surplus fund. Regarding ownership, the wholly owned Japanese affiliates participate in low income shifting compared to partially owned affiliates.
Atthaphon Ariyarit,Masahiro Kanazaki 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.4
This paper discusses airfoil design optimization using a genetic algorithm (GA) with multi-modal distribution crossover (MMDX). The proposed crossover method creates four segments from four parents, of which two segments are bounded by selected parents andtwo segments are bounded by one parent and another segment. After these segments are defined, four offsprings are generated. Thisstudy applied the proposed optimization to a real-world, multi-objective airfoil design problem using class-shape function transformationparameterization, which is an airfoil representation that uses polynomial function, to investigate the effectiveness of this algorithm. Theresults are compared with the results of the blend crossover (BLX) and unimodal normal distribution crossover (UNDX) algorithms. Theobjective of these airfoil design problems is to successfully find the optimal design. The outcome of using this algorithm is superior tothat of the BLX and UNDX crossover methods because the proposed method can maintain higher diversity than the BLX and UNDXmethods. This advantage is desirable for real-world problems.
A Review of Empirical Studies on Transfer Pricing Manipulation
Shaif Jarallah,Yoshio Kanazaki 인하대학교 정석물류통상연구원 2011 JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS AND TRADE Vol.9 No.2
This research surveys the recent surge of empirical studies on transfer pricing manipulation by multinational enterprises (MNEs), tax-motivated transfer pricing, particularly from the year 1990 to present. The review tackles transfer pricing income shifting behavior of MNEs from three different perspectives: taxation relationship with profitability, intrafirm trade, and foreign direct investment (FDI). There have been significant developments and contributions in this field, despite many limitations, mainly concerning the availability of micro-data in general, (specifically intrafirm trade data which allows capturing much of the heterogeneity which is dangling within inter-sectors), and the tax measurement issue. Yet, this area of study is still developing and promises more achievements.