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Juyoul Kim,Gi Young Han 한국방사성폐기물학회 2022 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.20 No.2
Since radon was detected in mattresses of famous bed furniture brands in 2018, the nuclear safety and security commission (NSSC) announced the radiation safety management act in April 2021 to protect the public health and environment. This act stipulates the safety management of radiation that can be encountered in the natural environment such as the notification of radioactivity concentration of source materials, process by-products, the installation and operation of radioactive monitors. In this study, a model was established to predict radioactive exposure dose from radioactive materials such as radon and uranium detected in consumer products such as bed mattresses, pillows, shower, bracelets and masks in order to identify major radioactive substances that largely affect the exposure dose. A period of seven years from 2014 to 2020 was investigated for the source materials and exposure doses of consumer products containing naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs). We analyzed these using machine learning models such as classification and regression tree (CART), Random Forest and TreeNet. Index development and verification were performed to evaluate the predictive performance of the models. Overall, predictive performance was highest when Random Forest or TreeNet was used for each consumer product. Thoron had a great influence on the internal exposure dose of bedding, clothing and mats. Uranium had a great influence on the internal exposure dose of other consumer products except whetstones. When the number of data is very small or the missing value rate is high, it is difficult to expect accurate predictive performance even with machine learning techniques. If we significantly reduce the missing value rate of data or use the limit of detection value instead of missing values, we can build a model with more accurate predictive performance.
Review of the Linkage Between Accident Management Plan and Radiation Emergency Plan
Juyoul Kim,Hyeong-Ki Shin 한국방사성폐기물학회 2022 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.20 No.2
The correlation between accident management plan and radiation emergency plan of Shin-Kori Units 3 and 4 was compared and analyzed from the point of view of the adequacy of facilities, equipments, organization and manpower which are necessary for the related emergency response. It was found the equipment of accident management plan and emergency response facility of radiation emergency plan had different technical contents and scope of application, so there was no risk of mutual conflict and overlapping functions. However, since the accident impact assessment code in accident management plan and computer program of radiation emergency plan were different, it was necessary to ensure the agreement or linkage of the evaluation between them. When a radiation emergency is issued in accident management plan, the composition and mission of the accident response organization were mostly consistent with the contents of the radiation emergency plan, but some corrections and improvement items were identified. Accident management plan specified that the disaster response safety center belonged to the emergency operations facility (EOF), but the radiation emergency plan did not mention it at all. The main tasks of disaster response safety center were the movement, arrangement and connection of mobile emergency response facilities, on-site construction of other emergency response facilities, and on-site road restoration. According to the accident management plan, the movement, arrangement, and connection of mobile facilities (i.e., mobile generators, mobile pumps, multi-purpose communication relay facilities), which were considered very important for the prevention and mitigation of serious accidents, were under the supervision of the disaster response safety center. It was stipulated that the operation was carried out with the cooperation of a regular emergency organization, and that the start, operation and stop of mobile equipments were to be performed under the supervision of the emergency operation team supported by the regular emergency organization. Since this organization structure and assignment of duties could not be confirmed in radiation emergency plan, it was necessary to revise and improve the radiation emergency plan for the successful operation of mobile equipments and to link them with the accident management plan.
Faith Rukundo,Juyoul Kim(김주열) 대한환경공학회 2019 대한환경공학회지 Vol.41 No.8
본 연구에서는 국내 원자력발전소의 가상 중대사고시 RASCAL 및 HYSPLIT 코드를 사용해 방사선 환경영향분석을 수행하였다. 후쿠시마 사고와 벤치마킹 분석을 통해 대기로 유출된 방사선원항이 기존의 연구결과와 동일한 크기 자릿수로 합리적인 범위 내에 있음을 입증하였다. 또한 후쿠시마 사고와 유사한 장기전원상실사고를 가정하여 신고리 3, 4호기의 노심용융에 따른 영향평가를 수행한 결과, 사고로 인해 대기환경으로 유출된 방사성물질의 양은 상당하였으며 총 방사선원항은 4.1×10<SUP>16</SUP> Bq로 평가되었다. 국내 방사능방재 규제기준은 사고후 예상 주민피폭선량이 2일에 10 mSv를 초과하면 옥내대피를, 1주일에 50 mSv를 초과하면 주민소개를 권고한다. 총유효선량당량은 신고리 원자력발전소로부터 반경 4.83 km에서 11 mSv, 1.61 km에서 50 mSv로 평가되었으며 비상시 주민보호조치가 신속히 이행되어야 하는 것으로 확인되었다. Analysis of radiological environmental consequences for hypothetical severe accidents at Korean nuclear power plants (NPPs) was performed using radiological assessment system for consequence analysis (RASCAL) and hybrid single particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory (HYSPLIT) code. Through the benchmarking study of radiological source terms released to the atmosphere in case of Fukushima Daiichi NPP (FDNPP) accident, it was proved that the results of this study would fall within a reasonable range of the same order of magnitude compared with existing research results. Assuming a long-term station blackout (LTSBO) similar to FDNPP accident, we also analyzed the potential consequences of Shin Kori units 3 and unit 4 following postulated reactor core meltdown accidents which would lead to large releases of radioactive materials to the atmospheric environment and total source terms were estimated to be 4.1×10<SUP>16</SUP> Bq. Korean regulatory standards of emergency management recommended immediate protective actions of sheltering-in-place and evacuation if the projected radiation doses to the population exceeded 10 mSv and 50 mSv in the first 2 days and 1 week after the accident, respectively. It was found that total effective dose equivalent (TEDE) ranged from 11 mSv at 4.83 km to 50 mSv at 1.61 km around Shin Kori NPPs and therefore urgent public protective actions should be implemented in case of an emergency.