http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Exenatide: a New Agent for the Treatment of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus as Adjunctive Therapy
Juno Yoo,Dong Joo Yoo,Bong Kyu Yoo 한국임상약학회 2005 한국임상약학회지 Vol.15 No.2
엑세나타이드는 2005년 4월에 미국 FDA로부터 허가된 새로운 계열의 당뇨병치료제로서 적응증은 멧포르민이나 설포닐유레아계열의 당뇨병치료제로서 치료를 받고 있음에도 불구하고 혈당이 목표치로 저하되지 않는 제2형 당뇨병환자에게 기존의 치료법에 부가적으로 사용하는 것으로 제한되어 있다. 엑세나타이드는 39개의 아미노산으로 구성되어 있으며 미국 캘리포니아주에 자생하는 도마뱀의 타액에서 유래된 물질과 조성과 기능이 유사하도록 합성된 펩타이드 약물이다. 이 약물은 혈중포도당의 농도에 의존적으로 인슐린분비를 촉진하며, 비정상적으로 높은 혈중 글루카곤농도를 저하시키며, 음식물의 위통과시간을 연장하며, 식욕을 저하시키는 등의 여러 가지 기전을 통하여 혈당을 조절하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 멧포르민으로 1일 1500 mg을 사용하고 있는데도 불구하고 당화혈색소가 7%를 초과하는 제2형 당뇨병환자 336명을 대상으로 부가적으로 30주간 엑세나타이드 또는 을 1일 2회 피하주사 한 임상시험결과에 의하면, 당화혈색소가 7% 미만인 환자의 비율은 intent-to-treat 로서 각각 27%와 40%로 나타났다. 이는 기존의 치료법과 위약으로 치료받은 군에서의 13%에 비하여 통계적으로 매우 유의성 있는 결과인 것으로 분석되었다(p<0.01). 또 다른 임상시험에서는 상기 임상시험과 유사한 임상시험계획을 바탕으로 하여 설포닐유레아로 치료받고 있었지만 당화혈색소가 7%를 초과하는 제2형 당뇨병환자를 대상으로 임상시험을 실시하였으며, 그 결과에 의하면 엑세나타이드와 설포닐유레아의 병용치료 시 혈당조절에 매우 유리한 것으로 나타났다. 멧포르민과 설포닐유레아의 병용요법으로 치료받고 있던 당뇨병환자를 대상으로 실시한 임상시험에서도 동일한 결과가 나타났다. 이 약의 부작용은 치료개시 후 나타나는 메스꺼움이 문제로 지적되었으며 저 혈당현상은 큰 문제가 되지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이 약은 인슐린 대용약물이 될 수 없으며 당뇨병성 케토산증의 치료에 사용할 수 없다. 또한 이 약물은 심한 신부전이 있거나 말기신장질환 환자에게 사용해서는 안 된다.
( Juno Yoo ),( Rengarajan Baskaran ),( Bong Kyu Yoo ) 한국응용약물학회 2013 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.21 No.2
Objective of present study was to prepare and characterize self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) of lutein and to evaluate its effect on dioavailability of warfarin. the SNEDDS was prepared using an oil, a surfactant, and co-surfactants with optimal composition based on pseudo-ternary phase diahram. effectof the SNEDDS on the bioavailability of warfarin was performed using Sprague Dawley rats. Lutein was successfully formulated as SNEDDS for immediate self-emulsification and dis-solution by using combination of penceol as oil, Labrasol as surfactant, and Transcutol-HP or Lutrol-E400 as co-surfactant. Almost complete dissolution was achueced after 15 min while lutein was not detectable from the lutein powder or intra-capsule content of a commercial formulation. SNEDDS formulation of lutein affected bioavailability of warfarin, showing about 10% increase in Cand AUC of the srug in rats while lutein as non- SNEDDS did not alter these parameters. although exact mechanism is not yet elucidated, it appears that surfactant and co-surfactant used for SNEDDS formulation caused distubance in the anatomy of small intestinal microvilli, leading to permeability change of the mucosal membtane. based on this finding, it is suggested that drugs wlith narrow therapeutic range such as warfarin be administered with caution to avlid undesirable drug interaction due to large amount of surfactants contained in SNEDDS.
A RTP Packet Schedule Problem on IP videophone System using Hybrid Genetic Algorithm
JunO SONG,Lin LIN,Mitsuo GEN 대한산업공학회 2008 대한산업공학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.11
Enterprises are integrating transport of data, voice and video communication across the same infrastructure for fiscal as well as technological advantage. So, a lot of enterprises use various IP video phone systems which are consists of voice and video packet. The Quality of Service (QoS) of voice and video packet are very important because of the real-time service. Also, voice and video packet need a guaranteed delay. We considered the Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) packets sequence processing for voice and video quality, which is a NP-hard problem. To solve this problem, we propose scheduling algorithm for the router’s packet scheduling by a hybrid Genetic Algorithm (hGA). The objective of the packet scheduling model is to minimize the delay. We compare Modified Deficit Round Robin (MDRR)’s strict priority mode, alternate priority mode and hGA. Numerical experiments with several algorithms show the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed approach.
Juno Kim,Sung Jin Lee,Tae Kwann Park,Hae Jung Sun,Hoon Dong Kim,In Hwan Cho,Jung Woo Han,Kyung Seek Choi 대한안과학회 2023 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.37 No.5
Purpose: To compare short-term efficacy and safety of intravitreal brolucizumab injection with aflibercept in treatment-naive neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) patients. Methods: A total of 59 eyes from 59 treatment-naive nAMD patients in three hospitals were retrospectively reviewed. Of which, 27 patients underwent intravitreal brolucizumab injections and 32 received aflibercept. After monthly consecutive three injections, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA; in logarithm of minimal angle of resolution [logMAR]), central macular thickness (CMT), dry macula achievement rate, and intraocular inflammation (IOI) incidence were compared. Results: After loading-phase treatment, BCVA was significantly increased from 0.48 ± 0.30 logMAR at baseline to 0.33 ± 0.21 logMAR at 3 months in the brolucizumab group (p = 0.002) and 0.40 ± 0.39 logMAR at baseline to 0.33 ± 0.36 logMAR at 3 months in the aflibercept group (p = 0.007). But there was no significant difference in BCVA improvement at 3 months between the two groups. CMT significantly decreased from 429.67 ± 250.59 μm at baseline to 210.67 ± 93.53 μm at 3 months in the brolucizumab group and from 346.69 ± 159.09 μm to 234.52 ± 83.42 μm in the aflibercept group (both p < 0.001). The amount of CMT reduction was significantly greater in the brolucizumab group after 3 months (p = 0.036). In typical AMD eyes, brolucizumab showed similar BCVA improvement but better CMT reduction at 3 months (p = 0.018). Dry macula achievement rate was not significantly different between the two groups. One IOI was observed in the brolucizumab group. Conclusions: Intravitreal injections of brolucizumab and aflibercept showed similar anatomical and functional outcomes. But CMT reduction was greater in the brolucizumab group. One IOI was identified, which was tolerable for topical agents. These results suggest that brolucizumab could be a novel first line treatment option for treating naive nAMD patients.
Juno Kim,Kyung Seek Choi 대한안과학회 2023 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.37 No.6
Purpose: To investigate a series of peripheral lattice degeneration cases using an ultra-widefield (UWF) swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) system. Methods: From August 1, 2022 to July 31, 2023, 19 eyes from 16 patients with peripheral lattice degeneration were included. They all underwent a UWF SS-OCT examination. Anatomy of retina, vitreous, and associated pathologic changes were assessed. Results: UWF SS-OCT showed various anatomical changes of retina and vitreous in patients with lattice degeneration. Of 15 eyes from 12 patients whose UWF SS-OCT images were clearly obtained, eight eyes showed regional retinal thinning, seven eyes showed vitreous traction, two eyes showed detached vitreous, and three eyes showed retinal break. Conclusions: UWF SS-OCT can be a useful tool to understand anatomical changes and pathophysiology of peripheral lattice degeneration.