자살과 죽음, 반연극적 유희의 방식 : Death of a Salesman 부조리 텍스트로 다시 읽기

박정만 ( Park¸ Jung-man ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2017 영어권문화연구 Vol.10 No.1

As for the suicide and death of Willy Loman, protagonist in Arthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman (1949), previous studies, whether positive or negative, whether hopeful or pessimistic, acknowledge that it is the result of Willy’s willingness to choose and thus interpret him as the subject of action. The above interpretation raises the following series of questions. Is Willy truthfully the subject of the act? Is his suicide and death entirely the result of his will? Are there any irreversible external factors and forces that have driven him to suicide and death? Isn’t his suicide and death an inevitable and ‘given’ choice irrelevant to his will? As a result, isn't his suicide and death an action that lacks will and subjectivity, or an ‘anti-action’ from the absurdist perspective? These questions, in addition to the existing interpretations, open up new possibilities for interpreting Willy’s suicide and death. In answering the questions, this study attempts to reads the main character Willy’s suicide and death from the absurdist perspective. Accordingly, Willy's suicide is examined in terms of ‘anti-play’ playing, and interpreted as the act of ‘killing’ or 'filling' time which is carried out toward a scheduled death according to the ruled book.

The Birth of a 'New Negro' Woman Playwright

Jungman Park 한국아메리카학회 2009 美國學論集 Vol.41 No.1

Spears (1925) is credited as Zora Neale Hurston's first dramatic work It was written during her attendance at Howard University and first published in the 1925 December issue of X-Ray, the magazine of the Zeta Phi Beta sorority at Howard University, when she was just beginning her career as a professional writer in New Yokr Not only having significance for providing the momentum with which Hurston made her first step toward a career as a dramatist and consequently bing the author's debut play, Spears accounts for a much bigger context that I call the 'Howard Connection,' which includes the six-year long period (1919-1924) of Hurston's attendance at Howard University and her arrival in New York in 1925 The Howard Connection explains two types of contexts, diachronic and synchronic, respectively First, it relays the playwright's multiple temporal-geographical worlds, her childhood in Eatonville, her literary apprenticeship at Howard, and her professional authorship in New York Secondly, it accounts for the multiple layers of relations surrounding the writing of Spears, the social needs for modern womanhood in the early 1920s as well as 'New Negro' in the Harlem Renaissance era, the educational field's response to the needs represented by the establishment of the Zeta Phi Beta sorority, and Hurston's individual and social position as a 'New Negro' woman Illuminating the historical encounter between the play and the context of the 1920s as well as the relation of the Howard Connection to Hurston's career as a dramatist, this paper explores the significance of Spears, Hurston's first dramatic outcome, as the indication for the emergence of a 'New Negro' woman playwright

Effects of the Antibiotics Growth Promoter Tylosin on Swine Gut Microbiota

( Jungman Kim ),( Robin B. Guevarra ),( Son G. Nguyen ),( Ji Hoon Lee ),( Dong Kee Jeong ),( Tatsuya Unno ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.5

Tylosin has been used as a livestock feed additive and antibiotic growth promoter for many years. However, the mode of action by which tylosin enhances animal growth is unclear. We used high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes to investigate the effects of tylosin as a feed additive on swine gut microbiota. No significant difference in the rate of weight increase was observed between control and tylosin-treated pigs during a 10-week feeding trial. However, tylosin-treated pigs showed rapid increases in the relative abundance of the phylum Firmicutes. Increases in Firmicutes species are associated with (so-called) obese-type gut microbiota. The abundance of species of four families of the phylum Firmicutes (Streptococcaceae, Peptococcaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, and Clostridiaceae) correlated positively with host weight gain. The abundance of Streptococcaceae family bacteria was least affected by tylosin treatment. Distribution analysis of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) showed that both control and tylosin-treated pigs exhibited similar OTU alterations during growth. However, the tylosin-treated group showed distinctive alterations in gut microbiota when the host weighed approximately 60 kg, whereas similar alterations occurred at around 80 kg in the control group. Our results suggest that use of tylosin accelerates maturation of swine gut microbiota rather than altering its composition.

Zora Neale Hurston’s Two Early Writings of African Diaspora : The Story of “Going to Sea” and the Autobiography of “Colored Me”

Park Jungman(박정만) 새한영어영문학회 2010 새한영어영문학 Vol.52 No.3

This study is on the early literary works of Zora Neale Hurston, an African American woman writer, anthropologist and folklorist of the Harlem Renaissance in the early twentieth century. Focusing on the period of time when Hurston began her literary career, this study aims at tracing the procedure in which the author’s perspective on black identity and the subsequent interests in the theme of the African diaspora initiated and developed thereafter, through a close reading of her two earliest literary writings, which are the short stories “John Redding Goes to Sea” (1921) and the autobiographical essay “How It Feels to Be Colored Me” (1928). An authentic value of the study lies in the ways relating the two given texts, drawing the related topics from the texts, and developing the topics in terms of intertextuality. Reading the story of “Going to Sea,” this study discovers the two layers of time, historical and metaphoric, and the subsequent ahistorical time-space in which the black people's painful memories of leaving home, parting and loss transform into the joy of home coming, reunion and taking back, and accordingly an alternative survival strategy is possible for the African diaspora. Then the study relates such transcendental vision to the moment of Hurston’s recovering name and identity, represented by her rebirth as ‘Cosmic Zora’ who belongs to neither race nor time in her autobiography of ‘Colored Me.’ Like this, the study explores, through the intertextual space between the two given texts, the dynamics in which the survival strategy for the individual African Americans develops into a transcendental aesthetics of affirming life for the African diaspora.

공화주의, 귀화, 시민의 탄생: 『다비의 귀환』에서 재현되는 새로운 국가의 윤리적·정치적 이상

박정만(Jungman Park) 한국아메리카학회 2019 美國學論集 Vol.51 No.2

William Dunlap’s play Darby’s Return (1789) deals with the story of an Irish soldier who returns to his hometown after joining the British army during the American Revolutionary War. During his stay in New York, Darby witnesses historical scenes such as the establishment of the federal constitution and the presidential inauguration, and finds a new national ideal called ‘republicanism’ as differentiated from European traditions. He is back home to Ireland, but eventually decides to return to New York, become a citizen of the United States, marry and start a new life. Darby’s choice of a new identity, Irish-American, effectively represents the formation of American state and citizenship as ‘imagined community’ embracing racial, regional, and cultural heterogeneity. Dunlap persuasively and timely affirms the ethical and political ideals of the new nation as represented by republicanism through the dramatic representation of the hero’s identity transition. Daunlap creates his play Darby’s Return as ‘American drama’ by capturing the American subjects as well as faithfully fulfilling the moral responsibility demanded to contemporary American art.

화학사고 후 장기 생태영향 원인물질 규명 기술 개발

조정만(Jungman JO),김나은(Naeun KIM),표희수(Heesoo Pyo),이정애(Jeongae Lee),유병용(Byeongyong You),오영탁(Youngtak Oh),함정엽(Jeongyup Ham),황유식(Yousik Hwang),오정은(Jeongeun Oh),배효관(Hyogwan Bae),전준호(Junho Jeon),최재영(Jayoung C 환경독성보건학회 2019 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2019 No.4

엘리자베스 시대 세계관과 그 디오라마

박정만(Jungman Park) 한국셰익스피어학회 2007 셰익스피어 비평 Vol.43 No.4

This paper aims at exploring the dynamics between the Elizabethan world view and the Shakespearean theatre space. First of all, this paper elucidates the meaning of the Elizabethan view of the world through the examination of the contemporary popular sciences such as medicine, astrology and alchemy. Then, it demonstrates the way in which the Elizabethan world view was represented and, at the same time, presented itself on the Shakespearean theatre space, especially, though the 'Heaven' of the Globe Theatre. The Elizabethan world view was deeply rooted in the Ptolemaic notion of geocentricism, that is, the Earth is the center of the universe and all the creatures in the universe are organically connected one after another and structured in the form of a Great Chain of Being. The practices of the contemporary popular sciences show well that such a world view was in ubiquitous circulation in daily life and accordingly accepted as familiar by the public of the time. Along with the geocentricism, the notion of the micro-macro universal correspondence formed the norm of the Elizabethan conception of the world order. With these notions, Queen Elizabeth could make and mythify a national pride that England was the center of the world and then implant the pride in her subjects who thought themselves to be the selected people of the world. During the reign of Queen Elizabeth. England was in desperate need to free herself from the political and religious influence of Spain. Considering this, the production and circulation of the England-centered world view or national pride should be the order of the time that Elizabeth had to take. As a popular and public place for entertainment, the contemporary playhouse could be an easy and useful means to propagate and, consequently, popularize the Elizabethan world view among the general public. The circular pattern of zodiacal symbols in the 'Heaven' of the Globe Theatre explains best such a possibility. Together with the motto "torus mundus agit histrionem"(the whole world is a stage) inscribed at the entrance of the building, the zodiacal signs (re)presented the Elizabethan world view by making the audience members assume the playhouse as the world, identify themselves with the actors on the stage and consequently accepting their position as the center of the universe. Furthermore, the presence of the zodiacal signs in Heaven of the Globe Theatre leaves behind to chance for the reconsideration that the structure of the Elizabethan theatre building, as a diorama of the world view of the Elizabethan age, was the embodiment of the England's own peculiar context of the times.

AHP 기법을 적용한 민간 기업의 신재생에너지 평가항목에 대한 연구

홍정만(Jungman Hong) 에너지경제연구원 2011 에너지경제연구 Vol.10 No.1

본 연구에서는 민간기업의 신재생에너지 투자 의사결정과 관련된 주요 평가항목을 도출하고, 각 항목의 가중치를 분석하였다. 평가항목 가중치 분석을 위해 신재생에너지 관련 전문가 그룹의 특성에 따라 사업투자, 시장 분석, 에너지운영 전문가 그룹으로 나누고 각 전문 분야에 따른 가중치 특성과 차이점을 분석하였다. 신재생에너지 투자 의사결정 관련 7개의 평가항목을 도출하였고 각 항목에 대해서는 전문가 그룹들을 대상으로 AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process)기반의 쌍대비교 설문을 실시하였다. 설문 결과 경제성, 정부 정책, 설비투자 규모 관련 항목이 높게 평가되었다. 또한, 전문가 그룹별 평가항목 가중치가 서로 다르다는 점을 확인할 수 있었는데, 기술, 설비투자규모, 발전에 대한 통제 관련된 평가항목의 가중치 차이는 통계적으로 의미 있는 수준이었다. 이러한 차이점 분석을 통해 민간부문의 신재생에너지 확산의 한계와 향후 개선 방안에 대한 시사점을 제시하였다. In this study, investment criterions concerning renewable energy investment in private sector are driven and the importance weight of each criterion is analyzed. To analyze the importance weight, 3 expert groups(renewable energy business expert group, researcher, utility operation expert) are formed with the consideration of expert's expertise. The difference of importance weight from each expert group is analyzed. AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process)-base survey was carried with 7 investment criterions for renewable energy investment. Importance weight for economic related investment criterion has the highest weight, 20.72%, and government policy and investment money related criterion are also evaluated with high importance weight. In the resulting importance weight, expert group considered the different importance weight for each investment criterion. The differences in criterion related to technology, controllability of renewable energy and investment money related are statistically significant level. By analyzing these differences, the limit of renewable energy investment in private sector is considered and implications for future improvement are presented.

흡입 밸브 각도에 따른 엔진 부분부하 성능 특성

이정만(Jungman Lee),이재원(Jaewon Lee),김형식(Hyeongsig Kim),권순태(Soontai Kwon),박찬준(Chanjun Park),엄인용(Inyong Ohm) 한국에너지학회 2008 한국에너지공학회 학술발표회 Vol.2008 No.-

본 논문에서는 가솔린 기관에서 흡입 밸브 각도가 엔진의 부분부하 성능에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 혼합비 반응 특성을 통해 알아보았다. 흡입 밸브각이 작은 엔진이 흡입 밸브 각이 큰 엔진에 비해 배기가스 중 질소산화물(BSNOx)의 양은 줄어들었고, 점화시기는 지각되었고, 제동연료소비율은 조금 개선되었다. 배기가스 중 질소산화물의 양이 줄고 점화시기가 지각 되었다는 것은 급속 연소가 일어났다고 판단할 수 있다. 급속 연소는 희박 연소시 발생할 수 있는 출력저하와 실화를 감소시킬 수 있다.시험 결과를 살펴보면 흡입 밸브 각이 작아지면 기관의 연소 성능이 좋아지는 것으로 판단 될 수 있다. This paper searched through mixture ratio response test whether exert effect that is some in part load performance of engine according to inlet valve angle in gasoline engine. Engines that inlet valve angle is narrow decreased quantity of NOx among exhaust gas than engine that inlet valve angle is wide, and ignition timing was retard, and fuel consumption improved a little. That quantity of NOx among exhaust gas decreases and ignition timing was retard can judge that fast burning occurred. Fast burning can decrease output decline and misfire that can happen at lean burning. Can be judged by thing which engine's combustion performance improves if inlet valve angle is narrow if examine test result.

Shift in Tragic Mulatto Tradition and Alternatives to Tragedying the Mixed-blood in Mulatto and Color Struck

Park, Jungman(박정만) 한국현대영미드라마학회 2015 현대영미드라마 Vol.28 No.2