새로운 상호연결망 하프 버블정렬 그래프 설계 및 성질 분석

서정현,심현,이형옥,Seo, Jung-Hyun,Sim, Hyun,Lee, Hyeong Ok 한국정보통신학회 2017 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.21 No.7

버블정렬 그래프는 노드 대칭이며 데이터 정렬 알고리즘에 활용 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 버블정렬 그래프의 망 비용을 개선한 하프 버블정렬 그래프를 제안하고 분석한다. 하프 버블정렬 그래프 $HB_n$의 노드수는 n!이고 분지수는 ${\lfloor}n/2{\rfloor}+1$이다. 하프 버블정렬 그래프의 분지수는 버블정렬 그래프의 분지수의 $${\sim_=}0.5$$배 이고, 지름은 $${\sim_=}0.9$$배 이다. 버블정렬 그래프의 망 비용은 $${\sim_=}0.5n^3$$이고, 하프 버블정렬 그래프의 망 비용은 $${\sim_=}0.2n^3$$이다. 하프 버블정렬 그래프는 버블정렬 그래프의 서브 그래프임을 증명하였다. 추가로 라우팅 알고리즘을 제안하였고 지름을 분석하였다. 마지막으로 버블정렬 그래프와 망 비용을 비교 하였다. The Bubble sort graph is node symmetric, and can be used in the data sorting algorithm. In this research we propose and analyze that Half Bubble sort graph that improved the network cost of Bubble sort graph. The Half Bubble sort graph's number of node is n!, and its degree is ${\lfloor}n/2{\rfloor}+1$. The Half Bubble sort graph's degree is $${\sim_=}0.5$$ times of the Bubble sort, and diameter is $${\sim_=}0.9$$ times of the Bubble sort. The network cost of the Bubble sort graph is $${\sim_=}0.5n^3$$, and the network cost of the half Bubble sort graph is $${\sim_=}0.2n^3$$. We have proved that half bubble sort graph is a sub graph of the bubble sort graph. In addition, we proposed a routing algorithm and analyzed the diameter. Finally, network cost is compared with the bubble sort graph.

On the Strengthening Effects Affecting Tensile and Low Cycle Fatigue Properties of Low-Alloyed Seismic/Fire-Resistant Structural Steels

Jung‑Ho Sim,Tae‑Yeong Kim,Jun‑Yeon Kim,Chi‑Won Kim,Jun‑Ho Chung,Joonoh Moon,Chang‑Hoon Lee,Hyun‑Uk Hong 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.2

In the present study, low carbon ferritic and bainitic steels with different contents of Mo, Ti, and Nb were designed for bothseismic and fire-resistant applications. The microstructure of steels containing 0.3 wt% Mo–0.02 wt% Nb (‘A’ hereinafter)was mainly composed of bainite. By contrast, the microstructure of steels with 0.2 wt% Mo–0.13 wt% Ti (‘B’ hereinafter)consisted of ferrite with a high density of nano-sized (Ti,Mo)-rich MX precipitates. The results showed that the bainiticmicrostructure (‘A’ steel) was quite favorable to high-temperature strength and thermal stability. The yield strength of ‘A’ steelat both room and 600 °C temperatures increased consistently with increasing thermal exposure time (600 °C/200–1000 h),since the precipitation of NbC particles occurred while maintaining bainitic ferrite platelets with a high density of dislocationsduring exposure. In the ‘B’ steel, the formation of nano-sized (Ti,Mo)-rich MX particles was effective to impededislocation movement, leading to excellent plasticity (lower yield ratio) at room temperature. However, their contributionto precipitation hardening was not so much at 600 °C, as compared to the bainitic strengthening. During low cycle fatiguetests at room temperature, the main different feature between the two steels is that the ‘A’ steel showed cyclic softeningwhile cyclic hardening was evident in the ‘B’ steel. The bainitic microstructure showed a better fatigue life due to increasedductility manifested by cyclic softening, by which dislocation cell was developed.

Wind Fragility of Glass Windows with Tape and Film Reinforcement

Sim,Viriyavudh,Jung,WooYoung 한국방재학회 2019 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.19 No.6

강풍에 의한 손상은 보나 기둥 등 주구조요소에 대한 피해보다는 대부분의 손상피해가 지붕, 창문 등의 비구조요소에 주로 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 국립방재연구원에서 수행한 창호내풍성능시험 결과를 토대로 아파트 창호에 사용된 유리부재의 보강방법에 따른 취약성 평가를 연구하였다. 성능실험에서는 16mm 두께의 유리와 5mm 두께의 유리, 테이프로 보강된 16mm 두께의 유리, 필름으로 보강된 5mm 두께의 유리 등 총 4종류의 창호 내 유리 시험체에 대하여 내풍성능을 실험하였으며 이들 결과를 토대로 5층 및 10층 아파트 시공 시 각각 강풍 취약도 평가를 수행하였다. 다양한 내풍조건을 모사하기 위하여 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션 기법을 적용하여 유리창 표면에 발생 가능한 풍속을 생성하였으며 이후 유리의 보강성능에 따라 각각의 확률론적 강풍 취약성을 평가하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 도출된 결과는 강풍 발생 시 시공된 유리의 보강방법에 따라 예상되는 손상확률을 결과적으로 제시하였다. Damages caused by strong winds are not restricted to main load-bearing structural elements such as beams and columns. Most damages are attributed to a breach in the envelope structures such as the roof, window, and door. In this study, the wind fragility of the glass used in residential apartment windows was developed based on the results of a window aerodynamic performance test report from the Korea National Disaster Management Research Institute. Four types of window glass systems were tested, which included 16 mm and 5 mm glass without attachments, 16 mm glass with tape reinforcement, and 5 mm glass with film reinforcement. Furthermore, to simulate the usage of these glasses in apartment windows, two simplified 5- and 10-storey building models were created to represent low-rise and high-rise buildings, respectively. Both building models consisted of one glass window on each floor. Subsequently, the Monte Carlo simulation method was used to generate random wind on the glass window surface, and the probabilities of failure as well as analytical fragilities were determined. A comparison between the glass windows in each building model and that between the different glass reinforcements was conducted. The fragility parameters showed a failure wind speed similar to the values determined in the experiment. However, the probabilistic results had more potential to precisely explain the performance of glass windows in terms of the expected failure probability, compared with the deterministic results that had only two explanations, i.e., the glass breaks or does not break at a specific wind speed.

VERTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE GLOBAL HAZE ON TITAN DEDUCED FROM METHANE BAND SPECTROSCOPY BETWEEN 7100 AND 9200Å

Sim, Chae-Kyung,Kim, Sang-Joon,Kim, Joo-Hyeon,Seo, Haing-Ja,Jung, Ae-Ran,Kim, Ji-Hyun The Korean Astronomical Society 2008 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.41 No.3

We have investigated the optical properties of the global haze on Titan from spectra recorded between 7100 and $9200{\AA}$, where $CH_4$ absorption bands of various intensities occur. The Titan spectra were obtained on Feb. 23, 2005 (UT), near the times of the Cassini T3 flyby and Huygens probe, using an optical echelle spectrograph (BOES) on the 1.8-m telescope at Bohyunsan Observatory in Korea. In order to derive the optical properties of the haze as a function of altitude, we developed an inversion radiative-transfer program using an atmospheric model of Titan and laboratory $CH_4$ absorption coefficients available from the literature. The derived extinction coefficients of the haze increase toward the surface, and the coefficients at shorter wavelengths are greater than those at longer wavelengths for the 30 - 120 km altitude range, indicating that the Titanian haze becomes optically thin toward the longer wavelength range. Total optical depths of the haze are estimated to be 1.4 and 1.2 for the 7270 - $7360{\AA}$ and 8940 - $9150{\AA}$ ranges, respectively. Based on the Huygens/DISR data set, Tomasko et al. (2005) reported total optical depths of 2.5 - 3.5 at $8290{\AA}$, depending on the assumed fractal aggregate particle model. The total optical depths based on our results are smaller than those of Tomasko et al., but they partially overlap with their results if we consider a large uncertainty from possible variations of the $CH_4$ mixing ratio over Titan's disk. We also derived the single scattering albedo of the haze particles as a function of altitude: it is less than 0.5 at altitudes higher than ${\sim}150\;km$, and approaches 1.0 toward the surface. This behavior suggests that, at altitudes above ${\sim}150\;km$, the average particle radius is smaller than the wavelengths, whereas near the surface, it becomes comparable or greater.

혈관과증식을 동반한 구개부 선방세포암의 치험례

김상중,심재환,박정훈,이원학,이정구 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2000 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.22 No.6

Vascular lesions of the oral and maxillofacial area is interesting to clinicians because it is difficult in management and has poor prognosis. There have been attempt to classify vascular lesion and recently new classification is introduced that have two basic entities, 1) hemangioma, 2) vascular malformation. It is useful that evaluation of lesion, treatment planning and predicting on prognosis. But vascular lesion is still difficult to clinicians about treatment. A case of acidic cell carcinoma combined with hypervascularity arising on the hard palate in a 28-year-old woman is reported. We mistook it for vascular lesion because of hypervascularity. The clinical and histologic feature are described. Literatures about neovascularization of tumor & acidic cell carcinoma are reviewd, too. And we attempt to solve the problem of hypervascularity.

테미스토클레스 무덤과 유골의 귀환

변정심 ( Jung Sim Byun ) 대구사학회 2015 대구사학 Vol.118 No.-

살라미스 해전의 영웅, 테미스토클레스는 반역자로 낙인 찍혀 망명지 페르시아의 마그네시아에서 기원전 459년 삶을 마감하였다. 그가 죽은 후 마그네시아의 아고라에 무덤이 있었고 조상(彫像), 묘비 등이 세워졌다. 이곳에 유골의 매장 여부를 확인할 수는 없다. 그가 사망한 후 유골은 아티카 지방으로 옮겨와서 비밀리에 묻었다는 소문이 퍼져나갔다. 기원전 450년대 아들들이 아테네로 귀국하면서 부친의 유골을 가져왔을 수 있다. 혹은 기원전 430년대 펠로폰네소스 전쟁 초 전염병으로 고통을 받던 아테네인들이 델포이 신탁에 따라서 유골을 옮겨왔을 수도 있다. 기원전 5세기 후반 피레우스에 테미스토클레스의 곶이 나타나고 무덤과 결부되었다. 기원전 390년대 초 아테네는 국력을 회복하고 해군력의 부활을 열망하며 피레우스 성벽과 장성을 재건하기 시작하였다. 기원전 395년 유골은 자손들 의해 옮겨져 있었는데 민회의 결정에 따라 피레우스의 대항구 근처 알키모스 곶에 무덤이 건설되었다. 이는 해군력 강화 정책의 중요성을 인식하고 기원전 394년 코논이 크니도스 해전에서 승리하는데 상징적 역할을 하였다. 테미스토클레스 무덤은 살라미스 해협과 프시탈리아 섬에서의 승리를 기억하기 좋은 위치에 자리하고 있다. 기원전 4세기 초 아테네는 제해권회복을 열망하였다. 해군의 창설과 더불어 항구를 요새화하여 해상제국의 토대를 마련한 테미스토클레스의 위업이 대중의 기억 속에서 되살아났다. 이는 유골을 찾아내고 확인하여 무덤의 건설을 통해 해상제국을 부흥시키고 국가정체성을 강화하는 기념비로 삼고자 하였다. 무덤과 유골 귀환 전승은 해상권의 부흥을 추구하던 아테네인들에 의해서 재구성된 집단 기억이라 할 수 있다. Byun, Jung-Sim[Abstract]This article aims to examine the truth of Themistocles`` tomb and his bones`` return. There were two main arguments about where Themistocles was buried: Magnesia or somewhere in Attica. After he died in Magnesia, the memorial was built in the agora of Magnesia, and later it was ornamented by a statue and a tombstone. However, Thucydides stated that the bones of Themistocles had been brought out of Magnesia and secretly reburied somewhere in Attica. He never mentioned the place and its form. The great statesman’s bones, however, were reported to be buried in Piraeus. In the decade after the Peloponnesian War, Athenian restored national strength and planned to reconstruct the rampart and Long Walls of Piraeus. The tomb of Themistocles was built for the purpose of intensifying its national identity as a symbol of Konon``s Victory. It is located at the entrance of Grand Harbour to the Piraeus on the south. The site is regarded as the nearest spot to Psyttaleia and Salamis, and the best place to bury the remains of Themistocles, the hero of the Battle of Salamis. Athenians built his tomb to intensify the navy policy for the command of the sea, fortify the port of Piraeus, and remind the achievements of the hero of the Persian War.

한국 기혼여성의 일상적 삶의 질 향상에 관한 연구 (3) : 한국 기혼여성의 삶의 질 향상을 위한 프로그램 개발 연구 Development of A Program for the Enhancement of Korean Married Women's Quality of Life

김정자,최순,김선희,정영숙,김경연,심혜숙,문소정 부산대학교 여성연구소 1999 여성학연구 Vol.9 No.1

The purpose of this study was to develop a program for the enhancement of Korean married women's quality of life(LQ) based on the results of the first year study(1996) and the second year research(1998). In order to construct a program, a psycological type test was conducted to 505 women and four preliminary programs were carried out focusing on self-esteem, understanding of one's own personality dynamics, efficient communication, positive emotion, social belongingness and expressions of feelings of unfinished business. For the final program, Jung's theory of psychological type(MBTI), Satir's family therapy approach and psychodrama were applied. An experimental and a control group were designed consisting 16 women for each group. The program was carried out for 6 weeks for the experimental group. The result of treatment were as follows: l)There was a difference statistically in LQ related to family harmony, self-achievement and improvement of relationship with in-laws. 2)There was a statistical change in psychological factors of expression of feelings, self-esttem, communication, and positive emotions. 3) The program participants self reports indicate that the program was effective for the reconstruction of family relationship, self-understanding, group coherence, and instillation of hope. The reports also shows that the program was effective for the perceptual changes in parent-child, wife-husband and siblings' relationships. In conclusion, the program developed for the enhancement of Korean married women's life quality(LQ) based on the Jung's psychological type theory, Satir's family therapy approach and psychodrama was effective for the improvement of LQ.

지황(地黃)의 품질평가

정은아,김희정,심상범,김종우,김남재,Jung, Eun-Ah,Kim, Hee-Jung,Sim, Sang-Bum,Kim, Jong-Woo,Kim, Nam-Jae 한국생약학회 2000 생약학회지 Vol.31 No.2

The dried roots of Rehmannia glutinosa (RG) have been used in the traditional medicine for treatment of diabetes, fever and dysuria, etc. In order to investigate the quality evaluation of the dried roots of RG, we conducted the physico-chemical and biological evaluation method. The amount of catalpol from commercial samples is very diverse about $0.00{\sim}3.89%$ by using HPLC method, because it is easily decomposed by processing of RG. So, we should try to identify the correlation with the contents of catalpol and biological activities of RG. We chose 3 samples which were a wide difference of catalpol contents between each sample (Sample-I; 3.4%, Sample-II; 2.8%, Sample-III; 0.05%). Sample-I and Sample-II were found to be more effective than Sample-III on the DPPH free radical scavenging effect and inhibitory effect on $H_2O_2-catalyzed$ lipid peroxidation in rat liver in vitro. And, Sample-I and Sample-II exhibited more significant effects than Sample-III on accelerating actions of the small and large intestinal transport, and diuretic action in mice. So, it is suggested that the quantitative determination of catalpol should be required for the tandardization of the dried roots of RG.

The Function of Dimeric Structure of Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (sICAM-1): Inhibition of Leukocyte Function Associated Antigen-1 (LFA-1) Binding to ICAM-3

Choi, Suck-Chei,Han, Weon-Cheol,Park, Do-Sim,Kim, Eun-Cheol,Oh, Hyun-Mee,Oh, Jung-Mi,Jun, Chang-Duk The Korean Society for Microbiology 2002 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.32 No.1

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is a membrane protein, exists as a dimer on the cell surface, and interacts with leukocyte function associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), a member of ${\beta}_2$-integrin family. A soluble circulating form of ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) is also detected in human serum, and has been implicated as a regulator for LFA-1-dependent cell-cell interaction in vivo. However, previous reports demonstrated that sICAM-1 shows little inhibitory effect on LFA-1 binding to ICAM-1, indicating that sICAM-1 is unlikely to antagonize LFA-1/ICAM-1-mediated cellular events in vivo. Here, we investigated the property of the dimeric sICAM-1 as an inhibitor of LFA-1 interaction with ICAM-3, since the lower avidity of LFA-1 for ICAM-3 compared with ICAM-1 or ICAM-2 had been speculated. Using recently constructed heterodimeric sICAM-1 joined at the C terminus via an ${\alpha}$-helical coiled coil (ACID-BASE) (Jun, CD. et al., 2001, Proc Natl Acad Sci 98, 6830-6835), we also tested whether the structural integrity in dimer could affect the inhibitory action of sICAM-1. Engineered sICAM-1 dimer that contained intact ectodomain (E34/E34) significantly blocked SKW3 cell (LFA-$1^+$) binding to ICAM-3, but not to ICAM-1 and ICAM-2, indicating the lower avidity of LFA-1 to ICAM-3 than that of both ICAM-1 and ICAM-2. A one binding site knock out mutant (E34/K34) showed ${\sim}2$-fold reduction in efficiency compared with E34/E34 to inhibit cell binding. Interestingly, a one binding domain deletion mutant (E34/${\Delta}D1$-D2) showed significant reduction (${\sim}5$-fold) compare with E34/K34, suggesting that structural integrity, which is precluded in E34/${\Delta}D1$-D2, is necessary for optimal binding of dimeric sICAM-1 to LFA-1, thereby inhibiting LFA-1/ICAM-3-dependent adhesion. Furthermore, BIAcore affinity measurements revealed that E34/${\Delta}D1$-D2 bound to immobilized soluble open LFA-1 I domain with an ${\sim}3$-fold reduced affinity compared with E34/K34. Overall, our results demonstrate that maintaining the structural integrity in dimer is necessary for optimal binding of sICAM-1 to LFA-1, and further suggest the therapeutic potential of dimeric sICAM-1 to antagonize LFA-1/ICAM-3-mediated cellular events in vivo.

大田 鷄足山城의 考古學的 檢討

沈正輔 동아대학교 박물관 2000 考古歷史學志 Vol.16 No.-