초등학교 아동을 위한 리더십 프로그램 개발

김정효,정인숙,김신래,엄화정 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2007 교육과학연구 Vol.38 No.3

학교교육과정에서는 자율성의 확대에 밀려 타인배려와 공동체에 대한 책임의식 교육은 상대적으로 열세의 위치에 처해있다. 그러나 21세기 정보화 산업구조에서는 한개인에게 리더이자 동시에 멤버로서의 역할을 요구하고 있다. 특별히 학령기 아동에있어서는 또래 집단 형성이라는 사회성 발달 과업의 특성이 초등학교아동기에 ‘자신이가진 독특한 자질을 발휘하여 공동체의 유익을 위해 영향을 발휘할 수 있는 능력’ 으로서의 리더십 교육을 필요로 한다. 본 연구에서는 자신자질에 대한 이해를 기반으로 자신감을 가지도록 하는 심리적요소, 자신 뿐 아니라 공동체의 유익을 중요한 삶의 목적이 되어야 한다는 가치적 요소, 그리고 의사소통능력, 대인관계기술 등의 기술적 요소를 기반으로 하는 초등학교고학년 아동을 위한 5일간의 단기 리더십 프로그램을 개발하였다. 서울 시내 한 사립초등학교 5학년을 대상으로 형성평가를 위한 예비실행연구를 하였고, 아동의 자기평가와 교사와의 면담을 통해 개발된 리더십프로그램은 대체로 심리적, 가치적, 기술적요소에 효과를 가지고 온 것으로 보였다. 특히 리더십이란 특정 개인에게만 있는 것이아니라 모두에게 잠재되어 있다는 인식의 전환을 가져옴으로써 자신감과 리더십 개념획득에 두드러진 효과를 가지고 오는 것으로 보였다. This study is to develop a leadership program for elementary school children. Due to extension of freedom, education of responsibility such as taking care ofothers and consideration of community is inferior in the school education. However, in information-oriented society asks for an individual to become aleader and a member at the same time. In addition, specific character of creatingpeer group in children of school age makes it more necessary educate "ability todisplay individual's specific quality for benefit of community". In this study, based on including psychological factor to understand themselvesto bring their confidence, value factor that benefit for the community has to bethe reason for their life and technological factors such as communicating skillsand interpersonal relationship, 5day short-trial for senior students of elementaryschool was developed. A preliminary inspection was held to 5th graders in anelementary school in Seoul. In result, our leadership program gave positive effecton psychological factor, value factor and technological factors. Especially, thisprogram was effective to give confidence and rearranged the definition ofleadership by the idea that leadership is not for the certain individuals buteveryone has their potentials.

SEK1 카이네이즈 과발현(overexpression)생쥐 대식세포주(RAW264,7)의 Nitric Oixde(NO)유도성 세포고사 (apoptosis) 기전에 관한 연구

정병학,소홍섭,박래길,정헌택 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1998 圓光醫科學 Vol.14 No.2

Nitric oxide (NO) induces apoptotic cell death in murine RAW 264.7 macrophages. To A elucidate the NO-induced apoptotic mechanisms in SEK1/MKK4 overexpressed RAW 264.7 cells, we generated clones of RAW 264.7 cells which stably overexpressd kinase inactive SEK1 (RAW/SEK1-KI) or wild type SEK1 (RAW/SEK1-WT). Treatment of kinase inactive SEK1 transfected RAW 264.7 cells (RAW/SEK1-KI) with sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, significantly decreased the cell viability than that of RAW control cells which were treated with the same amount of SNP. However, RAW/SEK1-WT cells were less susceptible to NO induced apoptosis. Furthermore, the treatment of NO with farnesyltransferase inhibitor (FTI) of Ras or MEK inhibitor (PD098059) significantly increased the apoptotic death of RAW/SEK1-KI. However, SB203580, a specific p38 inhibitor, did not affect NO-induced apoptosis of kinase inactive SEK1 transfected RAW 264.7 cells. For a while, caspase 3-like protease activity in NO plus FTI treated RAW/SEK1-KI cells were more increased than that of NO only. In addition, nuclear transcription factor kB (NFkB) was significantly activated in NO-treated RAW/SEK1-KI cells, whereas these transcriptional factor was not markedly activated in NO-treated RAW/SEK1-WT cells. Supershift analysis demonstrates that NFkB was composed of mainly p50 homodimer. Also pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), a strong inhibitor of NFkB, significantly inhibits the NO-induced apoptosis in RAW/SEK1-KI cells. Taken together, we suggest that SEK1 may play anti-apoptotic role in RAW cells from NO-induced apoptosis via the modulation of NFkB. In addition, in the absence of SEK1 kinase cascade activation, the viability of RAW cells may be mainly dependent on Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway.

하악전돌증에서 하악지 시상분할골절단 및 Screw고정후 골성회귀에 관한 연구

김명래,최장우,윤정훈,이창국 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1996 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.18 No.4

Skeletal and dental changes were examined in 38 patients of mandibular prognathism who been treated by a bilateral sagittal split osteotomy(SSRO) and internal fixation using titanium mini-screws. All patients were followed up for over 8 months after the surgeries, and postoperative cephalometric measurements were compared at 2 months and at 8 months. Linear measurements of the “Pog-most posterior screws” and angular measurementsts of “SN-Pog”were compared to figure out the change of bony fragments. The significancy of data were tested by unpaired T-test. The results were as follows : 1. The fixation screws were changed in cephalometric position as little as 0.32 2.51㎜ in SSRO and 0.15 1.00㎜ in SSRO & Le Fort I Osteotomy.(P<0.05) 2. Mandibular set-back over 5㎜ resulted in less stability of the fixation screws and higher relapse tendency. 3. The internal fixation using two screws along the inferior border and one on the superior ridge is considered to be very resistant to postoperative relapse of the repositioned bony segments.

HgCdTe 제작 다이오드 어레이의 열처리에 따른 전기적 특성

이정환,권순석,김명녕,이상래,황문구 大田産業大學校 2001 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.18 No.-

This paper is investigated on the study of uniformity improvement and electrical characteristics for the 1×128 diode array used Hg^0.7Cd^0.3Te. The electrical characteristics were measured for the device manufactured by several different annealing processes and temperatures being discrepant from existing method of annealing processes and temperatures. The results of uniformity were improved from 60∼80[%], the rate of existing uniformity, to 99[%]. The results obtained from analyzing and examining the characteristics of current-voltage(I-V) and capacitance-voltage(C-V) are following. First, the reverse current show 6[㎁] or so. It is seemed to be resulted from the decrease of direct tunneling and trap tunneling of the device. Second, when the input bias voltage is zero, the maximum value of reverse resistance show 12[GΩ], and the mean value of reverse resistance show 5[GΩ]. Third, it is shown that the voltage of the maximum value of resistance is shifted 0.1[V] to the reverse direction.

강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터

조정식,이광래,유동석,강석원 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1996 석재연 논문집 Vol.1 No.-

석회유의 탄산화반응에 의하여 생성되는 탄산칼슘의 결정화공정에 대한 정량적 해석을 위하여 개체군 수지식(population balance)을 이산화(discretization)하는 방법에 의해 반회분식 침전결정화기에서 생성된 탄산칼슘의 입도분포를 수치모사하여 실험치와 비교하였다. 수치모사에 의한 탄산칼슘의 입도분포는 실험치와 잘 일치하였으며, 응집이 입자크기에 의존(size-dependent agglomeration)한다고 가정한 경우가 응집이 입자크기와는 무관(size-independent agglomeration)하다고 가정한 경우보다 실험치에 더 근사한 결과를 보였다. 또한, 응집핵(agglomeration kernel)이 깨어짐핵(rupture kernel)보다 입도분포에 미치는 영향이 더 큰 것을 알 수 있었다. For the quantitative analysis of crystallization of calcium carbonate formed by carbonation of lime milk, PSD(particle size distribution) of the calcium carbonate, which is the carbonation product of lime milk, was numerically simulated by the method of discretization of population balance and compared with the experimental data of semi-batch precipitative crystallizer. The simulated PSD was well correlated with the experimental data. And the simulated results of PSD for size-dependent agglomeration were well-matched to the experimental data than for the size-independent agglomeration. Moreover, it was shown that agglomeration kernel had greater effects on PSD than rupture kernel.

유방암과 그 전구 병변의 Cyclin-dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21과 Ki-67의 발현

박용래,이중달 한양대학교 의과대학 1999 한양의대 학술지 Vol.19 No.2

Dysregulation of the cell cycle is a hallmark of human cancers. The cell cycle is governed by cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk), the activity of which is regulated by binding of negative effectors, the cdk inhibiors. p21^cipl is a cdk inhibitor which inhibits progression from G_1 into S phase in the cell cycle. Ki-67 is a marker for proliferation cell index. Both p21 and Ki-67 expressions are altered in a variety of human cancers including cancer of the breast. The significance of these altered expressions have been yet to be defined The author investigated p21 and Ki-67 levels in breast lesions by immunohistochemical stain. The breast lesions consist of 13 cases of adenosis and sclerosing adenosis, 4 cases of atypical ductal hyperplasia, 7 cases of intraductal carcioma, and 9 cases of invasive ductal carcinomas. 1. p21 and Ki-67 are not expressed in cells of the normal duct, acinus, adenosis and sclerosing adenosis. 2. Atypical ductal hyperplasia shows low levels of expression in both p21 and Ki-67. Their expression levels appear correlated. 3. p21 are expressed in high level in intraductal carcinomas whereas Ki-67 expression is low. Their expression levels are inversely correlated. 4. In invasive ductal carcinomas reduced levels of p21 and high levels of Ki-67 are found, levels of which appear inversely correlated between two markers. In summary of the results, the expression of p21 protein and Ki-67 in lesions of atypical ductal hyperplasia appears positively correlated, whereas intraductal and invasive carcinomas show inverse correlation between two markers. The high level of p21 in intraductal carcinomas and reduced level in invasive carcinoma suggest that intraductal carcinoma consists mainly of malignant cells in G_1 phase and genetically unstable cells responding to DNA damage.

파노라마방사선사진과 다면상재구성 CT상의 치조골 높이 계측에 대한 비교 연구

지정현,이상래,이병도 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2004 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.34 No.3

Purpose : To compare alveolar bony height of pantomograph with bony height of thin slice, multiplanar reformatted (MPR) Computed Tomograph. Materials and Methods : Panoramic radiograms of 12 young adult patients had been taken by one radologic technitian and the measurements were corrected by magnification ratio (1.20). The slice thickness of Multi-detector Computed Tomography (CT) was at least 1mm for the accuracy. The raw CT datas were imported into the V-works 4.0 (CyberMed Corp., Seoul, Korea) and transformed to MPR images. Pantomographic measurements of alveolar bone were compared to CT values by average mean bony height measurements for the accuracy. Inter-, and Intraobserver variability was evaluated. Results : There was no significant differences between height measurement of pantomography and that of CT (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in either inter- or intra-observer measurements (P>0.05). Conclusion : Pantomography showed relatively high accuracy and precision in measuring alveolar bony height.

荳科采蔬의 栽培方法改善에 關한 硏究(第2報) : 강남콩의 品種特性比較 및 生長調節物質 處理에 依한 熟期調節 Evalustion of Bean Cultivars and Ways of Concentrating Pod Harvest by means of Chemical Sprays

李政明,李承雨,金侊來 경희대학교 부설 식량자원개발연구소 1982 硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.-

From the cultivar evaluation experiments conducted in 1981, 'Harvester' and 'Improved Tendergreen' (green-podded cv.) and 'Surecrop Stringless Wax' and 'Royal Burgundy' (yellow-podded cv.) were ranked high on the basis of total pod yield, pod to plant weight ratio, and shape. Number of root nodules per gram dry root varied considerably depending upon the cultivars. Among the cultivars tested, 'Topcrop' and 'Tendercrop' showed the highest nodule number. Ethephon 25-50 ppm, sprayed after considerable pod set, was effective in increasing once-over-harvested pod yield. Number of root nodules pet plant or per gram dry root was not influenced by the chemical sprays.

청각장애자 운동지도를 위한 프로그램 고찰

김정수,박정래,노일환,원충희,김흥식,강신일,박찬홍,김달영,이철원,이찬규 公州大學校스포츠科學硏究所 1987 스포츠科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.1

Hearing impairement in varying degrees constitutes one of the most common disabilites affecting school aged children. Eight out of every 1,000 students under the age of twenty have significant hearing loss. Hearing disabilities range from slight to total loss of sound perception. Statistics indicate that only one out of every ten hearing impaired children will become deaf. Most motor activities can be included students may possess low levels of static and/ or dynamic balance, but the greatest majority possess normal motor and physical capabilities. All the hearing impaired youngsters should be properly assessed and given the identical testing batteries as normal children. Hearing impaired students have, essentialy, a communication handicap and suffer from inability to understand verbal instructions. All physical educators should be able to use minimal finger spelling and signing for hearing impaired students.

減壓貯藏이 Tomato果實의 着色에 미치는 영향

趙來光,崔鍾旭,孫泰華 COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE KYUNGPOOK NATIONAL UNIVERSI 1984 慶北大農學誌 Vol.2 No.-

This experiment was conducted to observe the effect of subatmospheric pressure storage on the coloration of tomato fruits. Tomato fruits(Lycopersicon esculentum Kang Lyuk Misu), which were cultured on field, were havested at the mature green stage on June 16, 1976 and stored 10℃ under normal atmospheric pressure (NAP) and sub-atmospheric pressure (SAP). Furthermore, the treatment at SAP was subdivided into CO_(2) 0%(SAP-O), CO_(2) 5% (SAP-5) and CO_(2) 10%(SAP-10) concentration, respectively. The results obtained were as follows : The chlorophyll content was rapidly decreased for 10 days, whereas the content of chlorophyll in SAP treatment was retained 2㎎% after 40 days. The lycopene content in NAP-5 was 5㎎% after 20 days. On the other hand, that in SAP-10 was 3㎎% art after 40 days. The red color development was retarded for 30 days in SAP-10. Comparing with the formation of lycopene, that of carotene was less inhibited by storage conditions (carbon dioxide, temperature, pressure) and increased more slightly in SAP than in NAP. The ripening of tomato fruits in NAP was retarded for about 30 days as compared that in SAP. The intensity of respiration in SAP was weaker than that in NAP. Also the peak of respiration in SAP was delayed compared to that of NAP. The content of reducing sugar and titratable acidity in SAP were retained more than in NAP up to 30 days tested.