Seasonal phenology and damage by Singapora shinshana (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and other leafhoppers on ornamental trees in Korea

Kim Hyun‐guk,Kabir Md. Faisal,An Hyeon Jeong,Mwamula Abraham Okki,Oh Sumin,Jung Sunghoon,Lee Dong Woon 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.9

Singapora shinshana is a leafhopper native to mid-Asia with a specific host range and is one of the least studied species within the genus. Recently, the species has been found to cause significant damage to host plants including ornamental trees, normally inflicted by its sucking behavior. This study uncovered more details on host and season preference of S. shinshana, damage potential and symptoms caused by its feeding behavior on ornamental trees in Korea, in addition to other records of other leafhoppers of economic importance. During the sticky trap survey period from 2017 to 2019, 12 leafhopper species were recovered from the eight selected ornamental tree species. Singapora shinshana was the most dominant species, constituting 94.8% of the total collected leafhopper population; with its highest incidence observed on Prunus serrulata, followed by Elaeagnus umbellata and Pseudocydonia sinensis. The high abundance on P. serrulata correlated with high damaged leaf percentages of 94.2%, 95.2%, and 98.1% in October 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. Interestingly, in terms of damaged leaf percentage, Rosa hybrida and Zelkova serrata were the second and third most damaged hosts despite the significantly lower population of the leafhopper on these trees. Furthermore, S. shinshana counts increased from late-July to late-September, with the peak evident during early August. Prunus serrulata can therefore be taken as one of the main host plants of S. shinshana. However, the potential of the host to suffer damage is not limited to population densities of the pest alone but also susceptibility and tolerance of the host plant.

산업단지 및 일반생활 지역의 공기 중 톨루엔에 대한 개인노출 및 생체시료의 상관성 분석

이병준(Byoungjun Lee),허 정(Jung Heo),정다영(Dayoung Jung),김순신(Sunshin Kim),류현수(Hyeon-Su Ryu),최민지(Min-Ji Choi),솨이지엔페이(Jian-Fei Shuai),임성국(Sung-Guk Im),양원호(Wonho Yang) 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation relationship between personal exposure and urinary hippuric acid in biological monitoring for airborne toluene in an industrial complex and in general environments. Methods: Personal exposure to toluene and its metabolite, hippuric acid, in urine were simultaneously measured in occupational environments area near an industrial complex and in general environments. The study subjects were divided into three types: 137 workers who use organic solvents in the workplace, 210 residents living near a dyeing industrial complex, and 379 residents living in general environments. The toluene exposures of workers and residents were measured by a passive sampler for four days. The urine of participants was sampled when the passive samplers of personal exposure were collected. Results: The toluene and hippuric acid concentrations of workers were the highest, followed by the concentrations of residents living near a dyeing industrial complex and residents living in general environments. The coefficient of correlation between the concentrations of toluene and hippuric acid among workers was 0.749 (p<0.01) in the workplace. On the contrary, correlations between the concentrations of toluene and hippuric acid among residents living near a dyeing industrial complex and residents living in general environments were all not significant. The relationship between the concentrations of hippuric acid and toluene in three types could be described by the exponential growth model. Conclusions: This study analyzed the relationships between toluene exposure and the concentrations of hippuric acid in urine in high, middle, and low exposure environments, and could be described by the exponential growth model.

Streptozotocin-당뇨병 백서에서 당뇨병 이환기간에 따른 대동맥의 이완능 저하 및 Oxygen-Free Radical에 의한 이완능의 손상정도

김정국,김신우,김수동,서예경,하승우,김보완,백운이,권삼,강승완 경북대학교 병원 1997 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.1 No.1

목적: 당뇨병의 이환기간이 혈관의 내피세포 의존성 및 비의존성 이완능의 저하에 미치는 영향과 이환기간에 따라 oxygen-free radical(OFR)에 의한 동맥이완능의 손상정도에 차이가 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: Streptozotocin(STZ)으로 당뇨병이 유도된 3 주 및 10주째의 백서군과 연령이 비슷한 정상 대조백서군의 적출 대동맥환을 norepinephrine으로 수축시킨 상태에서 내피세포 의존성 이완제인 acetylcholine(ACh) 및 비의존성 이완제인 nitroglycerine(NTG)에 대한 이완능을 즉정하여 비교 관찬하였다. 또한 xanthine과 xanthine oxidase의 혼합으로 생성된 H₂O₂에 대동맥환을 노출시킨뒤 역시 ACh과 NTG에 대한 이완능의 손상정도를 비교하였다. 결과: 3주및 10주째 당뇨병 백서의 대동맥환은 모두 대조군 백서의 대동맥환에 비해 ACh에 대한 이완능이 유의하게 감소하였으며 10주째 당뇨병 백서군에서의 ACh에대한 이완능의 저하는 3 주째 당뇨병 백서군에 비해 유의하게 심하였다.H₂O₂에 노출시킨 뒤 ACh에대한 이완능은 3주 및 10주 째 당뇨병 백서군에서 모두 대조군에 비해 유의하게 심한 손상을 보였으나 3주와 10주째 당뇨병 백서군 사이의 손상정도의 차이가 통계학적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 한편 3주 및 10주째 당뇨병 백서군 모두 NTH에 대한 대동맥환의 이완능은 대조 백서군과 별다른 차이가 없었으며 또 H₂O₂에 노출시킨 뒤에도 NTG에 대한 이완능의 손상은 관찰되지 않았다. 결론: STZ-당뇨병백서에서 대동맥의 이완능은 당뇨병에 이환된지 3 주째에 이미 ACh에 대한 내피세포 의존성 이완능이 선택적으로 저하되며 당뇨병의 이환기간이 길수록 이완능의 저하가 심하였고, OFR에 의한 동맥 이완능의 손상도 내피세포 의존성 이완능에만 선택적으로 나타나나 이환기간에 따라 OFR에 의한 이완능 손상정도에는 뚜렷한 차이가 없음을 시사하고 있다. Objectives: Diabetes mellitus produces histological evidence of endothelial as well as changes in vascular function in experimental animal. Oxygen free radicals interfere with of destroy endothelium-dependent relaxation in normal and diabetic blood vessels. The present study was investigated whether the duration of diabetic state can affect the severity of impairment in endothelium-dependent and/or independent relaxation and the sensitivity to oxygen free fadical (OFR)-induced damage in diabetic rat vasculature. Methods: The relaxative responses of aortic ring precontracted with norepinephrine in vitro to cumulative concentrations of acetylcholine (ACh) and nitroglycerine (NTG) were conducted in 3- and 10- week streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats and agematched controls. After exposure to H₂O₂generated by mixing xanthine and xanthine oxidase, the degree of impairment in relaxative responses to ACh and NTG were also compared between 3- and 10-week diabetic rats. Results: The relaxative responses of aortic rings produced by cumulative concentrations of ACh were significantly lower in both 3- and 10-week diabetic rats than in the age-matched controls. The impairments of relaxative responses to ACh in 10-week diabetic rats were significantly greater than those in 3-week ones. After H₂O₂ exposure, the impairments of relaxative responses to ACh in 3- and 10-week diabetic aortas was also significantly greater than those in the control in the control ones. However, the severity of H₂O₂-induced damage in 10-week diabetic aortas was not significantly different than that in 3-week ones. In contrast, aortic rings of 3- and 10-week diabetic rats could still be fully relaxed by NTG, even after exposure to H₂O₂. Conclusion: These findings suggest that in SRZ-diabetic rat aortas selective impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation to Ach can be found early even over a 3-week period after the induction of diabetes and the impairment may be greater in those with the longer duration of the diabetic state and that the impairment of the vascular relaxation by OFR is also selective to endothelium-dependent response but the sensitivity of OFR-induced damage may not be related to the duration of the diabetic state.

준와도 방정식을 이용한 동해 eddy의 수중음속 계산

나정열,팽동국 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 1995 環境科學論文集 Vol.16 No.-

Munk가 제안한 대양에서의 “표준해양(Canonical Ocean)”을 근거로 한국 동해의 표준해양 음속분포를 구했다. 이 때 음속은 국립 수산진흥원에서 27년(1961-1987)동안 격월로 관측한 수온과 염분자료로 Medwin(1975) 공식을 사용해서 계산하였으며 최소 음속층은 대양과는 달리 400m에 존재했다. 이러한 표준해양에 eddy로 인한 음속 변화를 준와도 방정식(Scully-Power, 1988)을 이용해서 이론적으로 계산한 값과 현장관측으로부터 구한 한국 동해에 출현하는 eddy 내의 음속분포를 비교하였다. 1979년 4월 수산진흥원 정선 102에서 관측된 eddy는 이론적으로 계산된 값과 표층을 제외하고는 약 5m/s 이내의 오차범위내에서 잘 일치하였다. 1988년 4월과 1992년 4월 인공위성에서 찍은 표층 수온 분포를 통해 음속의 수직 분포를 이론적으로 계산한 결과 관측값과 약 10m/s의 차이를 보였다. 또한 eddy 내의 해류를 계산했는데 수평적 분포는 시계방향의 순환을 하는 warm eddy의 특성을 잘 보여준다. 수직적으로는 표층에서 최대값을 가지며 수심에 따라 지수함수적으로 감소하여 800m 에서 2㎝/s 값을 갖는다. The canonical ocean sound speed profile of the East Sea of Korea was obtained by using the Munk's model(1974) in that, the sound speed was calculated by the Medwin(1975)'s formula from the bimonthly temperature and salinity data of the FRDA(Fisheries Research & Development Agency) for 27 years(1961-1987). The depth of sound channel axis exists at the 400m depth in the East Sea of Korea. The sound speed perturbed by eddies of the East Sea of Korea was theoretically calculated in three dimensions by using the quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity equation(Scully-Power, 1988). The observed sound speed profiles of eddies in the East Sea of Korea were compared with the ones calculated theoretically. The sound speed profiles of the eddy observed along the Line 102 in April 1979, except the surface, showed the same tendency and magnitude with the one calculated theoretically within 5m/s error range. The vertical sound speed profiles in April 1988 and 1992 were also calculated from the satellite images of the sea surface temperature and showed the error range of 10m/s. The calculated surface current velocity within the eddy was anti-cyclonic which is characteristic of the warm eddy. In vertical structures, it showed the maximum current speed at the surface and is exponentially decreased with depth to the magnitude of 2㎝/s in the 800m depth.

고환수염전의 초음파소견

허정식,최국명 제주대학교 생명과학연구소 2002 제주생명과학연구 Vol.5 No.6

Purpose: Testicular pain or swelling, often referred to as the acute scrotum, can have a number of causes. Common cause of acute scrotal pain include testicular torsion, epidiymitis, testicular appendiceal torsion, and trauma. Color Doppler ultrasonography is being used increasingly in the evaluation of acute scrotum. Diagnostic accuracy is required to avoid the loss of testicular function in the case of testicular torsion and avoid unnecessary surgery in the other causes, we find the ultrasonographic finding of testicular appendiceal torsion. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the hospital charts of 26 cases with acute scrotum who had been admitted to our hospital between January 1997 and November 2001 with the except of scrotal trauma. In the event of acute scrotum being suspected, an imaging study was performed. The 11 cases were evaluated with respect to accuracy of diagnosis and outcome of treatment. Results: The incidence of testicular appendiceal torsion was 46% of total acute scrotum boys. Torsion of either appendage produces pain similar to that experienced with testicular torsion. Color Dopper ultrasonography demonstrates increased bood flow of epididymis and secondary hydrocele. Conclusion: The cause of an acute scrotum can usually be established based on a careful history, a thorough physical examination and appropriate diagnostic test. When the history and clinical findings are equivocal. Color Doppler Ultrasonographic finding is usually able to differentiate testicular torsion, which is surgical emergency, from testicular appendiceal torsion which can be treated with conservative management.

ECAP 강가공에 의한 5083 Al 합금의 초소성 변형

이정국,서창우,김병철,신동혁 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 2000 工學技術論文集 Vol.9 No.1

초기 결정립 크기가 200 μm인 상업용 5083 Al 합금에서 equal channel anglar pressing(ECAP) 강가공에 의하여 결정립을 초미세화 시킬 수 있었다. ECAP는 200℃에서 수행되었고, 반복 passes시 180˚ 회전을 주면서 같은 시편에 8 passes까지 강가공을 가하였다. 미세조직 특징은 1 pass후 평균 0.2 μm의 폭과 0.8 μm의 길이를 갖는 연신된 평행한 bands가 균일하게 형성 되었고, 4 passes후 결정립 크기가 약 0.3 μm인 등축의 초미세 결정립이 얻어졌다. 이러한 초미세 결정립을 갖는 5083 Al 합금에서 저온 초소성 성질이 얻어졌는데, 약 0.5 μm의 결정립 크기를 갖을 때 250℃이하의 온도에서 연신율이 200 %이상인 초소성 거동을 나타내었다. An ultrafine grained structure was introduced into a commercial 5083 Al alloy with the initial grain size of ∼200 μm using the equal channel angular pressing technique. Equal channel angular pressing was successfully conducted at 200℃ and the results showed that the microstructure was reasonably homogeneous after single passage and consisted of parallel bands of elongated substructure having the average width of 0.2 μm and the average length of 0.8 μm. Repetitive passes were conducted on the same sample up to total 8 passes through the die so that the sample was rotated 180˚ around its longitudanal axis between passes. An equiaxed ultrafine grained structure of ∼0.3 μm was obtained in the present alloy after 8 passes. It was found that a 5083 Al alloy with the grain size of ∼ 0.3 μm exhibited a superplastic-like behavior with elongation to failure in excess of 200% below.

Glucosidase 활성 저해제의 검색

김국희,김봉석,신동범,정덕상,이선주 제주대학교 방사능이용연구소 2002 연구보고 Vol.16 No.-

Methanol extracts of 30 different plants collected in Jeju Island were tested for α-glucosidase inhibition. When the final concentration of extracts was 0.2㎎/㎖ for each sample, Ardisia japornica Blume. showed 91%, 92% and 87% of inhibition for maltase, sucrase, and nonspecific α-glucosidase activity, respectively. Potentilla chinensis inhibited maltase and sucrase activities for 90% and 82%, respectively. Euphorbia helioscopia exerted 90% and 88% inhibition for maltase and nonspecific α-glucosidase activity, respectively.

정전여과집진방식을 이용한 고온집진에 관한 연구

천중국,최금찬 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1995 硏究報告 Vol.18 No.1

This study has been carried out to investigate the filteration performance of E1ectrically Stimulated Fabric Filter at high temperature. The electric field was maintained parallel to the fabric surface. The benefits of ESFF are lower residual pressure drop, improvement of particle removal efficiency and increasing reduced rate of pressure drop during a filteration cycle, stable operation at higher filtering velocities. According to the variance of filtering velocity and dust loading, the results are summarized as follows; 1. By imposing an electric field on the filter, the reduced rate of pressure drop was 7∼18% at room temperature, and when filtering velocity was 1.8 m/min and dust loading was lg/㎥, the value of reduced rate of pressure drop was shown the highest. 2. By imposing an electric field on the filter, the reduced rate of pressure drop was 10~35% at high temperature, and when filtering velocity was 1.8 m/min and dust loading was lg/㎥, the value of reduced rate of pressure drop was shown the highest. Most of all, at high temperature, the value of reduced rate of pressure drop was 25%. 3. By imposing an electric field on the filter, the collecting efficiency was shown clearly. By the SEM photo analysis, the number of penetrated particles at the Conventional Fabric Filter was approximately two times that of Electrically Stimulated Fabric Filter.

회음부에 위치한 다고환증 1례

허정식,최국명,김광식 제주대학교 생명과학기술혁신센터 2002 제주생명과학연구 Vol.5 No.-

Polyorchidism, defined as the presence of more than two testes, is a rare anomaly with approximately 98 cases reported in literature. We report the case of a 73-year-old man who had trichorchidism, two normal testes and one perineal testis, but he had not subjective symptom. All testes were normal in size and in shape. We have reviewed the literature.

한국어판 DIS-IV의 개발과 표준화

서국희,손현균,최상섭,이미경,이중서,최인근,방현숙,연병길 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.5

연구목적 : DSM-Ⅲ-R의 개정판이라기 보다는 새로운 진단 기준으로 간주될 정도였던 DSM-Ⅳ의 출현은 정신장애의 진단분류체계에 매우 큰 영향을 미쳤다. DSM-Ⅳ의 변화를 반영하여 정신과적 진단을 내릴 수 있도록 DIS-Ⅲ를 개정하여 DIS-Ⅳ가 개발되었다. 본 연구는 국내에서의 정신의학적 연구를 더욱 활성화하고 활발하게 국제 공동연구가 이루어질 수 있도록 DIS-Ⅳ 한국어판을 개발하고 이를 표준화하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 방 법 : 번역 위원회에서 번역, 역번역, 어의적 정확성 확인, 한국어 용법에 맞도록 수정한 후 예비 연구를 거쳐 한국어판 DIS-Ⅳ가 완성되었다. 의과대학생 4명에게 Washington University DIS-Ⅳ training course와 동일한 내용과 방법으로 교육을 실시하였다. 두 명의 조사요원들이 한 환자를 DIS-Ⅳ를 사용하여 동시에 검사한 후의 진단을 비교하여 검사자간 신뢰도를 측정하고, 정신과 의사가 독립적으로 DIS-Ⅳ를 사용하여 검사한 후의 진단과 비교하여 절차 타당도를 평가하였다. 조사 대상은 2000년 1월부터 8월까지 2개 대학 병원 정신과 및 국립감호정신병원에서 치료중이던 환자 124명이었다. 결 과 : 평가자간 신뢰도의 kappa값 평균은 0.74였다. 양극성 Ⅰ장애, 범불안장애, 우울장애, 강박장애, 반항장애, 동통장애, 병적 도박, 외상후 스트레스 장애, 특정공포증 및 대부분의 물질 사용 혹은 관련 장애의 kappa값이 0.7 이상이었다. 정신과 의사의 진단과 조사요원의 진단의 일치도를 비교한 절차 타당도를 살펴보면 다음과 같다. 전체적인 sensitivity는 67.6%, specificity는 98.3%, kappa 값은 0.69이었다. 물질 사용 장애 및 물질 관련 장애의 SE는 79%, SP는 98.6%, kappa 값은 0.77이었다. 이를 제외한 나머지 정신 장애의 SE는 60.5%, SP는 98%, kappa 값은 0.64이었다. 본연구의 결과는 Robins 등에 의해 최초로 보고된 DIS의 신뢰도 및 타당도와 거의 비슷한 수준이었다. 결 론: 한국어판 DIS-Ⅳ가 높은 신뢰도와 타당도를 지닌 것으로 생각된다. 이 도구를 통해 물질 사용 및 관련 장애를 타당도와 신뢰도 높게 진단할 수 있다는 점이 매우 중요하다. 향후 정신장애의 진단 능력을 향상시키고 임상연구를 활성화하고 국제적인 학술적 교류를 늘리는데 일조할 수 있을 것이다. Objective : Appearance of DSM-Ⅳ has influenced greatly on the nosological classification of mental disorder, not considered as revised one of DSM-Ⅲ-R but a new criteria. DIS-Ⅳ has been developed after revision of DIS-Ⅲ in consideration of various changes in DSM-Ⅳ. This study is to develop and validate the DIS-Ⅳ, Korean version to activate Korean psychiatric research much more and to modivate more frequent international collaborative study. Method : Translation committee produced DIS-Ⅳ, Korean version through all the procedures of translation, back-translation, confirmation of retained original meaning of the English version, adaptation to Korean linguistic usage and preliminary study. Four medical students were trained during DIS-Ⅳ training course that retained the same contents and methods as of Washington University. Inter-rater reliability was measured by comparison between two diagnoses made from two interviewer who rated one patient at the same time. Procedural validity was measured by comparison between lay-interviewer's diagnosis and psychiatrist's diagnosis which were made after independent DIS-Ⅳ using interview. Subjects were 124 patients who were being treated at two University Hospital and National Forensic Psychiatric Hospital between January, 2000 and August, 2000. Results : Average kappa value of inter-rater reliability was 0.74. Diagnoses showing over 0.7 in kappa value were bipolar I disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, pain disorder, pathological gambling, post-traumatic stress disorder, specific phobia and almost all substance use disorder or substance-related disorder. Procedural validity, that compared lay-interviewer's diagnosis and psychiatrist's diagnosis, were as follows: For all diagnoses, sensitivity, specificity and kappa were 67.6%, 98.3% and 0.69. For diagnoses of substance use disorder or substance- related disorder, sensitivity, specificity and kappa were 79%, 98% and 0.77. For other diagnoses except substance use disorder or substance- related disorder, sensitivity, specificity and kappa were 60.5%, 98% and 0.64. This results are almost at the same level as that of Robins and her colleagues who tirst reported reliability and validity of DIS. Conclusion : We think that DIS-Ⅳ, Korean version has higher reliability and validity. It is very important that diagnoses of substance use disorder and substance-related disorder can be made reliably and validly by this instrument. We expect that it can help to improve diagnosability of mental disorder, activate clinical research and increase international scientific communication.