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Economic Paradiplomacy of Canadian provinces in North America
Jorge Virchez(Jorge Virchez ),Roberto Zepeda(Roberto Zepeda ) 한국캐나다학회 2017 Asia-Pacific Journal of Canadian Studies (APJCS) Vol.23 No.2
This article analyzes the international relations of the Canadian provinces in recent decades, especially observing exports and imports with the United States and Mexico, but also in the international arena. The analysis is conducted both from a national and subnational perspective, considering economic patterns and trends. In the same way, we observe the productive activities and the most relevant industries in the economy of the Canadian provinces and their connection with international markets. The aim of this article is to examine the economic relations and international activities of Canadian provinces. We concentrate on the cases of Ontario, Quebec, Alberta and British Columbia. Economic integration in North America has paved the way to other forms of cooperation between subnational governments on diverse topics, through diverse regional organizations and through international agreements.
Spinal Gunshot Wounds: Pattern and Associated Lesions in Civilians
Jorge Arturo Cabrera Escamilla,Jorge Álvaro González Ross,José Manuel Pérez Atanasio,Gustavo Casas Martínez,Arelhi González Cisneros,Jose Jimenez Avila 대한척추외과학회 2018 Asian Spine Journal Vol.12 No.4
Study Design: Retrospective, descriptive case series study. Purpose: To investigate the frequency, bone pattern, and associated lesions to the spine of gunshot wounds. Overview of Literature: Gunshot wounds are penetrating in nature and are caused by a bullet or projectile. These are becoming more common and are associated with significant sequelae, requiring long and costly multidisciplinary treatment. Associated spinal cord injuries (SCIs) in the civilian population represent 13%–17% of all spinal traumas. Spinal gunshot wounds are commonly thought to be stable; however, there is potential acute and chronic spinal instability if the bullet passes transversely, fracturing either both pedicles or both facet joints. Methods: We obtained data from the clinical files of patients with spinal gunshot wounds treated by spine surgeons. We performed a statistical analysis to obtain the pattern and frequency of the injuries. Results: We included 54 patients (48 men [89%] and six women [11%]). Eight patterns of spinal gunshot wounds were identified; 61% (33 patients) had complete SCI. The thoracic spine was most frequently affected, with 88% of patients having SCI; 75%, hemopneumothorax; 28%, pulmonary lesions; and 16%, hepatic lesions. The presence of pedicle fractures had an odds ratio of 3.64 for SCI. Conclusions: The two main bone patterns are the vertebral body and posterior arch with pedicle fractures as modifiers, given that they are at a high risk for SCI. The spinal pattern and associated lesions were related to the bullet’s path, with the vertebral body having the highest frequency of associated lesions. Vertebral body burst fracture was the main indication for instrumentation.
Jorge A. Gonzalez-y-Merchand,Ruben Zaragoza-Contreras,Rosalina Guadarrama-Medina,Addy C. Helguera-Repetto,Sandra Rivera-Gutierrez,Jorge F. Cerna-Cortes,Leopoldo Santos-Argumedo,Robert A. Cox 한국미생물학회 2012 The journal of microbiology Vol.50 No.3
The study of the in vitro cell growth of mycobacteria still remains a fastidious, difficult, and time-consuming procedure. In addition, assessing mycobacterial growth in the laboratory is often complicated by cell aggregation and slow growth-rate. We now report that the use of a stainless steel spring in the culture led to an absence of large cell clumps, to a decrease of dead cells in the exponential phase and to growth of a more homogeneous population of large cells. We also report that flow cytometry is a rapid, simple and reliable approach to monitor mycobacterial cell growth and viability. Here, we monitored Mycobacterium smegmatis cellular growth by optical density, dry cell mass, and colony forming units; in addition, viability, cell size and granularity profiles were analyzed by flow cytometry, and cell morphology by electron microscopy. Cultures monitored by flow cytometry may lead to a better understanding of the physiology of mycobacteria. Moreover, this methodology may aid in characterizing the cell growth of other fastidious species of microorganisms.
( Jorge Frias ),( Duarte Toubarro ),( Alexandra Fraga ),( Claudia Botelho ),( Jose Teixeira ),( Jorge Pedrosa ),( Nelson Simoes ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2021 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.31 No.2
Fibrinolytic enzymes with a direct mechanism of action and safer properties are currently requested for thrombolytic therapy. This paper reports on a new enzyme capable of degrading blood clots directly without impairing blood coagulation. This enzyme is also non-cytotoxic and constitutes an alternative to other thrombolytic enzymes known to cause undesired side effects. Twenty-four Bacillus isolates were screened for production of fibrinolytic enzymes using a fibrin agar plate. Based on produced activity, isolate S127e was selected and identified as B. subtilis using the 16S rDNA gene sequence. This strain is of biotechnological interest for producing high fibrinolytic yield and consequently has potential in the industrial field. The purified fibrinolytic enzyme has a molecular mass of 27.3 kDa, a predicted pI of 6.6, and a maximal affinity for Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe. This enzyme was almost completely inhibited by chymostatin with optimal activity at 48℃ and pH 7. Specific subtilisin features were found in the gene sequence, indicating that this enzyme belongs to the BPN group of the S8 subtilisin family and was assigned as AprE127. This subtilisin increased thromboplastin time by 3.7% (37.6 to 39 s) and prothrombin time by 3.2% (12.6 to 13 s), both within normal ranges. In a whole blood euglobulin assay, this enzyme did not impair coagulation but reduced lysis time significantly. Moreover, in an in vitro assay, AprE127 completely dissolved a thrombus of about 1 cc within 50 min and, in vivo, reduced a thrombus prompted in a rat tail by 11.4% in 24 h compared to non-treated animals.
Maria Isabel Sá,nchez Jorge,Jorge Corté,s-Bretó,n Brinkmann,Aranzazu Gonzá,lez Corchó,n,Rosa Acevedo Ocañ,a 대한구강악안면외과학회 2021 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.47 No.4
Hemangioma is a benign tumor characterized by the proliferation of blood vessels. Although it often appears in soft tissues, its occurrence in bone tissue, particularly the mandible, is extremely rare. A 32-year-old female sought attention at the dental clinic complaining of a painless swelling in the posterior region of the left side of the mandible. A panoramic radiograph and computed axial tomography scan were taken, showing honeycomb and sunburst images, respectively, in the affected area. The patient underwent a biopsy, which led to the diagnosis of intraosseous hemangioma. Having assessed the characteristics of the lesion, it was decided to perform complete excision including safety margins, followed by an iliac crest bone graft to reconstruct the mandible. Awareness of the possible clinical and radiographic presentations of intraosseous hemangioma is considered important, as non-diagnosis could have severe consequences given its possible relation to dental structures.
Improvement of dynamic response in an impact absorber by frictional elements
Jorge Bedolla,Dariusz Szwedowicz,Juan Jiménez,Tadeusz Majewski,Claudia Cortés,Enrique S. Gutierrez-Wing 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.4
A novel device that uses friction between one or more pairs of elastic conical rings to dissipate the energy from an impacting body ispresented. The device consists of one moving and one stationary cylinders coupled to each other using two pairs of conical rings and aspring. The spring is used to restore the system to its original configuration after the impact. The dynamic response of the system to theimpact forces during impact events is analysed numerically and experimentally. The effects of several governing parameters, such as themass ratio between the cylinders, the duration of the transient response of the device, the magnitude of the rest zone of the moving elementand the peak impact force are investigated. The proposed system is applicable in sequential impact scenarios, in which remarkableimprovements were observed over traditional solid-rod impact absorbers. The present study may serve as a guide for the design of improveddamping devices for impact applications.
The Chile-China Paradox: Burgeoning Trade, Little Investment
( Jorge Heine ) 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2016 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.40 No.4
Chile, a country that has been at the forefront of Latin America`s growing links with China, embodies a paradox in terms of Chinese outward foreign direct investment (COFDI). On the one hand, bilateral trade has thrived, increasing fourfold since the signing of a free trade agreement in 2005, turning Chile into China`s third largest trading partner in the region. On the other hand, Chinese direct investment in Chile has been low, much lower than in neighboring countries. In this article I explore the roots of this upsurge in bilateral trade while also explaining the reasons for the dearth of Chinese investment in a country traditionally considered to be attractive to foreign investors. Chile might be a victim of its own success as its economic accomplishments allow it to persist with investment policies that are currently daunting to Chinese investors.
Jorge E. Jiménez-Hornero,Inés Mª Santos Dueñas,Isidoro García-García 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.111 No.-
First-principles models of any process usually describe its complex underlying mechanisms using differentialand algebraic equations including several unknown parameters, whose values must be normallyestimated from experimental data. In this context, assessment of the influence of each parameter onmodel outputs, also known as sensitivity analysis, is an invaluable tool to, for example, simplify the structureof such model. In this work, variance-based Global Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) using Sobol’ main andtotal effects was carried out on a previously proposed acetification process first-principles model. Threeparameters (KSE, KIA and KSO) showed less influence than the remaining nine considering their statedvalue ranges; KSE presented no influence in all the analysed experimental conditions, value variation ofKIA exhibited a slightly greater effect on experiments with higher mean acetic acid concentrations andKSO showed the strongest impact by varying its value in all the experiments. According to these results,the model was simplified and its simulation compared with the initially proposed model and the experimentaldata. The analysis performed, by way of example, can be of crucial importance for any otherprocess.