과호산구증가증의 원인과 발생율에 대한 임상적 고찰

김봉준,이천우,조은주,김희규 고신대학교 의과대학 2010 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.25 No.2

Background: Eosinophilia is associated with various primary and reactive conditions. The incidence and causes of eosinophilia might have changed through time according to the changes in the incidence of diseases such as cancer, chronic degenerative diseases, and so forth. This study was sought to investigate the causes and the incidence of hypereosinophilia and compare the results with those obtained by other reports in Korea. Methods: Eosinophilia and hypereosinophilia are diagnosed when the absolute eosinophil count is greater than 500/μL and 1,500/μL, respectively. Patient's clinical records were reviewed to determine the underlying clinical conditions in relation to what causes hypereosinophilia. Results: Out of 18,941 patients who undertook hematology profiles, 1,584 (8.4%) and 143 (0.75%) were found to have eosinophilia and hypereosinophilia, respectively. Among patients with hypereosinophilia, 106 patients (74.1%) had identifiable and/or possible causes. The major causes of hypereosinophilia were malignancy (48.1%), allergy and skin diseases (22.6%), infectious diseases (9.4%), gastrointestinal tract diseases (5.7%), and hepatobiliary diseases (4.7%). Conclusion: We found various causes of hypereosinophilia in this study, and the most common cause of hypereosinophilia was malignancy. Therefore, a thorough study in patients with hypereosinophilia is necessary.

전립선비대증에 대한 α₁-아드레날린 수용체 차단제와 5α-환원효소 억제제 병합요법의 효과

노준화,오봉렬,박양일 大韓泌尿器科學會 1998 Korean Journal of Urology Vol.39 No.12

국제항공운송협정의 변화와 동북아 항공운송시장

차봉준 동아대학교 동아시아연구원 2010 동아시아 : 비교와 전망 Vol.9 No.2

본 연구는 국제항공제도의 변화와 경향을 연구함으로써 동북아시아 항공운송시장 통합을 위한 교훈과 방향성을 제시하고자 한다. 세계 항공시장은 1978년 미국의 규제완화 정책 이후 1980년대 후반부터 항공협정을 자유화하려는 움직임이 있었고, 그러한 움직임의 결과 1992년 미국과 네덜란드 간 ‘양자간 항공자유화 협정(Open Sky Agreement)’이 체결되었다. 이후 수 많은 항공자유화를 위한 양자간 협정과 몇몇 지역별 다자간 협정이 있었고, 보다 발전된 형태인 단일항공시장의 형성이 EU역내와 호주-뉴질랜드에서 완성되었다. 아시아에서도 아세안(ASEAN)이 그 범위는 다르지만 2015년을 목표로 단일항공시장 형성을 추진 중에 있다. 이러한 경향이 동북아 3국의 항공협력에 줄 수 있는 시사점을 연구함으로써 아직 제한된 항공자유화 단계에 머물러 있는 동북아 항공시장의 발전 방향성을 제언한다. This study seeks to some possible lessons and makes an alternative proposal from the major regulatory policy changes that have taken place for liberalizing international air transport markets for Northeast Asian air transportation market integration. The domestic deregulation liberalization that took place in U.S and the international regulatory liberalization immediately following is still going. The result of liberal bilateral Air Service Agreement was Open Skies Agreement between U.S and Netherlands in 1992. Since there were a number of bilateral aviation agreements and some multilateral aviation agreements. The creation of Single Aviation Market in EU and Australia-New Zealand is a growing to move towards partial or full open skies implementation. In Asia, ASEAN is pushing to Single Aviation Market by 2015 with all ASEAN members. In conclusion, this study suggests the future direction of the Northeast Asian Air Transport Market still remaining limited liberalization.

날개끝 형상변화에 의한 유도항력 감소장치에 관한 연구

이봉준,이경준 한국항공대학 항공문제연구소 1992 航空問題硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.2 No.-

비행중에 항공기의 연료를 절약시키는 가장 중요한 요소는 항공기의 항력을 감소시키는 것으로서 본 연구에서는 연료 절약형 이음속 항공기의 개발을 위한 유도항력감소에 관한 기초적인 연구를 수행하였다. 날개의 형상에 따라 유도항력이 달라지므로 이 항력을 최소로 하는 날개끝의 형상에 대한 연구와 날개끝 와류를 제어하는 유도항력 감소장치에 대하여 이론해석 및 풍동실험을 통한 연구를 하였다. 날개끝의 형상으로는 날개 끝에 camber와 파형이 있는 새로운 crescent형 날개끝 모양에 대한 공력특성을 구하였다. 날개 끝에 장착하는 유도항력 감소장치로서 날개끝 strake, 방사형 다중슬롯에 대한 기술을 개발하였다. 여러 가지 모양의 날개끝 strake를 설계하여 직사각형 날개, 테이퍼형 날개 및 뒤젖힘 날개에 장착하여 수치해석 및 풍동실험을 통한 공력특성을 조사하였다. 날개 끝에 방사형으로 설치한 다중슬롯장치가 날개끝 와류를 제어하여 날개의 양항계수에 미치는 효과를 실험적인 방법으로 연구하였다. The most important factor in saving fuel during flight is the reduction of aerodynamic drag of the aircraft. In this study, a basic research has been carried out to reduce the induced drag for the development of fuel economical subsonic aircraft. The wing tip configuration and devices to reduce induced drag were investigated by numerical analysis and experiment. To study the aerodynamic characteristics of a wing tip shape, wind tunnel testing and numerical analysis were carried out for a newly developed crescent wing tip with camber and wavy tip shape. For the wing tip drag reduction devices such as wing tip strakes, and radial multiple slots were developed. Various shapes of wing tip strakes were designed and wind tunnel tests were conducted to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of wing tip strakes for a rectangular wing, tapered and 35 degree swept back wing. An experimental study was performed for effect of the multiple slots which were formed at the wing tip radially on the coefficient of lift and drag of a wing by reducing the trailing vortex effect.

세라믹튜브 및 패킹형 플라스틱 여재충전 혐기성 여상의 유가공 폐수 처리특성 및 반응조 내부거동

허준무,장봉기,서성철,박종안,이종화,배형석,김준현 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1997 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.3 No.2

This study was carried to develop of anaerobic reactor to be able to maximize the organic removal efficiency using laboratory-scale anaerobic filter. The ceramic tube and pall ring media were tested for the applicability as packing media of anaerobic filter for the treatment of a dairy waste. This study was conducted to determine the anaerobic treatability of a dairy waste, and investigate the effects of ceramic tube and pall ring media. Anaerobic filters were packed with packing volume of 65% of total working volume. When treating a dairy waste, the organic removal efficiency of anaerobic filter packed with pall rings was a little higher than that of anaerobic filter packed with ceramic tubes. This was because the reactor packed with ceramic tube had clogging problems and substrate transfer limitations. It seemed that the reactor packed with ceramic tubes had uneven packing due to structural characteristics. The COD removals of ceramic tube and pall ring anaerobic filters were greater than about 91% and 94%, respectively, at organic loading rate lower than 5kgCOD/㎥/d. The COD removals of both reactors decreased to 80% with organic loading rate of 10kgCOD/㎥/d. Biomass capture and solid-liquid-gas separation efficiency seemed to vary with the type of media.

지방광고주의 광고회사 선정 및 평가에 관한 실증 연구

하봉준,이상훈 한국방송광고공사 2004 광고연구 Vol.0 No.63

낙후된 지방 광고산업의 발전을 위해서는 구조적 요인의 해결과 함께, 광고산업 주체의 자구노력이 병행되어야 한다. 특히 지방광고회사의 발전을 위해서는 지방광고주의 지방광고회사에 대한 인식 및 만족도 제고가 선결과제라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제의식하에서 지방광고주가 광고회사를 선정하는 기준은 무엇인지, 그리고 지방광고회사를 어떻게 평가하고, 개선점은 무엇이라고 생각하는지 실증적으로 알아보고자 하였다. 부산/울산/경남 지역의 광고주 및 광고회사 종사자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시한 결과, 지방광고주는 광고회사 선택시 거래요인을 중요하게 고려하고, 거래요인 및 비용측면에서 지방광고회사를 높이 평가했다. 그러나 지방광고회사는 광고기획/전략, 마케팅, 리서치, 광고회사의 규모/크기 등 업무 측면이나 외형적 특성에서 낮게 평가되었고, 향후 업무요인에 대한 개선이 요구되는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구결과를 고려할 때, 지방광고회사는 우선적으로 광고기획/전략, 마케팅, IMC, 리서치, 크리에이티브 등 광고 업무와 관련된 서비스의 질을 높이는 데 노력해야 하며, 동시에 기존의 강점 중에서 장기적인 경쟁적 우위가 될 수 있는 지역특성에 대한 이해, 광고주 요구에 대한 정확하고 신속한 반응 등에 대한 강화가 요구된다. The purpose of this study is to make empirical investigation into advertising agency selection and evaluation of the local client for the local agency’s developing plan. The following research questions were formulated for this study. 1. What are mainly considered factors when the local client selects a agency? 2. How is the local agency evaluated in comparison with the agency that is located in Seoul? 3. What should be improved for the development of the local agency? To get the proper answers, a total of 172 persons who have been employed in local agencies and clients located in Busan, Ulsan and Gyeongnam-do are surveyed for this study. T-test, factor analysis and regression analysis were chosen as the appropriate statistical techniques. The main results are: 1. The local client considers transaction and cost more importantly when they selects a agency. 2. The local client estimates that local agency is better than the agency in Seoul about transaction and cost. 3. The local client wants the local agency to improve its own abilities - advertising planning, marketing consulting, IMC, research and creative power.

열성경련 환아의 임상적 고찰

박봉림,설인준 한양대학교 의과대학 1987 한양의대 학술지 Vol.7 No.2

The present study was performed to delineate the clinical, electroencephalographic and other laboratory characteristics of children with febrile convulsion and to evaluate the factors related to prognosis in 120 children who were admitted to Kang Nam General hospital with febrile convulsion from March 1982 to February 1986. The results were as follows: 1. Male to female ratio was 1.7:1. 2. 76.8% of the children with febrile convulsion were under 3 years of age at the first episode of the febrile convulsion. 3. Incidence of a family history of convulsion was 21.7%. 4. The frequency of convulsion was one time in 78.3% of all cases, and the duration of the seizuere was under 5 minutes in the most patients (78.3%) 5. The vast majority of the febrile convulsion are generalized and brief, and the type of convulsion was clonic in 56.7%, tonic in 20%, focal in 10%, clonic-tonic in 9.2% and atonic in 2.5%. 6. The causes of febrile convulsion were upper respiratory tract infection in 58.3%, gastroenteritis & shigellosis in 8.4% respectively, peunomia & bronchitis in 6.7%, OMPA in 2.5%, chicken pox in 2.5%, and etc. 7. Among 56 patients who were followed up, the febrile convulsion was recurred in 69.7% and showed high recurrence rate especially when the first episode was under 1 year old, and also non-febrile seizueres were observed in 5 patients (8.9%).

스팬방향으로의 吹出이 날개의 空力特性에 미치는 影響

李奉俊,金學奉 한국항공대학교 1982 論文集 Vol.20 No.-

유체의 흐름속에 놓인 날개의 상하면에는 壓力差가 생기고 자유흐름과 結合하여 날개Rmx 주위에는 trailing vortex라는 나선형 흐름이 생긴다. 이 날개끝 (과)流를 抑制하여 誘導抗力을 減少시키는 장치에는 여러가지가 있다. 實驗에 依하면 날개끝 次出이 날개의 揚ㆍ抗特性向上에 效果가 있음이 發見되었다. 本 論文에서는 이러한 次出인 境遇에 對하여 새로운 조건을 주고 V.L.M(Vortex Lattice Method)을 利用하여 날개의 揚ㆍ抗係數에 對한 數値解를 구하였다. 數値解와 잘 一致하는 傾向을 보였다. A wing moving through afluid induces a differential pressure field between the upper and lower surfaces. The resultant spanwise movement of fluid cmobined with the free stream velocity generates a helical movement of fluid about the wingtip called trailing vortex. A number of devices have been employed in an attempt to reduce the induced drag by controlling the trailing vortex. The experimental results showed that the wing tip blowing was more effective to increase aerodynamic characteristics of a wing. In this paper, a new numerical analysis was conducted by using vortex lattice method on the effect of a wing tip blowing on the lifyt and drag characteristics of a wing. The numerically predicted results agree closely with experimental data.

서울大 光陽演習林內 土壤 微小 節肢動物에 관한 硏究 : 3. 날개응애와 植生과의 關係 3. Relationship between Soil Oribatid Mite and Vegetation

郭晙洙,吉奉燮 圓光大學校 基礎自然科學硏究所 1989 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.8 No.3

植生 및 環境이 相異한 光陽演習林內 森林土壤을 대상으로 植生 및 날개응애를 調査分析하여 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 調査 期間 中 53科 115速 152種의 植物이 分類되었으며 闊葉樹林비해 針葉樹林에서 더多樣한 分布를 보였다. 날개응애와 植生과의 關係를 比較한 結果 種多樣度指數에 있어서는 두 集團間에 統計的 有意性이 인정되지 않았으며, 種類似度에 있어서는, 植生의 경우 地理的으로 隣接한 群落間에 類似度가 높게 나타난 반면, 날개응애의 경우에는 地理的 隣接性 보다는 植生에 따라 類似群을 形成하므로서 土壤動物은 植餌選好度에 따라 niche를 달래하는 것으로 解析되었다. This study was carried out to investigate the relationship between soil mites (Acarina: Cryptostigmata) and vegetation in sampled area. From July 1984 to Jund 1985, samples were taken monthly from coniferous forests; a pinenut (Pinus koraicnsis S. et Z.) forest (site C-1), a white-pine (Pimus strobus L.) forest (site C-2), a needle fir tree (Abies holophyla Max.) forest (site C-3),and three broad-leaved forests; site B-l, B-2, and B-3 in Cho￣lanamdo province, southern part of Korea. Vascular plants of 152 species belonging to 115 genera (53 families) were identified. The flora in the coniferous forests were more diverse than in the broad-leaved forest. Similarity coefficient of the flora was shown highly between the neighbouring sites. The oribatid species in the coniferous forests were more diverse than those in the broad-leaved forests. The similarity index suggested that oribatid mites in those surveying sites could be divided into "coniferous forest type" and "broad-leaved forest type".

Palmes Tube를 이용한 지역별 NO₂농도와 직종별 NO₂개인 폭로량에 관한 연구

김준연,박순우,김동일,장봉기,정경동,김두희,홍대용,정갑열,김용규,이종섭,유일수,김정만 동아대학교 의과대학 부설 산업의학연구소 1992 산업의학연구소 논총 Vol.- No.1

Indoor air quality is important to human wellbeing because people their spend much of time indoors. Current efforts to reduce ventilation rates in building may conserve energy but may also passibly empair human health and welfare through increased levels of indoor contaminants. Nitrogn dioxide( NO₂)has been regarded as one of the important indoor air pollutants. This report updates the assessment of NO₂concentrations at indoor & vehicle road and personal NO₂exposure levels by job groups in four urban cities. NO₂concentrations were measured using the diffusion tube method on 671 subjects in four cities(Pusan, Taegu, Chinju. Iri) from Dec. 1988 to Feb, 1989 and from Dec. 1989 to Feb. 1990. The results of the study obtained were as follows. Ⅰ. Indoor & vehicle road NO₂levels 1. The mean NO₂level was 37.8±19.6(8∼189)ppb and the highest with 42.2±20.5ppb at Bus & Taxi. 2. The NO₂levels by area were as follows: Pusan city, 38.3±20.3ppb: Taegu city, 41.1±17.6ppb: Chinju city, 33.0±19.4ppb: Iri city, 35.8±20.6ppb. 3. The site of the highest NO₂level in Pusan, Taegu, Chinju and Iri city were as follows: Bus & Taxi, 45.4ppb: Vehicle road, 50.8ppb: Bus & Taxi, 37.5ppb: Bus & Taxi. 45.0ppb. Ⅱ. Personal NO₂exposure level 1. The mean level of personal NO₂exposure was 42.7 ±23.1(6∼145)ppb and the highest with 54.0±25.5ppb at office workers. 2. Personal NO₂exposure levels by area were as follows: Pusan city 44.8±20.2ppb: Taegu city, 50.6±24.3ppb: Chinju city, 47.1±23.2ppb: Iri city, 48.0±27.0ppb. 3. The job group of the highest personal NO₂exposure level in Pusan, Taegu, Chinju and Iri city were as follows: Office workers, 50.3ppb: Bus & Taxi drivers, 63.8ppb: Office workers, 59.8ppb: Office workers, 60.0ppb.