1998년과 2007년 사이 12∼13세 남녀 청소년의 체격, 골격성숙도, 체력 비교

송종국(Jong Kook Song),채서연(Seo Yeon Chae),채주희(Joo Hee Chae),김현배(Hyun Bae Kim),강효정(Hyo Jung Kang) 한국사회체육학회 2008 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.34

The purpose of the present investigation was to compare physique, skeletal maturation and physical fitness in Korean adolescents measured between 1998 and 2007. Subjects participated in the study were a total of 473 Korean adolescents aged 12 to 13 years. In 1998, 349 adolescents were selected from a middle school, located in Sungnam city and 124 middle school students aged 12-13, located in Yongin city were participated in 2007. All measurements were conducted by one of the reseachers (Jong-Kook Song) with two different group of investigators between 1998 and 2007. Anthropometric characteristics were body mass, body height, sitting height, circumferences taken at sites of upper arm, flexed upper arm, chest, waist, hip, thigh, and calf, bone breadth taken at the sites of humerus, and femur, skinfold thicknesses taken at the sites of triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, thigh and medial calf. Skeletal maturity was assessed by TW3 (Tanner et al., 2001). Maturity scores for Radius-Ulna-Short bones (RUS) and bone age were calculated. Physical fitness parameters included flamingo balance, sit and reach, grip strength, sit-ups, standing long jump, bent arm hang, 50m shuttle run and multi-stage shuttle run. All data were analyzed by SAS Enterprise 3.0. Means and standard deviations were calculated by descriptive statistics. Independent t-test was applied to compare dependent variables between measurements. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results of the study showed that male adolescents aged 12-13years in 2007 had significantly higher (p<0.0001) femur diameter than adolescents in 1998. Male adolescents in 2007 had higher (p<0.05) chest, waist and calf circumferences than those of adolescents in 1998. Although no difference were found for RUS and bone age in males adolescents between 1998 and 2007 female adolescents in 2007 were significantly delayed for their skeletal maturity level compared to female adolescents in 1998. For physical fitness parameters male adolescents aged 12 years in 2007 performed better for flamingo balance (p<0.01), and 50m shuttle run (p<0.05) than those of adolescents in 1998. However, stand long jump and bent arm hang were significantly decreased in male adolescents in 2007. Female adolescents aged 12-13 years in 2007 had significantly higher flamingo balance, but female adolescents aged 12 years in 2007 performed significantly less for standing long jump (p<0.0001), bent arm hang (p<0.001) and speed (p<0.05) than those of female adolescents in 1998. In conclusions this study suggest that chest circumference for both male and female adolescents in 2007 was significantly higher than those in 1998. Skeletal maturity for female adolescents in 2007 were significantly delayed compared to female adolescents in 1998. Further study is needed to evaluate consistent various.

전리수에서의 STS304의 부식

이종권,박소연,김범식 순천향대학교 산업기술연구소 2006 순천향 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.12 No.1

.

무증상 당뇨병성 말초신경병증 환자의 H반사 검사

이종걸,이상수,이태연,박계연,이성현,한설희 대한신경과학회 1999 대한신경과학회지 Vol.17 No.5

클로르헥시딘의 접착성 수복재의 결합에 미치는 영향에 관한 비교 연구

염혜웅,김종수,권순원 大韓小兒齒科學會 2002 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.29 No.1

치아 수복 후 나타날 수 있는 술 후 동통과 치수 병변의 주원인은 수복재 자체의 독성보다는 박테리아의 침투에 의한 것으로 알려져 있으며, 와동내 항균제 처리는 잔존 박테리아를 제거하여 제 증상을 완화하는데 효과적이지만, 상아질면이나 상아세관에 잔유물을 남겨 상아질 결합제와 치질간의 긴밀한 결합을 방해하여, 미세누출을 증가시키고, 결합강도를 약화시킬 수 있다고 알려져 있다. 2% 클로르헥시딘 도포가 접착성 수복물과 치질과의 결합강도 및 미세누출에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여, 건전한 소의 전치 상아질을 노출시키고 와동을 형성한 후, 클로르헥시딘을 도포하고 복합레진, 컴포머 그리고 글라스아이오노머를 각 제조사의 지시에 따라 각각 충전하고, 100회 열순환 처리 후 전단 결합 강도와 미세누출 양상을 비교 평가하였다. 상아질 전단 결합 강도와 수복재 변연 미세누출 양상에서 실험군과 대조군간에 통계학적 유의차를 보이지 않았다. Bacterialmicroleakage around restorations is considered the principal cause of pulpal inflammation associated with restorations. The rationale for using cavity disinefectant is based on its antimicrobial properties but the cavity disinfectant may leave debris on dentin surfaces. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of 2% chlorhexidine on shear bond strength and microleakage of adhesive restoration. 45 sound bovine teeth were used for the shear bond strength test and 30 for the micorleakage. For the experimental groups, 2% chlorhexidine was applied before the restorations, and was not for the control groups. The result from the this study can be summarized as follows; 1. No significant difference could be found in shear bond strength of each group. 2. No significant difference could be found in microleakage of each group.

실시간 온라인 네트워크 게임 환경에서의 게임 트래픽 특성 분석

정종민,이문규,이구연 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 産業技術硏究 Vol.20 No.B

The study of game traffic has neglected by scientists, but as Internet gaming becomes more popular, multiplayer online games have become a significant element of Internet traffic. In this paper we analyze Internet traffic generated by sessions of multiplayer online games and study source models of multiplayer online game traffic. Our analysis shows that the empirical game traffic can be characterized by certain analytical model. We describe how our empirical traffic data set can be modeled and discuss how game server type influences interarrival distribution.

실시간 웹 기반 교육 운영 사례 연구 : K 대학교 실시간 웹 강좌 운영을 중심으로 Focus on the Case of a University in Korea

이종연 한국교육정보미디어학회 2003 교육정보미디어연구 Vol.9 No.2

본 연구는 서울에 위치한 4년제 대학 실시간 웹 기반 교육 사례에 대한 교수, 운영자 및 수강생들의 반응을 알아보고, 드러나는 문제점 및 이에 따른 해결책을 중심으로 활성화 방안을 모색하는데 그 목적이 있다. 우선 실시간 웹 기반 교육에 참가한 교수, 운영자 및 수강생들의 반응은 대체적으로 긍정적이었다. 참가자들은 무엇보다 실시간 웹 강좌에서 진행되는 활발한 대인간 상호작용에 만족하고 있었으며, 대면식 출석수업에 미치지는 못하나 비실시간 웹 강좌보다는 교육효과 측면에서 우월하다고 말했다. 본 사례 참가자들의 애로사항 및 문제점을 중심으로 실시간 웹 기반 교육 활성화 방안을 제시하면, 첫째, 실시간으로 운영되는 만큼 시스템의 안정성을 확보하는 것이 무엇보다 시급하고, 둘째, 화면에 제시되는 교육컨텐트의 질 확보는 물론 교육컨텐트 개발에 따른 시간과 비용을 최대한 절감하는 방안(예: 인쇄물 보조 교재의 활용)을 마련해야 한다. 셋째, 원격교육이라는 특성을 고려하여 강의시간을 대면식 출석 수업보다 짧게 구성하되 근본적으로 실시간 웹 기반 교육을 위한 수업모형을 개발하여야 한다. 교수 및 지원인력의 역할 정의와 확보가 필요하며, 또한 강의 출석률의 향상하기 위한 제도 및 운영방안이 마련되어야 한다. 마지막으로 교수와 학생의 웹 강좌에 대한 올바른 인식과 태도 형성이 중요하다. 즉, 본인들의 강의와 학습을 위한 철저한 준비는 원활한 강좌 운영에 반드시 필요한 부분일 것이다. The purpose of this study was to analyze a case of realtime web-based instruction and to make suggestion for its promotion. First, the responses from the instructors, operators and learners of the case towards realtime web-based instruction were positive. A ll of them were very satisfied by the interactive aspect of the lessons. It was also reported that realtime WBI(web-based instruction) was superior to non-realtime one in terms of its effectiveness but less than traditional face-to-face instruction. Based on the results of the study, it is recommendable to apply realtime WBI to domestic education and training fields along with non-realtime one. It is also possible for realtime WBI to substitute or supplement non-realtime one. Based on the difficulties and problems with which the participants of the study had faced, the following suggestion could be made to produce more satisfactory outcomes. First of all, it is important to secure the stability of information infrastructure for realtime operation. It is necessary to increase the reliability, user-friendliness, and educational capabilities of network and realtime software solution and to upgrade and secure PCs and required peripherals for instructor and students. Also it is recommendable to integrate realtime WBI with non-realtime one and academic administration systems and to utilize various learning activities on the web. We need to make an effort to improve the quality of materials presented on the computer screen during lesson. A s for the aspect of operating the lesson, we need to segment the lesson shorter considering the nature of distance education. It is essential to develop a teaching model for realtime WBI, to define the role of instructors and to provide concrete activity guidelines for them. It is necessary to secure enough number of assistants and staff members to provide technical helps, to support conducting lectures for instructors and to facilitate learners' transaction. Finally, it is essential to establish the ways to increase class attendance to provide realtime web-based instruction with the reason to exist.

대학정보화 수행방안 연구

이종연 한국교육정보방송학회 1999 교육정보미디어연구 Vol.5 No.1

산업화 사회에서 정보화 사회로의 전환은 사회 각 분야에 많은 변화를 초래하고 있다. 대학도 다른 사회 구성원들과 마찬가지로 극심한 환경변화 속에 처해 있으며, 오늘날 이러한 변화는 생존의 위기로 다가오고 있다. 대학은 더 이상 현재 체제에 안주할 수 없으며, 정보화 체제로 재정비함으로써 본원적으로 위기를 해결하여야 한다. 이미 국내외 많은 대학들이 시도하고 있듯이, 정보화는 대학에 대한 시대적 요구사항을 만족시킬 수 있는 강력한 대안으로 간주되며, 교육의 선진화, 연구 생산성 향상 및 행정의 효율화를 통하여 경쟁력 있는 일류대학으로 도약할 수 있는 발판을 마련해 준다. 그러나 대학정보화는 단순히 다양한 정보시스템을 개발하고 도입하는 것만으로 이루어지는 것은 아니다. 학제, 업무체제, 정보인프라, 정보화 정책, 조직 및 인력에 이르기까지 모든 것이 유기적으로 통합되어야 한다. 단기적인 관점에서 개발되거나 도입된 정보시스템은 그 효과를 충분히 살리지 못하기 쉽다. 따라서, 정보시스템 구축에 앞서 학제개편, 업무 프로세스 개선을 실시하고, 정보전략계획을 수립함으로써 정보화의 방향을 미래지향적으로 설정하고, 구축되는 정보시스템이 전체적인 정보화 방향의 틀 속에서 효과적으로 활용될 수 있도록 하여야 한다. The shift from industrial society to information society has caused a lot of changes in its various aspects. Universities such as other members of society have met serious changes, which bring them to a crisis. They cannot survive if they stay on the present status. They should solve the essential problems by transforming to the new organization that provides just-in-time useful information services for their members such as professors, students, and staff, and that improves the effectiveness and efficency of their activities. As many universities around the world have already attempted, the shift to information-oriented organization is regarded as one of the best way to meet the today's requirements for universities. Also this shift is able to improve the quality of education, research and development, and administration which are three major functions of universities, so that it will upgrade their status comparing with those of others. However, the shift cannot be completed just by developing various information tools and providing them for their members. Every matters including academic affairs, administrative tasks and activities, information infrastructure, information policies, and personnel should be integrated as one system. The information tools which have been developed or purchased without thorough analysis and strategic plan may not serve their original purposes. Therefore, we need to re-establish academic affairs, re-engineer related businness processes, and plan information strategy before implementing information systems. In this way we can be sure that the target systems are geared to their goals, so that they can be utilized by university members as expected.

비정규노동자 '가구'의 사회복지와 노동력재생산 실태에 관한 연구

김종건,김연명 한국사회복지정책학회 2003 사회복지정책 Vol.17 No.-

본 연구는 비정규직의 사회복지 문제를 '가구' 단위에서 분석하고 있다는 점과 노동력재생산 측면에서 접근하고 있다는 점에 의미가 있다. 연구목적은 비정규노동자에 대한 사회복지제도상 차별이 비정규직 가구의 삶에 어떤 영향을 주고 있으며, 비정규직 가구는 그것을 어떻게 대처하고 있는지 공적·사적 위험분산기제의 실태를 정규직가구와 대비시켜 밝히는데 있다. 분석결과 비정규직가구는 정규직가구에 비해 공공복지를 통해 제공되는 '사회임금'이 작아서 공공복지의 위험분산 효과가 더 작게 나타났다. 또한 민간보험과 '사적소득이전'과 같은 사적복지의 경우 비정규직가구는 민간보험에서는 정규직가구보다 가입률이 낮고 적립액도 적지만, 사적소득이전을 통해서는 많은 혜택을 보고 있다. 또한 비정규직가구는 주거비와 교육비 지출이 가처분소득에서 차지하는 비중이 정규직가구에 비해 높게 나타났으며, 교육비 지출의 절대액에서는 더욱 큰 차이를 보여 미래세대의 노동력재생산에 위험신호가 나타나는 것으로 밝혀졌다. This study aims to define what effects welfare provisions have on the households of non-standard workers and how they respond to the provisions in Korea. For this, this study examined both welfare provisions for non-standard workers and their effects on the reproduction of labour force, by comparing the public and private risk pooling mechanism for non-standard workers with that for regular workers. The originality of this work can be claimed from the fact that the examination was conducted by taking household, rather than individual workers, as the unit of analysis. The findings are as follows. First, 'social wage', which is provided by public welfare measures, benefits less the households of non-standard workers than those of regular workers. So does the effects of risk pooling for non-standard workers. Second, in terms of private welfare measures such as private insurance and private income transfer, the households of non-standard workers have lower rates of participation as well as income allocation, but show higher utilization rate of them, than those of regular workers. Last, the non-standard worker's households spend higher proportion of disposable income for rent and education than those of regular workers. This difference between two groups becomes more salient, when considering the absolute amount of expenditure for education. This rings an alarm bell to the reproduction of future labor force which welfare services are supposed to bring about.

쇄골두개 이형성증 환자에 관한 증례보고 : REPORT OF A CASE

이연호,김종수,,유승훈 大韓小兒齒科學會 2005 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.32 No.4

쇄골두개 이형성증은 구강내에서 치아의 맹출 지연과 함께, 두개골, 쇄골 및 안면의 비정상적인 성장을 보이는 상염색체 우성 유전 증후군이다. 이 증후군의 특징적인 소견으로, 쇄골이 양측성으로 존재하지 않거나 혹은 불완전한 구조로 존재하는 것을 들 수 있다. 또한, 두개골 성장에 있어서 전두골, 후두골판은 다른 골과는 다르게 크기가 증가하여 비정상적인 형태의 머리 모양을 보인다. 두개골의 어떤 부위에는 충분한 골성장이 결여되어 봉합선이 매우 넓어져 있으며, 방사선 사진상에서 봉합이 열려있는 상태로 관찰된다. 코는 대게 편평하고 넓으며, 일반적으로 상악의 성장이 부족하여 상대적으로 하악이 커보인다. 구강내 소견으로는, 유치의 흡수가 늦어지며, 그 결과 영구치도 정상인보다 늦게 맹출되는 양상이 관찰된다. 20세 이상의 쇄골두개 이형성증 환자의 구강내에서 유치를 흔히 발견할 수 있다. 또한 다수의 과잉치가 존재하는데, 이는 구강내 전체에 걸쳐 존재할 수도 있다. Cleidocranial Dysplasia(CCD) is a congenital disorder of skeletal and dental anomaly with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. CCD Shows a generalized defect in intramembranous bones, such as the skull, clavicles, and endochondral bones, such as the long bones and the remainder of the skeleton. The specific clinical feature of CCD is an aplasia &hypoplasia of one or both clavicles, frontal & parietal bone bossing, incomplete fontanels and sutures closure of cranial bone. Generally, relative mandibular prognathism is seen,because maxillar is underdeveloped. Dental anomalies of CCD are prolonged primary teeth, delayed eruption of the permanent teeth and multiple supernumerary teeth. Almost parients of CCD can not recognize their dental abnormality until the permanent teeth eruption was begining. So it is difficult to decide the proper timing of the treatment of patients of CCD. Pedodontists should understand the development of the dentition in CCD patient and start the treatment of CCD patient in proper time.

발열로 인해 발현된 부루가다 증후군 1례

박혜연,김종훈,박경일,황철웅,김태년,남궁준,도준형,이원로,이성윤 白中央醫療院 2005 仁濟醫學 Vol.26 No.1

Brugada syndrome is characterized by right bundle branch block morphology and ST segment elevation in the right precordial leads and a propensity to develop ventricular arrhythmias. Mutations in a cardiac sodium channel gene have been linked to this syndrome, and the ionic mechanisms responsible for the electrocardiographic phenotype are temperature-dependent. This case report describes a patient in whom a typical Brugada ECG pattern developed during fever and returned normal ECG after fever was subsided.