다산 정약용의 개혁적 관료역할론

이광종 청주대학교사회과학연구소 2005 한국사회과학연구 Vol.27 No.4

The purpose of this study is to discuss the issues related to the innovative roles of bureaucrat proposed by Da San in the first half of 19th century. His political ideology has a connection with confucianism and Sil Hak. But when compared with confucianism, he had used a practical instrument system in policy implementation. Da San administrative principle also emphasized rationality. technical competence, economy, probity and supporting roles. He insisted that officials of public agency should be selected and placed on the basis of practical competence, not considerations such as social states and specific local area. His view of bureaucrat's roles for the betterment of people's life is obviously reflected in his writings and his exceptional sense of responsibility for the people's security and benefit is expressed in his many articles Da San had analyzed the roles of bureaucrats group in the formation and the execution of policy, stressing the right power exercised in particular policy area by the bureaucrats. In conclusion his democratic perspective on bureaucrat's role and the people that has had the most lasting influence on later scholars is considerable validity for the civil servants in modern Korea. Key Words: Da San, Innovative roles, Probity, Responsibility, Technical competence.

下道給代金 直接支給과 관련한 發注者의 契約管理 方案에 관한 硏究 : 判例硏究 및 法理分析을 중심으로 Focusing on Analyzing Case and Legal Theories

이종광,김용수 대한건축학회 2005 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.21 No.1

The purpose of this study is to conceptualize the legal conditions regarding direct payment to subcontractor con tamed in Article 14 of The Fair Trade Subcontract Transactions Act and Its Impacts While demonstrating the practical and theoretical matters, this study also suggests ways to improve the owner's contract management methods, which help the management reduce unnecessary claims and commercial disputes The literature research, case study, and legal theory analysis are adopted as research methods The primary results of the study are summarized as the following (1) The basic legal relationship among owner, contractor and subcontractor is maintained even when the owner's obligation for prime payment and contractor's obligation for subcontract payment is liquidated according to the legal framework of direct payment to subcontractor (2) When contractor's assets for relevant construction projects are confronted with the seizure (or provisional seizure) claim by the third party creditor, the claim is effective If it occurs before direct payment to subcontractor (3) An owner is not allowed to claim financial compensation from the assets designated for direct payment for contractor's defects liability and responsibility of damage compensation On the other hand, Contractor's debt to subcontractor - e g charge for discounting of a bill, overdue Interest-which has no concern with subcontract money is not comprised m the scope of the money of direct payment (4) In the pre-direct payment to subcontractor phase, it is appropriate for the owner to prevent direct payment to subcontractor because the alteration of the money flow based on the contractual relationship hinder the stabilization of the construction organization In a direct payment to subcontractor phase, however, the owner must manage a series of situations with regard to direct payment to subcontractor An owner must grasp the level of the credit and debt among contractor, subcontractor and contractor's third creditors, while defining the scope of the money of direct payment and the owner must prevent the money utilized for construction from leaking and make It flow into the construction organization

다산 정약용의 개혁적 관료역할론

이광종 청주대학교 국제협력연구원 2006 國際文化硏究 Vol.24 No.-

다산의 정치 · 행정이념은 공맹의 인애 · 인의사상에 바탕을 두면서 민본적 덕치 · 예치를 수단으로 왕도정치를 이상(理想)으로 생각하면서도 법치를 중요시 하였다. 그러나 통치자가 인민의 뜻에 어긋났을 때에는 과감하게 갈아세우는 것이 당연하다고 하는데 이는 맹자의 폭군방벌론이 지배층의 변동만을 상정한 것에 비하면 다산은 단순한 지배층의 변동만이 아닌 사회구조 전반에 걸친 변혁을 기도했다는 점에서 보다 근대적 요소가 강하다. 그의 정치 · 행정의 이념인 민생의 충분한 보장과 부국강병을 실현하기 위하여는 우선 신분이나 출신지역에 의한 차별없이 오직 능력본위로 인재를 등용함과 과학 · 기술의 발전을 가져옴으로써 농업 · 방직업등에 새로운 발전을 기약할 수 있기 때문에 정부와 관인(官人)들은 기술도입과 발전을 위하여 적극적으로 기여하는 역할을 하는 것에 대해 강조하였다. 당시는 산업의 중추가 농업이었기 때문에 농업에 많은 관심과 열정을 갖고 새로운 농기구를 도입 · 개량하여 농사일을 편리하게 하고 생산성을 높이는 문제와 농민들의 각종 부담을 경감해주어 그들의 후생을 돕는 문제, 농부들을 농업기술분야 전문인으로 유도해 관직에도 진출할 수 있게 하는 문제 등에 관인들의 재정적 · 능동적 지원을 매우 중요시 하였다. 또한 청렴이란 모든 관인의 근본이면서 모든 덕의 원천이라 하고 청렴하지 못하면 유능한 관인이 되기 어려울 뿐만 아니라 민중들로부터 도둑으로 지목받아 더럽다고 할 것이니, 얼마나 부끄러운 노릇이냐고 경계하였다. 청렴하자면 절약해야 하지만 절약과 동시에 빈약한 사람들에 공과사를 구별하여 정당하게 베푸는 방법도 권장하였다. 윗사람의 명령이 민심을 크게 자극하고 민생에 심한 피해가 생기는 경우에는 관직을 그만 둘 용기를 가지라고 한다. 이것이 관인이 위민하는 근본에 접근하는 것으로 보았다. 수령(守令)은 칠사(七事)에만 한정하지 말고 구민(救民)의 역할, 산업생산지원등의 역할을 다원화 · 전문화해야 한다는 것이다. 오늘날 공직사회에 일고 있는 일부 공무원의 각종 부정부패, 무사안인주의, 예산의 낭비 · 유용, 형식주의 문제 등의 해법에 다산이 강조하고 있는 정치행정인의 청렴성 · 민본위 이념, 문제해결에 혁신적인 합리적 사고(思考)와 역할관이 시대를 초월하여 앞으로도 높은 규범적 가치를 지니게 될 것임을 이 연구를 통하여 발견할 수 있었다. The purpose of this study is to discuss the issues related to the innovative roles of bureaucrat proposed by Da San in the first half of 19th century. His political ideology has a connection with confucianism and Sil Hak. But when compared with confucianism, he had used a practical instrument system in policy implementation. Da San administrative principle also emphasized rationality. technical competence, economy, probity and supporting roles. He insisted that officials of public agency should be selected and placed on the basis of practical competence, not considerations such as social states and specific local area. His view of bureaucrat's roles for the betterment of people's life is obviously reflected in his writings and his exceptional sense of responsibility for the people's security and benefit is expressed in his many articles Da San had analyzed the roles of bureaucrats group in the formation and the execution of policy, stressing the right power exercised in particular policy area by the bureaucrats. In conclusion his democratic perspective on bureaucrat's role and the people that has had the most lasting influence on later scholars is considerable validity for the civil servants in modern Korea.

마이크로프로세서 機能試驗을 위한 試驗命令語

安光善,金鍾勳 경북대학교 공과대학 1983 工大硏究誌 Vol.12 No.-

This paper deals with the selection of minimal test instruction set for Z-80 microprocessor. This test method is based on a function description of the instructions which are obtained from the data given by the user's manual. Selecting the minimal test instruction set is done in 2 steps: 1) a test execution graph is represented on all instructions, 2) a dominant class and dominant subclass are selected from the test execution graph.

재순환 버퍼 RLS 알고리즘의 탭 가중치 갱신을 통한 개선된 수렴 특성

김광준,윤찬호,윤민종,나상동 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 1999 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.21 No.2

We extend the sue of the method of least square to develop a recursive algorithm for the design of adaptive transversal filters such that, given the least-square estimate of this vector of the filter at iteration n-1, we may compute the updated estimate of this vector at iteration n upon the arrival of new data. The RLS algorithm may be viewed as a special case of the Kalman filter. Indeed this special relationship between the RLS algorithm and the Kalman filter is considered. We begin the development of the RLS algorithm by reviewing some basic relations that pertain to the method of least squares. Then, by exploiting a relation in matrix algebra known as the matrix inversion lemma, we develop the RLS algorithm. An important feature of the RLS algorithm is that it utilizes information contained in the input data, extending back to the instant of time when the algorithm is initiated. The resulting rate of convergence is therefore typically an order of magnitude faster than the simple LMS algorithm. This improvement in performance, however, is achieved at the expensive of a large increase in computational complexity

전압가속에 의한 MLCC 열화데이터의 신뢰성 해석

김종철,김광섭 대한설비관리학회 2004 대한설비관리학회지 Vol.9 No.4

Accelerated degradation test (ADT) can be a useful tool for assessing the reliability when few or even no failure are expected in an accelerated life test. In this paper, MLCC (Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors), a sort of passive components which have large capacitance(X7R -55℃~125℃) have been tested, and least-square analyses are used to illustrate our approach in which amount of degradation of a DUT following log-normal distribution. We assumed a simple and useful linear model to describe the amount of degradation over time subjected to different voltage levels applied. Tests for linearity of the performance-time relationship, and provide tests for how well the assumptions hold. Also, by using Eyring Model, MLCC's mean life time is assessed. Also, We tested MLCC by Voltage accelerated On-Off test. and analyzed degradation data with log-normal - General log-linear model suggested by Lu and Meeker's Fatigue-Crack-Growth Model.

한 Coulomb Center에 강하게 구속된 Polaron의 微細構造

張光秀,金鐘宰 嶺南大學校府設 基礎科學硏究所 1983 基礎科學硏究 Vol.3 No.-

The effective Hamiltonian of the polaron strongly bounded to a Coulomb center is calcuiated. And it is assumed that the Frohlich radius ?? of the polaron is much less than the Bohr radius a of electron orbit. In the intermediating coupling approximation by Lee-Low-Pines, the ground energy spectrum of the system shows a hydrogen-like fine-structure energy level. This energy splitting would be resulted from the constraint of the additional Coulomb field and the definite dimensions of the phonon cloud surrounding the electron of polaron. Our fine-structure may be expected in the semiconductors in which the criterion ??/a≪1 is satisfied and the coupling constant a≤4.

노화와 간경변이 인체의 적혈구, 혈장 및 위 점막의 Glutathione 농도와 Glutathione Peroxidase 활성도에 대해 미치는 영향

백광호,김종혁,백일현,한태호,박현주,박상훈,서중산,박충기,유재영 대한노인병학회 2001 대한노인병학회지 Vol.5 No.3

Azathioprine에 반응을 보인 류마티양 관절염에 의한 경막염(Pachymeningitis)1예

배광봉,이정호,이정찬,곽상혁,강정현,김철희,김현수,김종숙,조덕연,김삼용 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1999 충남의대잡지 Vol.26 No.1

Rheumatoid arthritis frequently involves the cervical spine and may lead to neurologic impairement. However, direct involvement of CNS structures by inflammatory cells has been reported infrequently. The prevalence of this complication of rheumatoid arthritis is unknown. Inflammatory CNS involvement in rheumatoid arthritis reportedly occurs in the setting of longstanding, active, erosive articular disease and is accompanied by extracranial and extraspinal nodules and vasculitis. This is diagnosed by radiologic finding of CNS nodules or meningeal thickening and by biopsy or autopsy. Treatment with corticosteroid, cytotoxic agent or surgical decompression is helpful. But the majority of patients die within several months of onset of neurologic symptom. Recently, we experienced a case of pachymeningitis caused by rheumatoid arthritis, which resolved repeatedly with azathioprine treatment.

수정 LVQ 법을 이용한 배전계통의 전압/무효전력 제어에 관한 연구

김광원,김종일 울산대학교 1999 공학연구논문집 Vol.30 No.1

본 논문에서는 코호넨 신경회로망을 이용한 배전시스템의 전압 및 무효전력 실시간 제어 기법을 제안하였다. 본 논문에서의 제어 목적은 모든 모선의 전압을 한계값 이내로 유지하면서 배전시스템의 I²R 손실을 최소화하는 병렬 캐패시터 뱅크와 선로전압조정기의 최적 상태를 결정하는 것이다. 이와 같은 이산적인(discrete) 상태를 취급하기에는 코호넨 신경회로망이 적합하지만, 코호넨 신경회로망의 일반적인 학습법인 LVQ는 분류대상 그룹수가 많은 경우에 기준벡터가 feasible영역에서 벗어나는 현상이 발생한다. 이에 본 논문에서는 수정 LVQ법을 고안하여 코호넨 신경회로망을 학습하였으며, 5개의 on-off 캐패시터와 1개의 선로전압조정기로 구성된 30 모선 배전시스템의 전압/무효전력 제어에 제안한 기법을 적용하여 그 타당성을 검증하였다. This paper proposes a modified Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ) to control shunt capacitor banks and feeder voltage regulators in an electric distribution system. The proposed modified LVQ is utilized to training Kohonen Neural Network (KNN). The objective of the KNN is on-line decision of the optimal state of shunt capacitor banks and feeder voltage regulators which minimize losses of the distribution system while maintaining all the bus voltages within the limits. The KNN is tested on a distribution system with 30 buses, 5 on-off switchable capacitor banks and a nine tap line voltage regulator.