高果糖 誘導 고지혈증 흰쥐에 대한 薏苡仁의 효과

이영종,손영종,임덕빈,이은섭,박중수,김성기 대한본초학회 2005 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.20 No.1

Objective : In order to examine the effects of Coicis Semen on the hyperlipidemia, the extracts of Job's Tears were given to hyperlipidemic rats induced by fructose-rich chow. Method : The hyperlipidea was induced by fructose-rich chow during five weeks in rats. And the rats were administered with the extracts prepared from husk layer, bran layer, polished rice, unpolished rice or unhulled grain of Job's Tears each others during three weeks. And then, the effects of the extracts on body weight gain, total cholesterol, triglyceride and blood glucose were examined. Results and Conclusion : The extracts prepared from polished rice, unpolished rice or unhulled grain of Job's Tears had no effects on the body weight gains of the corpulent rats induced by a high fructose diet. Meanwhile, the extracts prepared from the unhulled grain (Coicis Semen), unpolished rice, and bran layer of Job's Tears decreased the levels of blood total cholesterol. and triglyceride, each others. And the effect of unhulled grain was more stronger than those of the others. The results suggested that unhulled grain had some materials useful for alleviating the hyperlipidemia, and the effective molecule is existed in the surface of unhulled grain.

女高生의 體型에 따른 步行 形態 分析

朴昌悳,金鐘貴 忠南大學校體育科學硏究所 1994 體育科學硏究誌 Vol.12 No.1

This study is performed with 318 students who are without any physical and surgical obstacles among 1798 presenting students in “D” girls high school located in Taejon. The students are divided into three groups according to their somototypes of the Rohrer's index: Over weight, Under weight, and Normal weight. The walking characteristics of the subjects were measured focused on the step angle, the vertical difference between both steps and the Step width. The following conclusions are obtained. 1. Step angle between both feet is toward outside and asymmetric in whole groups. Step angle of the left foot is of little significant in somoto types. That of right foot on the contrary, is more significantly toward outside in Over weight. 2. Vertical difference between both steps shows that Under weight walk inside from the standard line, Over weight walk outside, and Normal weight walk normal. And the more weight people become, the wider they walk in it. 3. Difference of step width between Under weight and Normal weight is not so much conspicuous, but it is significantly decreased in Over weight. According to the above conclusions, it tells us that the Normal weight is almost perfect in walking characteristics and the Under weight walks inside in the Vertical difference between both steps, and the Over weight needs correct walking attitude because it has an asymmentric elements caused by the change in its step angle, its vertical difference between both steps, and its step width.

기관지천식 환자의 정신신체의학적 특성 : Focused on Alexithymia 감정표현불능증을 중심으로

이종명,김상헌,임효덕 大韓神經精神醫學會 1996 신경정신의학 Vol.35 No.1

본 연구는 감정표현불능증적 성격 경향이 정신신체질환을 가진 환자들의 고유한 성격적 특성인지를 알아보기위해, 단일 신체 질환인 기관지천식 환자군에서 지금까지 알려진 여러 가지 도구들을 사용하여 감정표현 불능증을 중심으로 한 정신신체의학적 특성들을 확인해보고자 하였다. 정상군(30명), 기관지천식 환자(30명), 정신분열증 환자(30명) 그리고 신경증 환자(33명)를 대상으로 하여 각 장애를 가진 환자들의 감정표현불능증적 경향을 알아보기 위하여 정신의학적 면담과 BIQ, MMPI-A, TAS, 주제통각검사를 실시하였고, 각 군의 특징적인 성격 경향 그리고 내재하는 정신병리를 확인하기 위하여 MMPI와 SCL-90-R을 시행하였다. MMPI와 SCL-90-R에서 각 군은 정상 범위안에 있었는데, 신경증 환자군의 정신병리의 수준이 가장 높았고 정상군이 가장 낮았다. 기관지천식 환자군과 정신분열증 환자군은 양 극단 사이의 중간 수준을 보여주었다. BIQ 평균점수에서 기관지천식 환자군이 정상군에 비해 유의하게 높았으며(p<0.05), 다른 군간에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. MMPI-A 평균점수 및 TAS 전체 합산 점수 모두에서 각 군은 정상군과 유의한 차이가 없었다. 주제통각검사에서 신경증 환자군은 가장 많은 정동 어휘를 기록하였지만 정상군과는 유의한 차이가 없었는데 비해, 기관지천식 환자군과 정신분열증군 환자군보다 유의하게 많은 정동 어휘 수를 기록하였다(p<0.0001). 즉 기관지천식 환자군은 감정표현불능증적 경향이 주제통각검사에서는 신경증 환자군에 비해서 유의하게 많고(p<0.001), BIQ에서는 정상군에 비해서 유의하게 많은 것으로 나타났으나(p<0.05), TAS, MMPI-A 검사 상에서는 정상군을 포함한 다른 대조군들과 유의하게 구분되지 않았다. 이러한 소견에 따라 본 연구는 감정표현불능증이 기관지천식 환자군만의 특징적 성격 특성이라는 추정에 대한 확실한 답을 얻지는 못하였지만, BIQ는 정상군과 정신신체질환군을 변별하는 데, 그리고 주제통각검사는 신경증군과 정신신체질환군간의 관계를 변별하는 데에는 유용함을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 대상의 수가 적고 보다 다양한 정신신체질환을 대상으로 하지 못하였다는 제한점을 가지고 있지만, 다음과 같은 4가지 연구 방향을 결론 내릴 수 있을 것이다. 첫째 향후 정신신체의학 연구에 있어서 다양한 집단 속에 존재하는 감정표현불능증을 감별해내는 데 있어서 각 도구들이 가진 특정한 변별 특이성을 고려하여 단일 도구가 아닌 각 도구들의 집합체를 종합적으로 이용해야 할 필요성, 둘째 향후의 연구로서 대규모 임상연구에 의한 정신신체질환과 정신병적 상태와의 관련성에 관한 연구, 셋째 외국 검사 도구들의 국내 임상에의 적용 과정에서 보다 철저한 신뢰도 및 타당도 검증과 한국화에 대한 연구 그리고 국내 독창적인 도구의 개발, 넷째 감정표현불능증적 경향이 실재로 정신신체질환에만 특정적으로 존재하는 성격적 소인이 아닐 가능성과 이런 방향으로의 국내 정신신체의학 연구 등이 그것이다. 앞으로 다양한 정신신체질환에서 감정표현불능증과 다른 정신과적 질환과의 관계에 대한 다각도의 연구와 함께 한국적인 상황에서 감정표현불능증을 평가하는 보다 신뢰성 있고 타당성 있는 도구의 개발이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. This study is designed to evaluate psychosomatic characteristics, especially alexithymic tendency, of the patients with bronchial asthma and to determine whether alexithymia is a unique personality characteristic of the patient with classical psychosomatic disorder, using various methods developed for measurement of alexithymia. Thirty normal healthy persons, thirty patients with extrinsic bronchial asthma, thirty schizophrenic patients, and thirty-three neurotic patients were studied to assess differences in alexithymic tendency using the methods of thirty minute psychiatric interview, BIQ, MMPI-A, TAS and TAT. They were also assessed by MMPI and SCL-90-R to evaluate general personality traits and underlying psychopathology. All the groups were in the normal range of the scores of MMPI and SCL-90-R. The neurotic patients showed the highest level of psychopathology, and the normal group the lowest in both inventories. Bronchial asthma and schizophrenic patients, were between the highest and the lowest extremes of the scores. The mean score of BIQ in the bronchial asthma group was significantly higher than that in the normal group(p<0.05) and no difference was found among the other groups. The mean scores of MMPI_A and the total scores of TAS showed no difference among all the groups. In TAT the neurotic patients scored the highest in affect word counts and showed significantly higher counts than ther bronchial asthma patients and schizophrenic patients(p<0.0001), while they showed no significant difference with normal persons. That is, in TAT the group of bronchial asthma had more alexithymic tendency than that of the neurotic patients(p<0.0001), and in BIQ it had more alexithymic tendency than that of normal(p<0.05). Bronchial asthma patients were found to express less emotional words than normal persons and neurotic patients, but were not differentiated any more from groups of the schizophrenic, neurotic, and normal by TAS and MMPI-A. The authors with the inconsistent results of this study, could not confirm the assumption that alexithymia is the personality characteristic of patients with classical psychosomatic disease. But we found that BIQ was useful in discriminating between the groups of normal and psychosomatic disease, and TAT was useful in discriminating between the groups of neurosis and psychosomatic disease with alexithymia construct. This study has some limitations in the number of subjects and the diversity of psychosomatic diseases, but in spite of those limitations the findings of this study suggest some considerations are needed for further investigation. They are as follows: First of all, a study on the need of the combination of multiple tools in consideration of the specific discriminating ability of each tool ; secondly, a clinical study on the relationship between pychosomatic diseases and the psychotic state in a large population ; thirdly, a study on the applications of foreign tools in the Korean culture and on the problem of the validity and reliability of such tools ; and a study is needed on the possibilities that alexithymic tendecy is not a specific predisposing factor of personalities with psychosomatic disorder. It is thought that more variegated studies on the relationships between diverse psychosomatic diseases and alexithymia, and on the development of reliable tools with validity in the measurement of alexithymia in the context of the Korean culture should be taken in further investigations.

골융해 골전이가 있는 악성종양 환자에서 Oral clodronate의 임상적 치료효과

김종숙,곽상혁,강정현,김철희,배광봉,김현수,박상준,최지영,윤환중,조덕연,김삼용 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1997 충남의대잡지 Vol.24 No.1

The skeleton is common metastatic site for cancer. Although bone metastases are not usually life-threatening, they are often the cause of severe morbidity and can produce clinical problems of both acute and a chronic nature. Characteristically. patients experience severe bone pain and pathologic fracture. Hypercalcemia and hypercalciura can occur when the metastatic lesions are predominantly osteolytic and are often worsened by the immobility that results from excessive skeletal pain, especially when weight-bearing bones are involved. The bisphosphonates are enzyme-resistant analogues of pyrophosphate, the naturally occuring inhibitor of bone mineralisation. They bind to hydroxyapatite crystals, inhibit osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. The clinical effect of oral clodronate was assessed in 20 patients with advanced cancer associated with osteolytic bone metastases in an open trial of 4 week duration. The dose was 800-1,600mg/day. The level of calcium on day 7 in hyercalcemic patients was significantly reduced by oral clodronate treatment(p<0.05). In normocalcemic patients the serum calcium level did not change significant statistically after coldronate treatment. The subjective improvement of pain was seen in 60% of patients. The side effect of clodronate was nausea and vomiting but tolerable. In conclusion, oral coldronate provided effective control hypercalcemia and pain associated with osteolytic bone metastases and was well tolerated.

노화지연을 위한 항산화 차의 개발

김종덕,김정한 여수대학교 1999 論文集 Vol.14 No.2

Anti-aging tea was developed by mixing green tea and natural herb bearing anti-oxidant power. Selected herbs were showed stronger anti-oxidant effect than β-carotene. Some of them such as Galla Rhois, Geranii Herba, Cimicifugae Rhizoma. Theae Folium were more stronger anti-oxidant effect than that of synthetic antioxidant of BHA which used for food preservatives. The antioxidative effects of first mixed tea and second mixed tea which mixed green tea and selected herbs were synergistically increased than tea alone. For increasing antioxidant effect and good flavor. the portion of herb for the developed anti-aging tea(CHUNHADAEJANGGUN) was Theae Folium; Paeoniae Radix : Galla Rhois : Cimicifugae Rhizoma=1:3:1:1. CHUNHADAEJANGGUN was superior to teas on the market against antioxidative effect such ass Green Tea. Hyunmi-green Tea, Doochung Tea, Donggyuja Tea. Doongrae Tea, and so on.

백두구, 소두구 및 砂仁의 形態 鑑別에 관한 硏究

金鍾元,任德彬,李暎鍾 대한본초학회 2005 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.20 No.1

Objectives : In order to distinguish Amomi Cardamomi Fructus, Cardamomi Fructus, and Amomi Fructus, their external, internal, and flour states were observed via microscopic examination. Method : The slice of the tested material made by paraffin section technique was colored with Safranine Malachite Green contrast methods, and the flour of it was mounted by the liquid made by the same ratio of each of glycerin, acetic acid, and water, and then observed and photographed by olymphus-BHT. Result : 1. The seed of Amomum cardomomwn Linne is close to a ball-shape, the color of its pericarp is milk-white or light brown with a diameter of 0.8~1.2cm. The seed of Elettaria cardamomum Maton is oval, and the color of its pericarp is light yellow or yellow-green with a length of 1~2cm and diameter of 5~7cm. The seed of Amomum xanthoides Wallich is close to a ball-shape, and the color of its pericarp is yellow-brown or brown, with thin and compact protrusion, and with a length of 1.5~2cm and diameter of 1~1.5cm. 2. As for the internal form, the mesocarp of Amomi Cardamomi Fructus and '1,Cardamomi Fructus shows once-rounded vascular bundles, and that of Amomi Fructus shows once- or twice-rounded vascular bundles. Amomi Cardamomi Fructus has annulus of stone cells layered among vascular bundles, but Cardamomi Fructus and Amomi Fructus do not have them. Endopleura has stone cells, and the stone cells of Cardamomi Fructus are 16~20㎛ long and 10~20㎛ wide, while Cardamomi Fructus itself is 50~60㎛ long and 40㎛ wide, and the stone cells of Amomi Fructus is 12~16㎛ long and 12㎛ wide. 3. In flour states, the cell sizes of endopleura are as follows: Amomi Cardamomi Fructus and Amomi Fructus are small by 9~25㎛, while Cardamomi Fructus is relatively large with a length of 50~60㎛ and width of 40㎛. Conclusion : Significant differences were found among Amomi Cardamomi Fructus, Cardamomi Fructus, and Amomi Fructus in their external forms. In addition, there were also some differences in their internal and flour states. Therefore, they can be distinguished through observation via microscopic examination.

住岩댐 建設에 따른 寶城郡 地域의 生態系 變化 硏究 : 生活環境을 中心으로 Based on the Life Environment

羅德寬,金琮鴻 순천대학교 기초과학연구소 1993 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.4 No.-

In order to study on the change of ecosystem after the construction of Juam dam in Posung-gun, life environment was investigated the soil and water pollution and the physical component of refuse from May 1992 to 1993. The pH of soil was about 6.06. The water quality of the past and that of the present in the upper stream of Posung reservior were all 2nd grade in water quality criteria, and the present trophic state of Posung reservior was eutrophic. The loading of BOD, SS, T-N and T-P due to the pont and the nonpoint source were about 16t/day, 58t/day, 3.5t/day and 1.3t/day, respectively. The compositions of the moisture content, the combustible component and the ignition residue in refuse were 49%, 40% and 12% in annual average, respectively, and the compositions of the combustible and the noncombustible in physical components of refuse were 81% and 19%, respectively.

실리움 응용처방이 高콜레스테롤 흰쥐의 체중 및 혈중 지질 함량에 미치는 영향

任德彬,李暎鍾 대한본초학회 2001 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.16 No.1

Psyllium husk, which is the seed of Plantago psyllium L., Plantago arenaria Waldst. and Kit., or plantago ovata Forsk., belongs to Plantaginaceae family. Because it is absortive and contains much mucous components, it is frequently consumed as a mild laxative for obesity, constipation, diarrhea, cystitis and the other symptoms in the western countries. To prove clinical utility, the herbal compounds of psyllium husk(containing psyllium husk, Polygoni Multiflori Radix, Visci Ramulus, and Polygonati Rhizoma) have been dosed to the rats caused obesity by high cholesterol diet. The results are as follows. 1. The herbal compounds of psyllium husk dosed to obese rats are useful for the inhibition of weight gain and the decrease of dietary intake. 2. The herbal compounds of psyllium husk dosed to obese rats show a slight decrease of fecal lipid levels(but without statistical significance). 3. The herbal compounds of psyllium husk dosed to obese rats decrease serum total cholesterol levels. 4. The herbal compounds of psyllium husk dosed to obese rats show a slight decrease of serum triglyceride levels(but without statistical significance). 5. The herbal compounds of psyllium husk show no changes to serum HDL cholesterol levels. These results suggest that the herbal compounds of psyllium husk could be useful for the inhibition of appetite and the decrease of serum cholesterol levels.

Glucoamylase의 고정화를 위한 修飾 羊毛 支持體의 開發

金鍾德 麗水水産大學校産業技術硏究所 1997 産業基術硏究所 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

Modified wool, dithiocarbamated wool(DTC-wool), was synthetized by partial hydrolysis in 0.2N-NaOH reacting with carbon disulfide, and DTC-Cu+-wool, OA-wool. H-wool was prepared to use glucoamylase immobilization matrix. Activity of each immobilized glucoamylase was controlled by NH₂-spacer reagent, which was low molecular weight, short chain, linear form and its stucture. OA-Gase was best activity of each immobilized glucoamylase, and Km', Vmax', reduced glucose of OA-Gase were 1.38x10-³mole/ml, 3.60x10-⁴mole/ml/min, 5.67x10-³mole/ml, respectively, while reduced glucose of native glucoamylase was 5.81x110-³mole/ml.

Clozapine과 Haloperidol이 흰쥐의 미상피각과 측좌핵에서 Proenkephalin, Protachykinin 및 Proneurotensin의 유전자 표현에 미치는 영향

이종범,조희중,임효덕 대한생물치료정신의학회 1995 생물치료정신의학 Vol.1 No.1

Clozapine의 약리장용기전을 보다 구체적으로 밝혀보기 위하여, in situ hybridization의 방법을 이용하여 clozapine과 전형적 항정신병약물인 haloperidol의 장기 투여(28일간)가 흰쥐 미상피각 및 측좌핵에서 pENK, pTAK, pNT의 유전자 표현에 미치는 영향을 비교 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. pENK 유전자 표현에 미치는 영향 대조군의 경우 미상피각 및 측좌핵에 많은 pENK-mRNA 함유신경세포가 관찰되었다. Haloperidol 투여군의 경우 대조군에 비하여 미상피각에서 pENK-mRNA 함유신경세포들이 유의한 숫적증가를 보였으며(P<0.05). 측좌핵에서는 pENK-mRNA 함유신경세포의 유의한 숫적증가는 관찰되지 않았으나 pENK-mRNA 함유신경세포상의 은입자수의 유의한 증가가 관찰되었다(P<0.05). Clozapine 투여군의 경우 대조군에 비하여 미상피각 및 측좌핵에서 pENK-mRNA 함유신경세포의 수 혹은 pENK-mRNA 함유신경세포상의 은입자수의 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 2. pTAK 유전자 표현에 미치는 영향 대조군의 경우 많은 pTAK-mRNA 함유신경세포가 미상피각 및 측좌핵에서 관찰되었으며 미상피각에서는 외측부에서 내측부보다 더 많은 pTAK-mRNA 함유신경세포를 함유하고 있었다. Haloperidol 투여군의 경우 대조군에 비하여 미상피각에서는 pTAK-mRNA 함유신경세포의 유의한 숫적감소(P<0.05) 및 pTAK-mRNA 함유신경세포상의 은입자수의 유의한 숫적감소가 관찰되었다 (P<0.05). 측좌핵에서도 대조군에 비하여pTAK-mRNA 함유신경세포의 유의한 숫적감소(P<0.05) 및 pTAK-mRNA 함유신경세포상의 은입자수의 유의한 숫적감소가 관찰되었다(P<0.05). Clozapine 투여군의 경우 대조군에 비하여 미상피각 및 측좌핵에서 pTAK-mRNA 함유신경세포의 수 혹은 pTAK-mRNA 함유신경세포상의 은입자수의 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 3. pNT 유전자 표현에 미치는 영향 대조군의 경우 pNT-mRNA 함유신경세포는 미상피각에서는 매우 드물게 관찰되었으며 측좌핵의 경우 대조군에 비하여 미상피각 및 측좌핵에서 pNT-mRNA 함유신경세포 및 이들 세포상의 은입자수의 변화는 관찰되지 않았고, clozapine 투여군의 경우도 대조군에 비하여 아무런 변화가 관찰되지 않았다. 이상과 같은 연구결과는 clozapine을 장기투여할 경우, ENK, TAK 및 NT의 합성에 아무런 영향을 미치지 않음으로써, clozapine은 dopamine계나 dopamine계와 관련이 많은 GABA계, acethylcholine계와는 무관한 기전으로 작용하며 따라서 extra-dopaminergic system과의 관련성이 보다 중요한 기전임을 시사하고 있다고 하겠다. The goal of this study was to clarify pharmacological action mechanisms of clozapine(atypical antipsychotics) compared with haloperidol(typical antipsychotics). The author observed the level of proenkephalin(pENK) mRNA, protachykinin(pTAK) mRNA and proneurotensin(pNT) mRNA in the caudate putamen(CP) and nucleus accumbens(NA) of the rat with in situ hybridization histochemistry after chronic treatment for 28 days with haloperido(1mg/kg) and clozapine(20mg/kg). The results were as follows: 1) Haloperidol induced the elevated level of pENK-mRNA in CP and NA, but clozapine made no significant changes in the level of pENK-mRNA in both areas. 2) Haloperidol decreased the level of pTAK-mRNA in CP and NA, but clozapine made no significant changes in the level of pTAK-mRNA in both areas 3) The level of mRNA was not changed in CP and NA after chronic administration of haloperidol or clozapine. The results suggest that the longterm phamacological action mechanisms of clozapine were not related with the dopaminergic system and might also be unrelated with GABA system and Ach system, which have close connections with the dopaminergic system. So, clozapine is suspected to have a more important effect on the extradopaminergic system.