The γ-to-α Transformation of Hot Rolled Austenite

Jonas, J . J .,Wittridge, N . J . 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 2000 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.6 No.3

A phase transformation model is described that is based entirely on the presence of dislocations in deformed austenite. Each of the 24 possible burgers vectors associated with the glide dislocations in a given crystal leads to the presence of a particular $quot;positive slip$quot; transformation variant. These are illustrated for the seven main components of the fcc rolling fibre and are shown to be responsible for the presence of the so-called transformed brass component. The transformed copper component, on the other hand, is demonstrated to arise entirely from the reaction of in-plane glide dislocations. The superposition of the positive slip and reaction variants is shown to lead to an overall texture that is in excellent agreement with experimental observations. Such calculations involve the weighting of each variant according to the intensity of the parent orientation from which it is derived as well as of the relevant slip activity. The calculations indicate that the texture of rolled austenite resembles that of rolled brass much more than rolled copper. They also demonstrate that the rejected negative slip variants are associated with high intensities of the {100}$lt;011$gt; component (and the presence of the {100}$lt;001$gt;), which are not observed experimentally and that the rejected miscellaneous components would lead to the presence of the rotated Goss, {110}$lt;110$gt;, which is also absent in experimental textures. Analysis of the full three-dimensional ODF verifies that the φ₂=45° cross-section is sufficient to display all the important characteristics of the transformation texture.

Scenario based optimization of a container vessel with respect to its projected operating conditions

Jonas Wagner,Eva Binkowski,Robert Bronsart 대한조선학회 2014 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.6 No.2

In this paper the scenario based optimization of the bulbous bow of the KRISO Container Ship (KCS) is presented. The optimization of the parametrically modeled vessel is based on a statistically developed operational profile generated from noon-to-noon reports of a comparable 3600 TEU container vessel and specific development functions representing the growth of global economy during the vessels service time. In order to consider uncertainties, statistical fluctuations are added. An analysis of these data lead to a number of most probable upcoming operating con-ditions (OC) the vessel will stay in the future. According to their respective likeliness an objective function for the evalu-ation of the optimal design variant of the vessel is derived and implemented within the parametrical optimization workbench FRIENDSHIP Framework. In the following this evaluation is done with respect to vessel’s calculated effec-tive power based on the usage of potential flow code. The evaluation shows, that the usage of scenarios within the opti-mization process has a strong influence on the hull form.

Design and Implementation of Continuous Control for Household Electric Fan Speed for Virtual Reality Applications

Jonas John Claud,Dae-Young Na,Daseong Han 국제문화기술진흥원 2022 International Journal of Advanced Culture Technolo Vol.10 No.4

Virtual Reality (VR) has been widely used in various applications to generate realistic virtual environments. A sense of immersion can be increased by providing additional stimuli such as tactile sensation to VR contents. However, it is still challenging to provide a realistic feel for the wind blowing over the whole body by smoothly controlling the airflow. To address this issue, we employ a household electric fan as a wind generating device to provide users with wind experience in VR environments. The wind generating device targets the whole body to mimic the wind we feel outside in our daily life. To do so, we present a low-cost method to smoothly control household fan speed using an Arduino microcontroller. Here, we use the Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) technique to generate the sinusoidal voltage required to drive the fan motor. Our experimental results show how Variable Voltage Variable Frequency (VVVF) is implemented at a low cost using our method for household fan speed control. The results can be applied to various VR applications to enhance the sense of immersion by providing users with realistic wind.

Microkinetic model validation for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis at methanation conditions based on steady state isotopic transient kinetic analysis

Jonas Van Belleghem,Jia Yang,Pieter Janssens,Jeroen Poissonnier,De Chen,Guy B. Marin,Joris W. Thybaut 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.105 No.-

A Single-Event MicroKinetic (SEMK) model has been extended towards the simulation of Steady StateIsotopic Transient Kinetic Analysis (SSITKA) data for Co catalyzed Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (FTS). Theextended model considers two types of sites and both direct and H-assisted CO dissociation. Regression of the model parameters to the data obtained from 17 steady state and 11 SSITKA experimentsresulted in physicochemically meaningful estimates for the activation energies and atomic chemisorptionenthalpies. The application of the phenomenological UBI-QEP method allows to physically interpret thenature of the two site types considered in the model, i.e., terrace and step sites. A reaction path analysisshows that over 80 percent of the CO reacts on the step sites. Furthermore, chain growth exclusivelyoccurs on these sites. The terrace sites are less reactive for CO dissociation and are identified as responsiblefor methane production. A fraction of the alkenes, produced on the step sites, is hydrogenated toalkanes on the terrace sites. Based on model simulations, the metal particle size effect, i.e., a lowerTOF, higher methane selectivity and increasing alkane to alkene ratio with decreasing metal particle size,is attributed to an increasing relative importance of the terrace sites on the reaction kinetics.

Design of a combined cartilage graft crusher, morselizer and holder for use in rhinoplasty

Jonas Röjdmark,Mubashir Cheema 대한성형외과학회 2019 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.46 No.3

A combined cartilage holder and crusher is described that allows the surgeon to hold, crush, morselize, and suture a single piece or stack of cartilage graft without letting it slip. The customized slit-shaped jaws allow adequate room for the suture needle, while the serrated surfaces hold the cartilage firmly. The use of this instrument is advocated primarily in rhinoplasty for manipulating and suturing a small cartilage graft or a stack of grafts. The use of this instrument may be extended to aesthetic or reconstructive cases where cartilage grafts need to be sutured or shaped, as in eyelid, ear, and nipple reconstruction.

INNOVATION STRATEGIES OF INDEPENDENT LUXURY BRANDS

Jonas Hoffmann,Laurent Lecamp,Carl F. Bucherer 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2015 Global Fashion Management Conference Vol.2015 No.06

The world of luxury is harboring an endangered species: that of the independent companies! In an increasingly-challenging and globalized luxury environment, companies are fighting to escape from the ever-growing clout of luxury “conglomerates” - Swatch Group, LVMH, Kering, and Richemont. As of 2015, these “big four” own more than 100 brands and are maintaining a constant pace of acquisitions , relying on vertical integration to secure supplies (and deprive competitors of them) which has particularly insidious consequences for independents. Most independents are struggling to survive and end up being acquired or going out of business. Interestingly, this same movement towards consolidation is rendering brands more and more uniform, thus creating opportunities for players able to craft unique offerings for niche luxury clientele. Innovation is the path to follow in this challenging journey. Based on a multiple case study analysis of innovative independent luxury companies, we have identified four innovation strategies (Hoffmann & Lecamp, 2015). “Back to the roots” include independent companies innovating in the essence of luxury: extreme quality and extraordinary craftsmanship to create the ultimate sensorial and emotional experience. For companies like Vignes, Thomas Mercer, Mirazur by Mauro Collagreco, Norlha and Brunello Cucinelli, luxury is rooted in a terroir and a sense of purpose permeates this endeavor. “Code breakers” are playing with product and societal codes to culturally innovate and build the icons of today and tomorrow. Examples include Martin Margiela and Miuccia Prada in fashion, Fernando & Humberto Campana in furniture design, and HYT in watchmaking. “Eagle in the aquarium” companies are disrupting the way luxury companies create, deliver and capture value. Globalization and digitization are powerful enablers to reconfigure resources at the levels of funding (e.g. crowdfunding), design (e.g. 3D design), manufacturing (e.g. 3D printing), distribution (e.g. online platforms), marketing and communication (e.g. online social networks). “Game changers” are building breakthrough innovations at the product and business model levels. Comme des Garçons, Etudes Studio, Iris Van Herpen, MB&F, and W Motors are independents taking bold initiatives in a fascinating and inspiring journey. Managerial implications and venues for future research will be highlighted during the conference.

Comparison of Chronologic Change in the Size and Contrast-Enhancement of Ablation Zones on CT Images after Irreversible Electroporation and Radiofrequency Ablation

Jonas Scheck,Philipp Bruners,David Schindler,Christiane Kuhl,Peter Isfort 대한영상의학회 2018 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.19 No.4

Objective: To compare short-, mid-, and long-term follow-up ablation zone volume alterations as well as imaging features on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) after irreversible electroporation (IRE) of primary and secondary liver tumors with findings subsequent to radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Materials and Methods: Volume assessment of 39 ablation zones (19 RFA, 20 IRE) after intervention was performed at four time intervals (day 0 [t1; n = 39], day 1–7 [t2; n = 25], day 8–55 [t3; n = 28], after day 55 [t4; n = 23]) on dual-phase CT. Analysis of peripheral rim enhancement was conducted. Lesion’s volume decrease relative to the volume at t1 was calculated and statistically analyzed with respect to patient’s sex, age, ablation modality (IRE/RFA), and history of platinum-based chemotherapy (PCT). Results: No influence of patient’s sex or age on ablation volume was detected. The decrease in ablation zones’ volume was significantly larger (p < 0.05 for all time intervals) after IRE (arterial phase, 7.5%; venous phase, 9.7% of initial volume) compared to RFA (arterial phase, 39.6%; venous phase, 45.3% of initial volume). After RFA, significantly smaller decreases in the ablation volumes, in general, were detected in patients treated with PCT in their history (p = 0.004), which was not detected after IRE (p = 0.288). In the arterial phase, peripheral rim enhancement was frequently detected after both IRE and RFA. In the venous phase, rim-enhancement was depicted significantly more often following IRE at t1 and t2 (pt1 = 0.003, pt2 < 0.001). Conclusion: As per our analysis, ablation zone volume decreased significantly in a more rapid and more profound manner after IRE. Lesion’s remodeling after RFA but not IRE seems to be influenced by PCT, possibly due to the type of cell death induced by the different ablation modalities.

Five-fold Gastrointestinal Electrical Stimulation With Electromyography-based Activity Analysis: Towards Multilocular Theranostic Intestinal Implants

Jonas F Schiemer,Axel Heimann,Karin H Somerlik-Fuchs,Roman Ruff,Klaus-Peter Hoffmann,Jan Baumgart,Manfred Berres,Hauke Lang,Werner Kneist 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2019 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.25 No.3

Background/AimsMotility disorders are common and may affect the entire gastrointestinal (GI) tract but current treatment is limited. Multilocularsensing of GI electrical activity and variable electrical stimulation (ES) is a promising option. The aim of our study is to investigate theeffects of adjustable ES on poststimulatory spike activities in 5 GI segments. MethodsSix acute porcine experiments were performed with direct ES by 4 ES parameter sets (30 seconds, 25 mA, 500 microseconds or1000 microseconds, 30 Hz or 130 Hz) applied through subserosal electrodes in the stomach, duodenum, ileum, jejunum, and colon. Multi-channel electromyography of baseline and post-stimulatory GI electrical activity were recorded for 3 minutes with hook needleand hook-wire electrodes. Spike activities were algorithmically calculated, visualized in a heat map, and tested for significance byPoisson analysis. ResultsPost-stimulatory spike activities were markedly increased in the stomach (7 of 24 test results), duodenum (8 of 24), jejunum (23 of24), ileum (18 of 24), and colon (5 of 24). ES parameter analysis revealed that 80.0% of the GI parts (all but duodenum) required apulse width of 1000 microseconds, and 60.0% (all but jejunum and colon) required 130 Hz frequency for maximum spike activity. Fivereaction patterns were distinguished, with 30.0% earlier responses (type I), 42.5% later or mixed type responses (type II, III, and X),and 27.5% non-significant responses (type 0). ConclusionsMultilocular ES with variable ES parameters is feasible and may significantly modulate GI electrical activity. Automatedelectromyography analysis revealed complex reaction patterns in the 5 examined GI segments.

Two-Photon Near-Field Characterization of Hexaphenyl Nanofibers

Jonas Beermann,Sergey I. Bozhevolnyi 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.47 No.1

Using a two-photon scanning near-field optical microscope (SNOM) working in transmission we observe two-photon induced (TPI) luminescence from hexaphenyl nanofibers deposited on mica sheets. The nanofibers consist of organic hexaphenyl molecules that, due to a surface-dipole-assisted epitaxial growth process on a cleaved mica substrate, form almost perfectly aligned very thin (100 . 400 nm) and very long (up to mm) fibers (nanoneedles) with heights of 20 . 100 nm. We apply the two-photon SNOM for high-resolution mapping of local molecular orientations in nanofibers. Taking the width of nanofibers into account we evaluate the resolution being better than 0.4 μm in the TPI-images and slightly worse in the topographic and fundamental harmonic images. From the ratio of TPI luminescence signals for two perpendicular polarizations of illumination we determine the local (with the resolution of 0.4 μm) molecular orientation angles along the nanofibers. The molecular orientation angles obtained are comparable to our recent results obtained using twophoton scanning far-field microscopy.4

Undergraduate Medical Education

Jonas, Harry S.,Etzel, Sylvia I.,Barzansky, Barbara MediMedia Korea 1990 JAMA-Korea Vol.5 No.11