Mannich Reaction as a Key Strategy for the Synthesis of Trifluoroethyl Derived Tertiary and Secondary Amine

Jin Yi,Su Guodong,Yu Jiangang 대한화학회 2021 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.42 No.6

A Mannich reaction of 2,2,2-trifluoroethylamine hydrochloride, paraformaldehyde and acetophenone was described both in oil bath and microwave-heating conditions to give main products varied from trifluoroethyl derived tertiary to secondary amine. In the microwave-heating manner, the reaction was carried out in a commercial available microwave oven and took only 10 min to complete this transformation. After a simple post-treatment including washing and recrystallization, the product of trifluoroethyl derived secondary amine was obtained in high yield (71.4%).

항만과 도시의 관계 재정립을 통한 부산항과 부산의 연계성 강화 연구

최진이 ( Choi¸ Jin-yi ) 부산광역시사편찬위원회 2021 항도부산 Vol.41 No.-

항만은 해상운송의 기점(起點)이자 종점(終點)으로 해상과 육상의 연결지점이며, 항공·철도·수로 등 교통수단을 이용하여 각 항만, 도시, 공장 등과 화물의 흐름을 연결해 주는 교점(交點, node)으로서의 기능을 수행한다. 부산항은 경제적으로 국가의 국제교역의 중요한 관문(關門)이기도 하지만, 인문·사회적으로는 국가 또는 부산이라는 도시공간 내에서 내국(內國)과 외국(外國)의 사회·문화가 공존하는 혼종(混種)의 장소로 도시라는 인간공간과 결합하여 해항도시(海港都市)라는 특유한 사회·문화적 현상을 발원(發源)하는 공간이기도 하였다. 부산항은 산업과 상업의 중추적 가교 역할을 하면서 동시에 재화와 서비스를 생산하는 공간으로서의 기능을 담당하며 사람과 자본이 집중하고 문화적 교류가 활발히 일어나는 공간이다. 많은 국가들을 대표하는 도시들이 항만과 함께 성장하고 발전해 왔다. 항만이 도시에 기여하는 정도는 도시의 형성단계와 도시발전의 초기단계에서 그 효과가 더욱 크게 나타나는 경향이 있다. 즉 도시가 제조업을 중심으로 산업화(industrialization)와 고도화를 거치는 과정에서 대량의 원자재 조달에서부터 대량의 완제품을 제조·생산하기까지, 재화를 생산하는 일련의 과정들이 원활하게 작동하기 위해서는 해상운송에의 절대적 의존은 불가피하였다. 도시발전의 기반이 되는 재화생산이 해상운송에의 의존도가 증가함에 따라 항만이 갖는 물류기반시설로써의 기능은 도시발전의 핵심동력으로 작용하게 되었다. 이와 같이 초기에는 항만이 도시의 형성과 산업화를 지원함으로써 도시발전에 크게 이바지하기도 하였지만, 시간이 경과함에 따라 항만의 지원에 힘입어 발달한 도시가 발전하여 거꾸로 항만에 대한 지원을 이끌어 냄으로써 항만의 발달에 도시가 기여하는 공생관계가 형성되었다. 그러나 국가경제가 성숙단계를 거쳐 고도화 되어 대량소비단계로 접어들고 점차 제조업 중심의 국가 산업구조가 서비스산업 중심으로 재편되면서 탈산업화(deindustrialization)가 급속하게 진행되었다. 이에 따라 도시의 발전 역시 제조업 중심에서 서비스산업 중심으로 그 산업기반이 변화하게 되었다. 이처럼 도시의 형성과 발전에 기반이 되어 주었던 제조업이 산업의 중심에서 밀려나고 도시의 주력산업이 서비스산업을 중심으로 재편됨에 따라 도시의 제조활동은 도시 외곽으로 밀려나거나 산업단지로 집적되었고, 도시의 생산활동에 대한 항만의 지원기능 역시 점차 위축됨에 따라 부산항과 부산의 연계성은 점점 약화되고 있다. 이 논문은 항만과 도시의 관계를 살펴보고, 부산항과 부산의 관계를 살펴본 다음, 부산항이 부산에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 항만과 도시의 관계 재정립을 통한 부산항과 부산의 연계성 강화를 모색하고자 하였다. Port is the place where sea transport begins and ends. Port is a connection point between sea transportation and land transportation. Port is an important gateway for international trade in the economy. In addition, it is a space where various cultures coexist in one country or region in the humanities and society. Port serves as a bridge between industry and commerce, and is also a space for producing goods and services. Port is the space where people and capital gather, and the place where cultural exchanges take place actively. Port and city have developed with close influence on each other. Port has greatly contributed to the formation of cities and their growth. As a result, many cities representing the country have grown and developed with port. Port has contributed greatly to the development of the city. However, as de-industrialization progressed, port problems began to emerge. The environmental issues such as air pollution, water pollution and noise pollution from ports have emerged as social issues. The city's dependence on ports has been greatly reduced. And then Citizens needed space for leisure time or marine activities rather than the economics of the port. However, ports are a very important industrial area in the country. It is necessary to find ways to develop cooperative development between cities and ports. In this paper, the relationship between the port and the city was and a plan for linking and developing the port and the city was sought. In this paper, I examined first the relationship between ports and cities, and seek ways of linking and developing ports and cities.

Childhood Sexual Abuse and Cortical Thinning in Adults With Major Depressive Disorder

Jinyi Kim(Jinyi Kim),Chanju Lee(Chanju Lee),Youbin Kang(Youbin Kang),Wooyoung Kang(Wooyoung Kang),Aram Kim(Aram Kim),Woo-Suk Tae(Woo-Suk Tae),Byung-Joo Ham(Byung-Joo Ham),Jisoon Chang(Jisoon Chang),Ky 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.3

Objective A growing body of evidence reports on the effect of different types of childhood abuse on the structural and functional architecture of the brain. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the differences in cortical thickness according to specific types of childhood abuse between patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls (HCs). Methods A total of 61 patients with MDD and 98 HCs were included in this study. All participants underwent T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, and the occurrence of childhood abuse was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. We investigated the association between whole-brain cortical thickness and exposure to any type of childhood abuse and specific type of childhood abuse in the total sample using the FreeSurfer software. Results No significant difference was reported in the cortical thickness between the MDD and HC groups nor between the “any abuse” and “no abuse” groups. Compared to no exposure to childhood sexual abuse (CSA), exposure to CSA was significantly associated with cortical thinning in the left rostral middle frontal gyrus (p=0.00020), left (p=0.00240), right fusiform gyri (p=0.00599), and right supramarginal gyrus (p=0.00679). Conclusion Exposure to CSA may lead to cortical thinning of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which is deeply involved in emotion regulation, to a greater extent than other types of childhood abuse.

Theoretical Consideration of Nondestructive Testing by use of Vertical Magnetization and Magneto-Optical Sensor

Jinyi Lee,Tetsuo Shoji,Dowon Seo 대한기계학회 2004 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.18 No.4

This paper describes a new magnetization method for non-destructive testing with magneto-optical sensor (denoted as MO sensor) which have the following characteristic; high observation sensitivity, independence of the crack orientation. and precise imaging of a complex crack geometry such as multiple cracks. When a magnetic field is applied normally to the surface of a specimen which is significantly larger than its defects, approximately the same magnetic charge per unit area occurs on the surface of the specimen. If there is a crack in the specimen. magnetic charge per unit area has the same value at the bottom of the crack. The distribution of the vertical component of the magnetic !lux density. Bz. is almost uniform over the no-crack area (denoted as Bz,??). while the magnetic !lux density is smaller in the surroundings of the crack (denoted as Bz,??). If Bz,BASE is a bit larger than the saturated magnetic !lux density of the MO sensor (Bs). then small magnetic domains occur over the crack area and a large domain over the non-crack area because Bz,?? is smaller than Bs.

A Study on the Relationships between Critical Thinking Disposition and Job Satisfaction of Clinical Nurse

Jinyi Kim,Kwuy Bun Kim 한국간호과학회 2007 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.11

Bobbin-Type Solid-State Hall Sensor Array With High Spatial Resolution for Cracks Inspection in Small-Bore Piping Systems

Jinyi Lee,Jongwoo Jun,Jungmin Kim,Hoyoon Choi,Minhhuy Le IEEE 2012 IEEE transactions on magnetics Vol.48 No.11

<P>Bobbin coil and bobbin-type Hall sensor arrays are proposed as an alternative for crack inspection inside a small-bore piping system. The cracks can be imaged at high speed without using a scanner since the electromagnetic (EM) field is distorted by the cracks. An array of 32 × 32 Hall sensors with 0.78 mm spatial resolution was set in a cylinder with diameter of 15 mm and length of 24.96 mm. A bobbin coil operating at 5 kHz of alternating current was positioned inside of a piping system and the sensor array outside the cylinder. Distorted EM fields around outside diameter stress corrosion cracking was imaged at 1 frame/s.</P>

A Survey on Path Planning Algorithms for UAVs in Wireless Ad-hoc Networks under Time Constraints

JinYi Yoon,Narangerelt Batsoyol,SungJu Doh,HyungJune Lee 한국통신학회 2017 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.6

Nondestructive Testing of Train Wheels Using Vertical Magnetization and Differential-Type Hall-Sensor Array

Jinyi Lee,Myoungki Choi,Jongwoo Jun,Seokjin Kwon,Joo-Hyung Kim,Jungmin Kim,Minhhuy Le IEEE 2012 IEEE transactions on instrumentation and measureme Vol.61 No.9

<P>This study proposes a differential-type Hall-sensor array and vertical magnetizers used to improve the detection ability of crack in express-train wheels. In addition, exclusive parallel signal-conditioning circuits, analog-to-digital converting circuits, and interface were developed to reduce measurement time. The permanent magnet applies a vertical magnetic field on the wheel, while the differential-type linearly integrated Hall-sensor array measures the distribution of the magnetic field around a crack. The proposed method was verified by experiments.</P>

A Survey on Approximation Algorithms for Path Planning of UAVs

JinYi Yoon,HyungJune Lee 한국통신학회 2018 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.43 No.1

Nanoporous Copper Fabricated by Dealloying Mn–Cu Precursors with Minor Nickel Element Addition and Heat Treatment Coarsening

Jinyi Wang,Sen Yang 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2018 NANO Vol.13 No.5

Nanoporous copper (NPC) and nanoporous copper-nickel (NPC-Ni) can be prepared by free corrosion dealloying Mn72 Cu28-x Nix (x = 0, 1, 3 at.% Ni) precursor alloys. Microscopic morphology characterization by scanning electron microscopy exhibited a three-dimensional bicontinuous porous structure with nanoscale ligaments and pores. NPC with a pore size of 48.7nm was obtained in 0.1M hydrochloric acid solution for 3.5 h dealloyed at 25 ℃. Under the same free corrosion dealloying condition, NPC-Ni1 and NPC-Ni3 were obtained with the pore size of 36.6nm and 28.1 nm, respectively. The results indicate that minor Ni atoms addition to the precursor greatly refined the dealloyed nanoporous structure. This effect could be attributed to the lower Ni surface diffusivity than that of Cu and resulted in slow down of the diffusion and rearrangement of Cu atoms during dealloying process. Post-dealloying heat treatment at 300 ℃, 450 ℃ and 600 ℃ made the ligaments coarsen in NPC and NPC-Ni.