Fast CU Encoding Schemes Based on Merge Mode and Motion Estimation for HEVC Inter Prediction

( Jinfu Wu ),( Baolong Guo ),( Jie Hou ),( Yunyi Yan ),( Jie Jiang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.3

The emerging video coding standard High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) has shown almost 40% bit-rate reduction over the state-of-the-art Advanced Video Coding (AVC) standard but at about 40% computational complexity overhead. The main reason for HEVC computational complexity is the inter prediction that accounts for 60%-70% of the whole encoding time. In this paper, we propose several fast coding unit (CU) encoding schemes based on the Merge mode and motion estimation information to reduce the computational complexity caused by the HEVC inter prediction. Firstly, an early Merge mode decision method based on motion estimation (EMD) is proposed for each CU size. Then, a Merge mode based early termination method (MET) is developed to determine the CU size at an early stage. To provide a better balance between computational complexity and coding efficiency, several fast CU encoding schemes are surveyed according to the rate-distortion-complexity characteristics of EMD and MET methods as a function of CU sizes. These fast CU encoding schemes can be seamlessly incorporated in the existing control structures of the HEVC encoder without limiting its potential parallelization and hardware acceleration. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed schemes achieve 19%-46% computational complexity reduction over the HEVC test model reference software, HM 16.4, at a cost of 0.2%-2.4% bit-rate increases under the random access coding configuration. The respective values under the low-delay B coding configuration are 17%-43% and 0.1%-1.2%.

Ginsenoside Rg1 supplementation clears senescence-associated β-galactosidase in exercising human skeletal muscle

Jinfu Wu,Suchada Saovieng,I-Shiung Cheng,Tiemin Liu,Shangyu Hong,Chang-Yu Lin,I-Chen Su,Chih-Yang Huang,Chia-Hua Kuo 고려인삼학회 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.4

Background: Ginsenoside Rg1 has been shown to clear senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) in cultured cells. It remains unknown whether Rg1 can influence SA-β-gal in exercising human skeletal muscle. Methods: To examine SA-β-gal change, 12 young men (age 21±0.2 years) were enrolled in a randomized double-blind placebo controlled crossover study, under two occasions: placebo (PLA) and Rg1 (5 mg) supplementations 1 h prior to a high-intensity cycling (70% VO2max). Muscle samples were collected by multiple biopsies before and after cycling exercise (0 h and 3 h). To avoid potential effect of muscle biopsy on performance assessment, cycling time to exhaustion test (80% VO2max) was conducted on another 12 participants (age 23±0.5 years) with the same experimental design. Results: No changes of SA-β-gal were observed after cycling in the PLA trial. On the contrary, nine of the 12 participants showed complete elimination of SA-β-gal in exercised muscle after cycling in the Rg1 trial (p < 0.05). Increases in apoptotic DNA fragmentation (PLA: +87% vs. Rg1: +133%, p < 0.05) and CD68+(PLA:+78% vs. Rg1:+121%, p=0.17) occurred immediately after cycling in both trials. During the 3-h recovery, reverses in apoptotic nuclei content (PLA:+5% vs. Rg1:-32%, p<0.01) and increases in inducible nitrate oxide synthase and interleukin 6 mRNA levels of exercised muscle were observed only in the Rg1 trial (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Rg1 supplementation effectively eliminates senescent cells in exercising human skeletal muscle and improves high-intensity endurance performance.

A Fast TU Size Decision Method for HEVC RQT Coding

( Jinfu Wu ),( Baolong Guo ),( Yunyi Yan ),( Jie Hou ),( Dan Zhao ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.6

The emerging high efficiency video coding (HEVC) standard adopts the quadtree-structured transform unit (TU) in the residual quadtree (RQT) coding. Each TU allows to be split into four equal sub-TUs recursively. The RQT coding is performed for all the possible transform depth levels to achieve the highest coding efficiency, but it requires a very high computational complexity for HEVC encoders. In order to reduce the computational complexity requested by the RQT coding, in this paper, we propose a fast TU size decision method incorporating an adaptive maximum transform depth determination (AMTD) algorithm and a full check skipping - early termination (FCS-ET) algorithm. Because the optimal transform depth level is highly content-dependent, it is not necessary to perform the RQT coding at all transform depth levels. By the AMTD algorithm, the maximum transform depth level is determined for current treeblock to skip those transform depth levels rarely used by its spatially adjacent treeblocks. Additionally, the FCS-ET algorithm is introduced to exploit the correlations of transform depth level between four sub-CUs generated by one coding unit (CU) quadtree partitioning. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed overall algorithm significantly reduces on average 21% computational complexity while maintaining almost the same rate distortion (RD) performance as the HEVC test model reference software, HM 13.0.

Ginsenoside Rg1 supplementation clears senescence-associated β-galactosidase in exercising human skeletal muscle

Wu, Jinfu,Saovieng, Suchada,Cheng, I-Shiung,Liu, Tiemin,Hong, Shangyu,Lin, Chang-Yu,Su, I-Chen,Huang, Chih-Yang,Kuo, Chia-Hua The Korean Society of Ginseng 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.4

Background: Ginsenoside Rg1 has been shown to clear senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-${\beta}$-gal) in cultured cells. It remains unknown whether Rg1 can influence SA-${\beta}$-gal in exercising human skeletal muscle. Methods: To examine SA-${\beta}$-gal change, 12 young men (age $21{\pm}0.2years$) were enrolled in a randomized double-blind placebo controlled crossover study, under two occasions: placebo (PLA) and Rg1 (5 mg) supplementations 1 h prior to a high-intensity cycling (70% $VO_{2max}$). Muscle samples were collected by multiple biopsies before and after cycling exercise (0 h and 3 h). To avoid potential effect of muscle biopsy on performance assessment, cycling time to exhaustion test (80% $VO_{2max}$) was conducted on another 12 participants (age $23{\pm}0.5years$) with the same experimental design. Results: No changes of SA-${\beta}$-gal were observed after cycling in the PLA trial. On the contrary, nine of the 12 participants showed complete elimination of SA-${\beta}$-gal in exercised muscle after cycling in the Rg1 trial (p < 0.05). Increases in apoptotic DNA fragmentation (PLA: +87% vs. Rg1: +133%, p < 0.05) and $CD68^+$ (PLA:+78% vs. Rg1:+121%, p = 0.17) occurred immediately after cycling in both trials. During the 3-h recovery, reverses in apoptotic nuclei content (PLA:+5% vs. Rg1 -32%, p < 0.01) and increases in inducible nitrate oxide synthase and interleukin 6 mRNA levels of exercised muscle were observed only in the Rg1 trial (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Rg1 supplementation effectively eliminates senescent cells in exercising human skeletal muscle and improves high-intensity endurance performance.

The effect of internal axial forces of a cantilever beam with a lumped mass at its free end

Zhang, Jinfu Techno-Press 2018 Coupled systems mechanics Vol.7 No.3

When a cantilever beam with a lumped mass at its free end undergoes free transverse vibration, internal axial forces are produced in the beam. Such internal axial forces have an effect on free transverse vibration of the beam. This effect is studied in this paper. The equations of motion for the beam in terms of the generalized coordinates including the effect are derived. The method for determining free transverse vibration of the beam including the effect is presented. In numerical simulations, the results of free transverse vibration of the free end of the beam including and not including the effect are obtained. Based on comparison between the results obtained, the conclusions concerning the effect are given.

9~12세기 중한불교교류의 각 시기와 특징

쳔진푸(Chen Jinfu) 한국불교연구원 2006 불교연구 Vol.25 No.-

Low Level Segmentation of Motion Capture Data based on Hierarchical Clustering with Cosine Distance

Yang Yang,Jinfu Chen,Zhanzhan Liu,Yongzhao Zhan,Xinyu Wang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.8 No.4

3D motion capture is to track and record human movements. In recent years, it has been applied into many fields, such as human computer interaction, animation, etc. Low-level segmentation of motion capture data is of significance to the various applications of 3D motion capture; however, due to the high dimensionality of motion capture data, traditional low-level segmentation methods can hardly work out a suitable segmentation for motion capture data. In order to solve this problem, a low-level temporal segmentation algorithm based on cosine distance is proposed, hierarchical clustering is explored so that similar velocity vectors are clustered together according to the cosine distance in a progressive way, the center of each cluster is updated as the vector derived with linear regression, the segment boundaries are determined as the point when the cosine distance between adjacent velocity vectors is greater than 1 (angle>90 degrees). We have conducted experiments on the motion capture database provided by Carnegie Mellon University (CMU), the experiment results show that the performance of the proposed method is optimistic.

PLI-VIO: Real-time Monocular Visual-inertial Odometry Using Point and Line Interrelated Features

Jiahui Zhang,Qingzhen Shang,Jinfu Yang,Mingai Li 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.6

As a popular technology, visual-inertial odometry (VIO) has been widely applied in many fields such as autonomous robots and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). However, the trade-off between localization accuracy and real-time performance still needs to be optimized. This paper presents a real-time tightly-coupled monocular VIO system using point and line interrelated features (PLI-VIO) under the sliding window optimization framework. In line feature extraction part of PLI-VIO, a line segment extraction and coalescence algorithm based on EDlines is proposed, which extracts line features in real-time without concession on feature quality. At the same time, in order to get efficient and robust line tracking effect, PLI-VIO presents a line-to-point tracking method that fully utilizes the interrelation between point and line. Specifically, line features are divided as a group of points and tracked by pyramidal implementation of Lucas Kanade feature tracker. The proposed line feature tracking method can effectively reduce time consumption on tracking process in a robust way. Extensive evaluations on Euroc and TUM-VI public datasets are performed to demonstrate the preferable performance of our proposed system, and the results show that PLI-VIO obtains better localization accuracy with less computation cost compared against other state-of-the-art VIO algorithms.

Impacts of Close-to-nature Management Technology on the Korean Pine Soil Chemical Properties in Northeast China

Yao Wu,Kailun Qin,Jinfu Zhang,Fengri Li 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2013 Journal of Forest Science Vol.29 No.4

Based on the guiding ideology of “Close-to-nature forestry”, the soil chemical properties of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) plantation forest which was early done by canopy gap control were analyzed of Liangshui nature reserve in northeastern China. The results indicated that the nurture of forestry crevice diaphanous tended to improve the soil nutrient contents and significant differences of soil nutrients existed among different levels of soil for the same forest type of Korean pine. At 0<H≤20 cm layer, the content of available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in artificial pure Korean pine forest are 640.28 mgㆍkg-1, 7.54 mgㆍkg -1, 275.91 mgㆍkg-1, 1.114% and 0.075%, they all higher than the other kinds of forests and for average 1.1 times, 1.4 times, 1.3 times, 1.6 times and 1.2 times. From the layer of 0<H≤20 cm to 20 cm<H≤40 cm, soil nutrient indicators showed various degrees of decreasing in which organic matter had the greatest decline, decreasing by 170.64% while PH had the lowest decline, decreasing by 4.66%.

Impacts of Close-to-nature Management Technology on the Korean Pine Soil Chemical Properties in Northeast China

Wu, Yao,Qin, Kailun,Zhang, Jinfu,Li, Fengri Institute of Forest Science 2013 Journal of Forest Science Vol.29 No.4

Based on the guiding ideology of "Close-to-nature forestry", the soil chemical properties of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) plantation forest which was early done by canopy gap control were analyzed of Liangshui nature reserve in northeastern China. The results indicated that the nurture of forestry crevice diaphanous tended to improve the soil nutrient contents and significant differences of soil nutrients existed among different levels of soil for the same forest type of Korean pine. At 0< $H{\leq}20$ cm layer, the content of available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in artificial pure Korean pine forest are 640.28 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, 7.54 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, 275.91 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, 1.114% and 0.075%, they all higher than the other kinds of forests and for average 1.1 times, 1.4 times, 1.3 times, 1.6 times and 1.2 times. From the layer of $0<H{\leq}20$ cm to 20 cm < $H{\leq}40$ cm, soil nutrient indicators showed various degrees of decreasing in which organic matter had the greatest decline, decreasing by 170.64% while PH had the lowest decline, decreasing by 4.66%.