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김순희,황성주 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 2005 생물공학연구지 Vol.11 No.1
New developed types of emulsion formulations have several advantages of the control release properties and the enhancement of GI absorption as a carrier for drugs, so more and more researches focus on the development and applications of emulsions. This review only covers an update on the types of emulsions and their applications for drug delivery. Some relative new emulsions, including anhydrous emulsions, lipid emulsions, perfluorocarbon emulsions, water-in-CO₂emulsions, the variously multiple types, and many such as SEDDS (self-emulsifying drug delivery system) et al modified formulations are introduced seriatim.
손동수,김진태,이상훈,한세현,김종철,선예경 大韓小兒齒科學會 1993 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.20 No.2
The purpose of this study was to obtain roentgenocephalmetric norms of the Korean mixed dentition children which are used in the occlusal guidance treatment. The 121 subjects(57 males and 64 females) were consisted of mixed dentition children who showed up in Department of Pediatric Dentistry Seoul National University Hospital from June 1990 till February 1993 and contestants of the Heathy Dentition Contest in 1992 and 1993. The subjects had normal profiles and occlusions without severe carious lesions or missing teeth. Following results were obtained from Sassouni, Ricketts and McNamara analysis; 1. Norms and standard deviations of the children were obtained. 2. ANS, upper incisor, pogonion, upper 1st molar and gonion were located posterior to their reference arcs and B was located anterior to its reference arc. 3. Lower anterior facial height was longer than upper anterior facial height and upper posterior facial height was longer than lower posterior facial height. Mandibular corpus length was longer than anterior cranial base length. 4. Anterior cranial length was longer in male(p<0.05) and mandibular corpus length was longer in male than in those of female(p<0.01). Porion was located more posterior in male than in those of female(p<0.05) 5. Effective mandibular length and lower anterior facial height were longer in male than in those of female(p<0.005). Effective midfacial length was longer in male than in those of female(p<0.05).
함구리 황산폐액으로부터 LIX84-Kerosene-Span80-H₂SO₄계 유화형 액막법에 의한 구리의 분리 농축
안종관,안재우,신선명,김동진 대한금속재료학회 2004 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.42 No.4
The separation and extraction of copper from waste water solutions by the liquid surfactant membrane process using LM84 as an extractant and Span 80 as a surfactant were investigated . In extraction, the extraction rate of copper was greatly accelerated by the presence of sodium acetate and with the increase of pH in the aqueous feed solution. The optimum concentrations of LIX84 and Span 80 in the membrane phase were 7-10 vol. % and 2.5-3vol. %, respectively. Experiments also showed that the concentration ratio of copper was greatly enhanced with the decrease of the ratio of V_(e) and V_(w) and with the decreasing of A/O ratio. After the extraction process, the concentration of copper in the raffinate solution reduced to 1-2 ppm, and the concentration of copper in the internal aqueous solution increased to 20 gll. (Received February 11, 2004)
Jin, Shun-Ji,Yoo, Yeon-Hee,Kim, Min-Soo,Kim, Jeong-Soo,Park, Jeong-Sook,Hwang, Sung-Joo 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.3
The aim of the present study was to screen the effects of the formulation variables - $POLYOX^{(R)}$ molecular weight $(X_1)$, the ratio of $POLYOX^{(R)}$/$Avicel^{(R)}$ PH102 $(X_2)$ and the amount of $POLYOX^{\circledR}$ and $Avicel^{\circledR}$ PH102 $(X_3)$, hardness $(X_4)$, HPMCP amount $(X_5)$, $Eudragit^{(R)}$ L100 amount $(X_6)$, and citric acid amount $(X_7)$ - on the paroxetine hydrochloride release from $POLYOX^{(R)}$ matrix tablet using the Plackett-Burman screening design. Paroxetine hydrochloride matrix tablets were prepared according to a 7-factor-12-run statistical model and subjected to a 8-h dissolution study in Tris buffer at pH 7.5. The regression results showed that $POLYOX^{(R)}$ molecular weight $(X_1)$ and $POLYOX^{(R)}$/$Avicel^{(R)}$ PH102 ratio $(X_2)$ had significantly influence on the drug release mechanism and drug release rate as main effects. Hardness $(X_4)$ had an insignificant effect on the drug release mechanism but a significant effect on the drug release rate. On the other hand, HPMCP, $Eudragit^{(R)}$ L100 and citric acid had an insignificant effect on the both responses. The information obtained by screening design study can be expected to be useful for further formulation studies.
Jin, Xuan Shun,Quan, He Xiu,Kim, Sun-Young,Park, Sung-Hun,Kim, Sung-Zoo,Lee, Ho-Sub,Cho, Kyung-Woo The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2007 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.11 No.5
Members of prostaglandin(PG) E-series elicit cellular effects mainly through adenylyl cyclase-cAMP signaling. The role of $PGE_2$-induced increase in cAMP has been shown to be compartmentalized in the cardiac myocytes: $PGE_2$-induced increase of cAMP is not involved in the control of cardiomyocytic contraction. The purpose of the present study was to define the effect of $PGE_1$ on the cGMP levels and the role of $PGE_1$ in the atrial secretory function. Experiments were performed in perfused beating rabbit atria and atrial contractile responses, cGMP and cAMP efflux, and atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP) secretion were measured. $PGE_1$ increased cGMP as well as cAMP efflux concentration in a concentration-dependent manner, however, no significant changes in atrial secretory responses were observed(with $1.0{\mu}M\;PGE_1$; for cGMP, $144.76{\pm}37.5%$, n=11 versus $-16.81{\pm}4.76%$, n=6, control, p<0.01; for cAMP, $187.60{\pm}41.52%$, n=11 versus $7.38{\pm}19.44%$, n=6, control, p<0.01). $PGE_1$ decreased atrial dynamics slightly but transiently, whereas $PGE_2$ showed similar effects but with lower potency. Isoproterenol increased atrial cAMP efflux(with 2.0 nM; $145.71{\pm}41.89$, n=5 versus $7.38{\pm}19.44%$, n=6, control, p<0.05) and mechanical dynamics and decreased ANP secretion. The $PGE_1$-induced increase in cGMP efflux showed a bell-shaped concentration-response curve. $PGE_1$-induced increase of cGMP efflux was not observed in the presence of L-NAME, an inhibitor of nitric oxide(NO) synthase, or ODQ, an inhibitor of NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase. L-NAME and ODQ showed no significant effect on the $PGE_1$-induced transient decrease of atrial dynamics. These data indicate that $PGE_1$ increases cGMP levels via NO-soluble GC signaling in the cardiac atrium and also show that $PGE_1$-induced increases in cGMP and cAMP levels are not involved in the regulation of atrial secretory and contractile functions.
pH-Solubility Determination of Atorvastatin by Improved HPLC Method
Jin, Shun-Ji,Kim, Min-Soo,Kim, Jeong-Soo,Seo, Seok Jun,Lee, Gye-Won,Lee, Sibeum,Hwang, Sung-Joo 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2009 藥學論文集 Vol.24 No.-
An improved high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed to detect atorvastatin. Liquid chromatography was performed on a Waters XTerra™ RP C_(18) (5 ㎛m, 4.6×250 mm) column and mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-acetate buffer (pH 4.0)-methanol 48:42:10 (v/v/v) with the flow rate of 0.9 ml/min. The effluent was monitored by a UV detector at the wavelength of 245nm. The corresponding calibration curve was a good linearity over the range of 0.5∼100.0 ㎍/ml. The limit of detection and the limit of quantitation were 10.0 ng/ml and 29.0 ng/ml, respectively. Under the above conditions, the effects of pH to the solubility of atorvastatin calcium were investigated in the range of 2.0∼7.9 for pH at 30℃. Results showed that pH influenced on the solubility extremely. It was observed that the solubility increased as the pH increased (especially at pH > 4.0). The apparent solubility of atorvastatin calcium increased about 20 times, from 10.95 ㎍/ml (pH 2.0) to 201.49 ㎍/ml (pH 7.9).