피로와 의료이용, 업무상 사고 및 질병결근

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,정진주,이철갑,강명근,현숙정,조정진,차봉석,박종구 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Objectives: This study examined the relationship of fatigue to medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project, 2002~2004). A total of 30,146 employees categorized within the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were recruited. A structured-questionnaire was used to assess the participants' sociodemo-graphics, job-related factors, health-related behaviors, personality trait, self=perceived fatigue (MFS) and the frequency of medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence. Data on medical utilization and occupational accident were confirmed from company health records. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to elucidate the relationship of self-perceived fatigue to medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence. Results: In logistic regression analyses, self-perceived fatigue was associated with medical utilization (outpatient), occupational accident and sickness absence although the strength of the associations was higher in the blue collar workers except for medical utilization. For medical utilization, the white collar worker's adjusted odds ratios of outpatient utilization for workers scoring in the third quartile and the highest quartile, compared to workers scoring in the lowest quartile were 1.50 (95% CI: 1.20-1.87) and 2.16 (95% CI: 1.69-2.75), respectively. The blue collar workers' adjusted odds ratios of outpatient utilization for workers scoring in the second (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.06-1.43), third (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.22-1.66) and highest quartile (OR:1.83, 95% CI: 1.55-2.17), respectively, compared to workers scoring in the lowest quartile were statistically significant. However, no associations were found between fatigue and inpatient utilization for either the white or blue collar workers. The blue collar workers' adjusted odds ratios of being injured for workers scoring in the second, third and highest quartile were 1.41 (95% CI: 1.00-2.00), 1.57 (95% CI: 1.10-2.22) and 2.41 (95% CI: 1.69-3.44), respectively, compared to those scoring in the lowest quartile, but, those of the white collar workers were not significant. There was more likely to an increased risk of sickness absence in workers scoring in the second, third and highest quartile compared to those scoring in the lowest quartile in both white and blue collar workers, but the magnitudes of risk were higher in the blue collar workers than the white collars workers. Conclusion: This result suggests that fatigue is a determinant predictor of medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence, and that the pattern of risks for the three outcomes differs according to the occupational type. Some limitations of this study and considerations for future study were also discussed.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Effective Combination of Agrobacterium tumefaciens Strains and Ti Plasmids for the Construction of Plant Vector System

Kim, Mi Suk,Park, Jeong Ku,Eum, Jin Seong,Sim, Woong Seop 한국식물학회 1996 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.39 No.3

The purpose of this study is to obtain the most efficient combination of Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains and Ti plasmids for the construction of dicotyledonous plant vector system. Ti plasmid-curing A. tumefaciens A136 and KU12C3 were transformed with four kinds of Ti plasmids, pTiBo542, pTiA6, pTiKU12 and pTiAch5, respectively. The stems of 28 species of dicotyledonous plants were then inoculated with these transformants and examined for crown gall formation. The different combination of A. tumefaciens strains and Ti plasmids showed quite a difference in terms of the crown gall formation. Agrobacterium strains A136 and KU12C3 have a same plant host range in case that both strains barbour the same kind of Ti plasmid, pTiBo542 or pTiAch5. However, the above-mentioned both strains have quite different host range in the event of containing the same Ti plasmid, pTiKU12 or pTiA6. In case that KU12C3 contains pTiA6 or pTiKU12, this strain has a wider plant host range than A136. The plant host range of pTiBo542 is the widest, followed by pTiA6, pTiKU12 and pTiAch5. Twelve plants among 28 tested plants are not transformed by any virulent Agrobacterium strains used in this study. In conclusion, A. tumefaciens KU12C3 and A136 harboring pTiBo542 showed the widest host range for transforming dicotyledonous plants. Also, it was acertained that the host range of Ti plasmids is affected by chromosomal level.

TFM 방식을 이용한 건물의 동적 열성능해석 기법 연구(Ⅰ)

구현덕,이순화,이진숙,송인춘 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1993 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.8 No.1

This study presents the methodology application of hour-by-hour computation for an extensive analysis in building. The approach to equipment selection based on air-conditioning equipment and air distribution systems with sufficient capacity to cope with maximum design load evolved when all design calculations were performed manually. At that time, extensive design analysis was impractical: now, computers, used frequently for rountine design calculations, make anaysis practical. Consequently, this study describes the fundamental methodology used in calculating a space load and gives basic equations for determining hour-by-hour load factors given in tabular forms in the ASHRAE FUNDAMENTALS, 1985 and 1989. It is possible to construct computerized routines to duplicate results obtained with the tabular data, and to examine the effect of various systems and operating schedules on the space energy analysis. This study deals with fundamental calculation procedures for 1. Heat gain through exterior walls and roofs using transfer function coefficients. 2. Hrat gain through interior patitions, ceilings and floors using transfer function coefficients. 3. Conversion of all heat gain components into appropriate room/space loads. 4. Extention of the procedures to calculate the space air temperature and heat extraction rate obtained with a particular type and size of terminal unit. By applicating this procedures to computerization, three basical calcualtion routines are made and verified as the proper simulation methodology. As results. 1. Houry conduction rate has only 0.48% err in average. 2. Houry radiation rate has only 0.041% err in average. 3. Houry temperature variation has only 0.001% err in average. 4. Houry predicted heat extration rate has only 0.005% err in average. From the above results, it is possible to use TFM computerization methodology for energy analysis in building. By applicating three basical comuper calculations, more complicate computer simulation can be interpreted to be needed for annual energy analysis.

중성자 방사화 분석법을 이용한 대전공단지역의 미량금속의 특성

구부미,임종명,이진홍 忠南大學校 環境問題硏究所 2001 環境硏究 Vol.19 No.-

This study focused on the quantitative analysis of about 30 trce metals including toxic ones for Daejeon industrial complex area. Sampling period was about 10 months, and PM 10 was collected on Whatman 41 cellulose filter by a high-volume air sampler. Then, PM 10 samples were analyzed by NAA. The following results were summarized from this study: (1) the mean concentration of PM 10 was 86.3㎍/㎥, and the seasonal concentrations of PM 10 and metals were minimum in summer; (2) the concentrations of soul related and sea salt metals, that is, Cl, ,Fe, Al, K, Ca, and Mg were to be much higher; (3) the results of enrichment factor analysis indicated As, Br, I, Cl, Se and Sb to be enriched in PM 10 Samples of our study site; (4) the result of factor analysis by SPSS showed that 84% of total variance was well explained, and communality of almost every metal was greater than about 0.8.

만곡된 상악중절치의 치료증례

구영미,김진태 大韓小兒齒科學會 1990 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

In management of unerupted dilacerated tooth, the surgical removal has been indicated. In some cases however, the tooth can be preserved by means of forced eruption. We treated 9 year 3 month old girl with upper left central incisor unerupted and dilacerated. After the mucoperiosteal flap was reflected, lingual button was bonded on the lingual surface of the crown and ligature wire was tied and twisted through the flap into the oral cavity. The tooth was tractioned for 11 weeks by removable orthodontic appliance and retained for 2 months. At this stage, endodontic treatment was done for post and core was built of screw pin and resin core material. Then composite resin temporary crown was cemented on the tooth.

백화점 화재 발생의 확률적 접근에 의한 심각성의 정량적 예측

구진영,김광일 社團法人 韓國火災 ·消防學會 1998 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.12 No.1

社會 體育의 原理와 構成

吳鎭求 全北大學校 1962 論文集 Vol.4 No.-

It is certain that the healthy growth of a people is a tremendous power that makes a great progress of a nation. So the physical education must be given not only at schools but also in every kind of society. Of course the movement for the school physical education is comparatively weak especially in such a country as Korea, where the teachers have found a lot of difficulties and troubles in both studying and teaching it at schools. And I hope that the citizens will know and acknowledge the importance of the physical education and the government also will find a plan for the development and adoption of the social physical education as a national movement. (1) The social physical education may be here defined as "the systematic education giving joy and healthy condition to the citizens and increasing their social abilities in social life by the physical training and enjoying sports. etc." Consequently the chief aim of the social physical education should be to shape a man who can be helpful and useful to the social welfare and prosperity. (2) And here in my note, the physical education at schools, at kindergardens, in the army or in the police is not treated because they have their own purposes in their special cases, while only the general physical education, which is useful and practical in our social life, is contained and explained; I have divided the method to practise the social Physical education into two systems in the present situation of Korea; the one is what may be called 'municipal physical education', and the other 'office physical education', which I think the best way to apply the physical theory to every day life because they are organized under the similar circumstances and systematically under the guidance of government. (3) The social physical education contains all the sports played in Korea no-wadays, free exercises, folkdance, festal recreation, swimming, boating, climbing mountain and being sunburnt ─etc, which are related with the custom and nature, so that they must be chosen according to the occasion and circumstances. (4) The social physical education has such a relation with hygine that the latter must be considered as equal to the former, and the neessary things, attitude, knowledge. Application about hygine should be also given to the citizens whenever they take the social physical education. (5) When we make a plan and practise it, it will be the most convenient to divide the citizens into three groups; the municipal group, office group and amateur group that is fond of the same sport, and also the guiding, supervising, equipment with sport things should be carefully ready in order to be succesful of it. Though we have a good plan and brilliant futual ideal for social physical education to realize, it is impossible to fulfil it without any satisfactory facilities for it. It could be possible at schools, where though the equipment is poor we have at least teachers, playground and some other simple facilities. However, in the social physical education the educational institutions should be prepared for the accompaniment of our citizen's healthy life. The citizens, generaly workers in a sense, work nearly all day long at their offices and factories, only to find a few hours to spare: if there is no institution for their physical growth unfortunately, they can never enjoy their precious time doing their favorable sports. because of that, every sort of physical institution should wait for the citizens at any time, everywhere. Of course the free exercises and promenade do not need the physical facilities, but the circumstances in which they find themselves are one of the great surroundings, so that the circumstance itself must be cleanly beantiful and inviting to the citizens. Therefore the physical facilities are the primary conditions to realize the ideal, and the following equipments shoud come into being in order to get a good result from our plan. (1) The play ground and its dependent facilities. (2) The pleasure-ground for children and its facilities. (3) Park and its facilities. (4) Gymnasium, pool, hiking-course and skating rink. The most important and urgent of the above facilities are playground and pleasure ground. Together with the above facilities we should have good leaders, who are so few in Korea that we must train them enough to attain our purpose. Temporarily the physical teachers of the existing schools should be hired and be charge of this great responsibility and then 'A national physical education society' schould be established, while the branch society in each province studies the problems about social physical education scientifically according to the system of municipality and governmental offices. The conditions(gualities) the leaders should be equipped with acknowledge culture, character, passion and love so that they may understand the citizens fully and may co-operate with one another and the some purpose. When this composition and management of the social physical education are well working everywhere in Korea, and all the citizens participate in the national physical movement, a wonderful result will come out before us unexpectedly, of which I am sure. The principle and organization of the social physical education.

중국 하이얼의 성장사례

정구현,김창도 연세대학교 경영연구소 2002 연세경영연구 Vol.39 No.2

중국의 대표적인 가전제품 기업인 하이얼은 매달 평균 2만 명의 국내외 기업방문객을 맞이하고 있다. 방문객 모두가 하이얼의 성장에 관심을 가지는 사람들이다. 1984년부터 16년간 매출액이 매년 80% 이상씩 증가하여 2000년에는 매출액이 406억 위안(약 47억 미달러)에 달하였고, 유럽, 미주, 중동, 동남아 등 지역의 90개 국가에 제품을 수출하고 있다. 집체기업인 하이얼은 불명확한 소유구조를 가지고 있음에도 불구하고 뛰어난 경영자를 만나 그 동안 꾸준한 성장을 하였다. 하이얼 CEO 장루이민(張瑞敏)은 중국에서 가장 존경받는 경영자로 알려지고 있다. 그러나 이러한 성공에도 불구하고 장루이민이 해결해야 할 과제는 아직도 많이 남아 있다. 언제까지 하이얼의 소유권 문제를 그대로 두어야 하는가? 다국적기업과의 경쟁에서 살아남을 핵심기술력을 가지고 있는가? 다각화로 인한 문제점은 무엇인가? 글로벌 500대 기업의 진입목표는 과연 실현할 수 있을까? 등이다. 본 사례는 하이얼 성장과정에서의 전략, 핵심역량, 소유와 지배구조 등에 대한 구제적인 내용을 살펴보면서 위에서 제기된 문제들을 검토하고 그 의의와 시사점을 분석해 보는데 목적을 두고 있다.

관상동맥질환 환자에서 스텐트 시술 후 재협착에 관한 연구

강진환,권영주,박상호,한대희,이상철,김명구,변정득,최병조,심규혁,온영근,현민수,김성구 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2

Background and aims : In the coronary artery disease, a rate of restenosis was much decreased by placement of coronary stent than when percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty has been applied, but there are still important clinical problems of restenosis. There has been many progressive studies about various factors contributed to this restenosis. So, we studied a relation between restenosis after placement of coronary stent in the coronary artery disease and many clinical factors, characteristics of stenotic lesion and procedural factors, and also assessed the restenosis rate of various coronary stents. Methods : Total 58 lesions(46 cases of patients ; man 30, woman 16) were evaluated, which has been performed a follow-up coronary angiography after 6 months (mean 188 days) since coronary stent had been placed. Various stents were implanted and assessed a relation between restenosis and many factors. Results : Of 58 lesions were target stenotic studies, there were 22 of restenotic lesions(37.9%), and the restenosis rate wes statistically significant difference in the relation with diabetes mellitus(p<0.05), group of acute myocardial infarction(p<0.05) among clinical diagnosis of ischemic heart disease(stable angina, unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction) in clinical factors and with high dilation pressure of stent(p<0.05) in procedural factors. When the rate of restenosis was evaluated among implanted stents, it was lowest in the Multilink^(®) stent and highest in the Nir Royal^(®) stent(60%). Conclusion : In this study of restenosis and various factors after placement of stents in the coronary artety disease, factors such as diabetes mellitus, group of acute myocardial infarction and a dilation pressure of stent were significant related with restenosis and the restenosis rate of Multilink^(®) stent was lowest and the highest restenosis rate was of Nir Royal^(®) stent.