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강춘화 덕성여자대학교 고등교육연구소 1999 敎育硏究 Vol.7 No.-
In this study, I have attempted to present the teaching method of Chinese Language in the everyday environment, that would enable Korean university students to loam Chinese in a simple, direct, and accurate manner within the shortest possible time. The Korean people live in a culture greatly influenced by Chinese culture and Chinese language throughout its history and accordingly, they can team Chinese language much easier than those living in other parts of the world. Particularly, their ability to read Chinese is exceptionally good. Despite the fact that most Chinese words used in two countries are the same, some words are used differently creating confusion between the two. Accordingly, for the best results, the Chinese Language should be taught with the following points in mind. First, special emphasis should be given to Chinese characters that are used differently in each country even though they are written the same way. Therefore, comparative teaching is recommended Secondly, Chinese characters that have the same meanings but pronounced differently between the two should be taught in a comparative manner as well. Thirdly, those learning Chinese language should also team about Chinese culture for a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding. Lastly, many new words created everyday as China goes through a drastic social change after the opening of the country must be taught in the actually applied situations so that the students loaming these words can understand the changing Chinese society better. The teachers of Chinese Language should consider the above points or more effective teaching. It will also give students a better understanding of Chinese society and culture.
Astragalus polysaccharide: a review of its immunomodulatory effect
Chun-xiao Li,Ying Liu,Yu-zhen Zhang,Jing-chun Li,Jiang Lai 대한약학회 2022 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.45 No.6
The Astragalus polysaccharide is an importantbioactive component derived from the dry root of Astragalusmembranaceus . This review aims to provide a comprehensiveoverview of the research progress on the immunomodulatoryeff ect of Astragalus polysaccharide and providevaluable reference information. We review the immunomodulatoryeff ect of Astragalus polysaccharide on central andperipheral immune organs, including bone marrow, thymus,lymph nodes, spleen, and mucosal tissues. Furthermore, theimmunomodulatory eff ect of Astragalus polysaccharide on avariety of immune cells is summarized. Studies have shownthat Astragalus polysaccharide can promote the activities ofmacrophages, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes,B lymphocytes and microglia and induce the expressionof a variety of cytokines and chemokines. The immunomodulatoryeff ect of Astragalus polysaccharide makesit promising for the treatment of many diseases, includingcancer, infection, type 1 diabetes, asthma, and autoimmunedisease. Among them, the anticancer effect is the mostprominent. In short, Astragalus polysaccharide is a valuableimmunomodulatory medicine, but further high-qualitystudies are warranted to corroborate its clinical effi cacy.
Process Improvements for Low-Defect CMOS Gate Oxide
Jiang, Chun,Mitchell, Todd,Kroonblawd, Loren,Nguyen, Duc,Lew, Eugene,Hu, Chenming, 대한전자공학회 1993 ICVC : International Conference on VLSI and CAD Vol.3 No.1
N^- well drive-in in oxygen ambient is found to induce stacking faults, which have a deleterious effect on the N^- well MOS gate oxide breakdown characteristics. This effect can be eliminated by using N^- well drive-in with nitrogen anneal. A wet gate oxide process is fund to give better gate oxide integrity than dry gate oxide and a comparable hot carrier robustness. The us of N^- well drive-in with nitrogen anneal and wet oxide processes, has drastically reduced oxide defect densities in both P^- substrate and N^- well MOS devices.
Review of the Research on the Optimization of the Energy Consumption of the Cloud Platform
Chun-mao Jiang,Yi-bing Li,Li Zhi-cong 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.10 No.8
Cloud platform is a basic platform to support large data, large-scale and high-frequency access computing. The high-energy consumption of the cloud platform and the schedule of multi-constrained combination in cloud applications is challenging issues faced by the cloud computing. We conducted a systematic review in this paper for the energy consumption of a cloud platform, and pointed out the existing problems, and put forward ideas to solve the above problems by constructing the four-level system. Firstly, by conducting virtualization management to the physical resources in the cloud to form the layer of virtual resource. Then, named as presentation layer, to build a formal model of cloud application multi_attribute with effective description, measurement, calculation. Based on this proposed scheduling application layer enables cloud applications to meet the multiple objectives with multi-attribute, heuristic, feedback, iterative scheduling and cloud resources, energy optimization. It laid the foundation for the formation of cloud platform architecture, key technologies and algorithms, which satisfy the multiple objectives: the maximum possible scheduling of the multi-attribute combination constraint application, the optimization for energy consumption and resources in cloud computing.
DEA-Malmquist 모델을 활용한 중국 상장 관광기업 운영효율 측정 및 평가에 관한 연구
강춘홍(Chun-hong Jiang),김형호(Hyung-Ho Kim) 한국국제상학회 2020 國際商學 Vol.35 No.2
본 논문은 중국 내 상장 관광기업의 운영 효율성을 분석하고, 비효율적으로 평가된 기업의 효율성 향상 전략을 제안하는 것을 목적으로 한다. ‘총자산’, ‘총운영비’ 및 ‘직원 수’를 투입변수로 하고, ‘회사순이익’과 ‘주영업이익’을 산출변수로 사용하였으며, 2016년부터 2018년까지의 3개년 데이터를 DEA 분석을 통해 중국의 21개 상장 관광기업의 운영효율성을 평가하였다. 분석결과, DEA의 CCR 및 BCC분석에서 모두 효율성이 1인 기업은 3개 였으며, TFPI, TECI 및 TCI 값이 1보다 커서 지속적인 성장세를 보인 기업은 2개로 나타났다. 중국의 상장 관광기업의 순수 기술효율성은 표본 기간 동안 꾸준히 발전하고 있고, 종합 기술효율성은 규모효율성에 의해 크게 영향을 받으며, 총 요소생산성은 주로 기술효율성의 향상에 영향을 받는 것을 알 수 있었다. Purpose : The purpose of this paper is to analyze the operational efficiency of listed tourism companies in China and to propose strategies for improving efficiency of companies that have been assessed inefficiently. Research design, data, methodology : This paper used Total Assets , Total Operating Costs and Number of Employees were used as input variables, Company Net Profits and Main Business Income as output variables, and the 3 year data from 2016 to 2018 were evaluated for the operational efficiency of 21 listed tourism companies in China through DEA-Malmquist analysis. Results : According to the analysis, three companies had 1 efficiency in both the CCR and BCC analysis by DEA, and two companies showed sustained growth as TFPI, TECI and TCI values were greater than 1. Conclusions : This paper has been shown that the net technological efficiency of listed tourism enterprises in China is steadily developing during the sample period, the comprehensive technology efficiency is greatly influenced by scale efficiency, and the total component productivity is mainly affected by the improvement of technology efficiency.