Distribution of Bi–MnS Inclusions Existing in 1215MS Steels: Correlation with Thermal Physical Coefficient

Jian‑bo Xie,Bei‑bei Liu,Xiang‑yu Wu,Jian‑xun Fu 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.5

This work aims to comprehensively summarize the types and distribution of the isolated Bi particles and MnS inclusions inthe Bi-bearing steels, to study the precipitated behavior of sulfide, and to study the effect of Bi particles on grain sizes andthe volume thermal expansion coefficients of the steels. Results show that the average percentage of the isolated Bi particles,semi-encapsulation, complete encapsulation, back-bridge, tiny encapsulation, cavity bridge Bi–MnS inclusions in the Bibearingsteels was 16.89%, 20.49%, 3.44%, 16.89%, 31.63%, 10.66%, respectively. The average equivalent diameters of thegrains in the 0 ppm, 130 ppm, 240 ppm, 760 ppm, 1200 ppm and 2300 ppm Bi content steels were 20.88, 20.17, 19.54, 18.13,13.98 and 13.25 μm, respectively. The precipitated equilibrium mass concentration product of the MnS (w[Mn]·w[S]) wascalculated to be 1.07, and the solid fraction fS value was 0.61. At 950 °C, the volume thermal expansion coefficient change(ΔVE) in 760 ppm Bi content steel was minimum 4 × 10–10%, while at 461.6 °C the ΔVE was maximum, 0.09%, which meansthat Bi affected the volume thermal expansion of the steel strongest in this temperature range.

Enhancement of Impurity, Machinability and Mechanical Properties in Te-Treated 0Cr18Ni9 Steel

Jian‑bo Xie,Tian Fan,Han Sun,Zhi‑qi Zeng,Jian‑xun Fu 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.6

To enhance the machinability and mechanical properties of 0Cr18Ni9 steel, free-machining element Te was introduced inthis work. By adding various quantities of Te to steel, several machining and tensile tests were carried out. Results show thatwith Te addition of 530 ppm, the number of inclusion sizes below 1 μm disappeared. With raising Te from 360 to 530 ppm,more MnTe–MnS inclusions of 10–40 μm were in spherical shape; above 50 μm2, the ratio of inclusion area at 530 ppmwas greatest among all, and the large-sized inclusions occupied a larger share. Te addition contributed to the surfaces ofmachining steels more smooth. The ultimate tensile strength of steel increased from 399 to 435 MPa. Te resulted in growthof sulfides and improved the machinability of steel.

Environmental innovation and its impact on economic and environmental performance: Evidence from Korean-owned firms in China

Long, Xingle,Chen, Yaqiong,Du, Jianguo,Oh, Keunyeob,Han, Insoo Elsevier 2017 Energy Policy Vol.107 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This paper analyses the impact of environmental innovation on the economic and environmental performance of Korean-owned firms in China. We establish a theoretical model and propose eight hypotheses, which combine TPB (Theory of Planned Behavior) with theories of global environmental management and environmental innovation. We analyse the determinants of environmental innovation intention. We also analyse the effects of environmental innovation behavior on economic performance and environmental performance in different provinces and of different corporate ownership. We find that environmental innovation behavior has a greater effect on environmental performance than economic performance. Innovation in production processes, in particular, positively affects environmental performance for Korean-owned firms in Jiangsu. We also find that wholly Korean-owned firms (WKOEs) are more receptive to environmental innovation than Sino-Korean joint ventures. It is important to enhance environmental innovation within Korean-owned firms in China. Environmental innovation should concentrate on improving production processes in Jiangsu.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Environmental innovation behavior has a greater effect on environmental performance than economic performance. </LI> <LI> Innovation in production processes positively affects environmental performance for Korean-owned firms in Jiangsu. </LI> <LI> Environmental innovation should concentrate on improving production processes in Jiangsu. </LI> </UL> </P>

유가의 이념적 즐거움 연구 ― 안회의 즐거움을 중심으로 ―

JIANGYINGSHUN 한국미학회 2014 美學 Vol.78 No.-

이 글은 유학자들이 추구한 ‘안회의 즐거움[顔子不改其樂]’ 즉, ‘안빈낙도(安貧樂道)’에 주목하였다. 공자는 가난한 환경에서도 즐거운 마음을 유지할 수 있는지의 여부에 따라 사람의 인격이 인(仁)한지를 판단하였으며 그 사례로 제자인 ‘안회의 즐거움’을 지목하였다. 본 논문은 ‘안회의 즐거움’에 대한 유학자들의 해석을 분석한 결과, 맹자는 안회의 즐거움을 더불어 즐기는 여민동락(與民同樂)으로 재해석하였다. 또 송대 주돈이·주희 등 주석가들에게 있어서 ‘안회의 즐거움’은 도덕적 인격의 완성을 의미하였으며, 예(禮)를 중심으로 박문약례(博文約禮)·극기복례(克己復禮)의 노력을 거쳐 실현된 인(仁)한 인격자를 나타냈다. 인을 실현한 인격자는 사회체제 속에서 예의규범을 어기지 않으면서도 심적 즐거움을 향유할 수 있는 이상적인 인격자였다.

헤어미용 전공 학생들의 직업 존중감이 진로 결정수준과 전공만족에 미치는 영향

JIANGJINYI,박은준 한국미용학회 2022 한국미용학회지 Vol.28 No.4

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between career decision level and major satisfaction among hair and beauty major students, and to present basic data and implications for hair and beauty majors' educational direction and career path. The job esteem of hair and beauty major students was found to be four sub-factors, career decision level was two factors, and satisfaction with major was three factors. Positive value, social benefit, and relative benefit of job esteem showed statistically significant results for major suitability, and social benefit, negative treatment, and relative benefit showed statistically significant results for subject satisfaction. The job esteem of hair and beauty major students is an important variable in career decision level and major satisfaction. Therefore, if students majoring in hair and beauty are satisfied with their majors and if student competency is strengthened, excellent human resources to lead the hair and beauty industry can be nurtured. Although this study was conducted with limited research subjects and variables, it is hoped that a comprehensive and practical study that considers various variables will continue in follow-up studies.

『논어』의 ‘학(學)’ 개념 연구와 교육적 시사점 고찰- 2000년 이후 중국학계의 연구 성과를 중심으로 -

JIANGYINGSHUN,권선향,최진,신창호 한국유교학회 2020 유교사상문화연구 Vol.0 No.79

This study focuses on the meaning of ‘learning(學)’ developed by Confucius. It also investigates the view of modern Chinese scholars on the Confucius's ‘learning’ based on the results of a study on the concept of ‘learning’ of Analects published in the ‘China Academic Journals Full-text Database(中國知网)’ from 2000 to 2019. The ‘learning’ shown in the Analects is not limited to the ‘to learn’ of the verb meaning itself, but can be expanded in various aspects. The ‘learning’ in the ancient ‘Oracle bone script(甲骨文)’ is synonymous with the word ‘modeling(爻)’ and means ‘looking after’. The letter in shuo wen jie zi(說文解字) and bai hu tong(白虎通) is interpreted as meaning ‘wake-up’, which also means intuition. This term in Shu jing(書經) and Li ji(禮記) is explained ‘Instruction and learning(斅學半)’, which means the term highlighting ‘correlation and cooperation between teaching and learning(敎學相長)’ having similar meaning with ‘cui zhuo tong shi(啐啄同時)’ in Buddhism. This is closely related with the hieroglyphic feature of ‘learning’. Drawing upon these argument, the educational meaning of ‘learning’ of the Analects was examined and various modern implications were presented. This study also provides modern educational implications of ‘learning’ by adopting a wide range of ancient perspectives on ‘learning’ from Analect. 중국 유가(儒家)를 대표하는 공자는 그의 핵심 사상인 ‘학(學)’을 어떻게 인식했을까? 이후 중국의 학자들은 공자의 ‘학’을 어떤 시각에서 고찰하였는가? 본고는 2000년부터 2019년까지 중국 학술정보원[中國知网]에 실린 『논어』의 ‘학(學)’ 개념에 관한 연구 성과를 기반으로 그 교육적 시사점을 살펴본 것이다. 『논어』에 드러난 ‘학’은 동사적 의미의 ‘배움(learning)’에 한정되지 않고 다양한 측면의 개념 확장이 가능하다. 갑골문(甲骨文)에서 ‘학’자는 ‘효(爻)’자와 통용되었는데 ‘본받음[效]’을 뜻하는 용어이다. 『설문해자(說文解字)』와 『백호통(白虎通)』에서는 ‘깨달음[覺]’의 의미로 해석되며, 이는 직관(直觀)을 뜻하기도 한다. 『서경(書經)』이나 『예기(禮記)』「학기(學記)」에는 ‘효학반(斅學半)’으로 설명되는데, 다름 아닌 ‘교학상장(敎學相長)’을 강조하는 언표이다. 사상적 의미는 다를지라도 논리적으로 불교의 ‘줄탁동시(啐啄同時)’와 상통한다. 이런 사유는 ‘학’자의 상형(象形)적 특징과도 밀접하게 관계된다. 요컨대, 『논어』에서 ‘학’의 개념을 다양한 시각으로 살펴봄으로써, ‘학’이 담보하는 교육적 의미를 심도 있게 성찰하였다.

장류와 고나트륨 한식 대표 음식의 나트륨 함량 및 염도 저감화 기준치 개발

JIANGLIN,신은경,서정숙,이연경 한국영양학회 2019 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.52 No.2

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop standards for the salinity and sodium content in representative Korean foods high in sodium. Methods: A total of 600 foods from four seasonings (soy sauce, soybean paste, red pepper paste, and ssamjang) and 16 representative Korean foods high in sodium were collected from 10 households, 10 industry foodservice establishments, and 10 Korean restaurants in 10 cities nationwide and analyzed for their salinity and sodium content. Based on the findings, the standards with a 20% ~ 30% reduced sodium content and salinity from the current level were presented. Results: The suggested standards of salinity (and sodium content per 100 g) were less than 12% (4,500 mg) for soy sauce, 9% (3,500 mg) for soybean paste, 5% (2,000 mg) for red pepper paste, and 6% (2,500 mg) for ssamjang. The reduced standards of salinity for soups were suggested to less than 0.5% for clear soup and 0.7% for soybean paste soup, while for broths, it was 0.6% for clear broth and 0.7% for other broths. The standards of salinity for stews were suggested to less than 0.8% for soybean paste stew, 0.6% for other stews, 0.9% for steamed and stir-fried fish dishes, 1.0% for braised dishes, 4.0% for stir-fried dried fishes, 1.3% for other braised dishes including vegetables, and 1.5% for pickled vegetables and kimchi. Conclusion: Standards for the sodium content and salinity were suggested to reduce the sodium level in fermented soybean sauces and representative Korean high sodium dishes by 20% from the current levels. Nevertheless, it will be necessary to adjust the standards properly to reduce the sodium content and salinity further by considering the future status of sodium intake.

미용학과 유학생의 여가활동과 대학몰입의 관계에서 자아존중감의 매개효과

JIANGJINYI,박은준 한국미용학회 2020 한국미용학회지 Vol.26 No.2

It studied mediated effect of self-esteem in the relation between leisure activity and college immersion of foreign students of beauty department so that they adapt to school life while the number of foreign students has increased in beauty major. It surveyed 315 foreign students who study at the department of beauty to understand their general characteristics, leisure activity, self-esteem and college immersion with questionnaires. It used SPSS 22.0 for frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliance analysis, multiple regression analysis and hierarchical analysis. Leisure activity includes three factors such as self development, personal relation and emotional stability. There is one factor in self esteem. College immersion includes two factors such as academic immersion and relation immersion. It tries to provide practical data that are necessary for efficient management and stable college life of foreign students through the effect of leisure activity on self esteem, the effect of self esteem on college immersion, the effect of leisure activity on college immersion and the result of mediated effect of self esteem in the relation between leisure activity and college immersion.

Interleaved Coding for Hybrid DS/SFH-SSMA over Indoor Radio Channels

JiangzhouWang 에스케이텔레콤 (주) 1995 Telecommunications Review Vol.5 No.6

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World Socialism of the Twenty-first Century : socialism mode is being innovated and various modes of socialism are appearing

Jianhua Lin 청주대학교 국제협력연구원 2005 國際文化硏究 Vol.23 No.-