Humic acid가 카드뮴 어독성에 미치는 영향

류지성,정규혁,최필선,이길철,최덕일,최성수,류홍일,박광식 한국환경독성학회 1998 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Cadmium, a major aquatic pollutant in many parts of the world, is toxic and readily accumulated in aquatic organisms. It mainly exists in water as complexes with organic ligands such as dissolved organic carbon and this complexation is known to have effects on the aquatic toxicities. In this study, acute toxicity, histology, and bioaccumulation were studied to evaluate effects of humic acid on cadmium toxicity and bioavailability to fish using Oryzias latipcs and Cypriruts carpio. 96h~LC50 of cadmium was 6.38 mg/L using Oryzias latipes. However, the mortality showed the dose-dependent decrease when humic acid was added to the test solution. When fish were exposed to 5 mg/L of cadmium, histological changes in the exposed organs (caudal fins, gills, kidney, liver, and gut) of Cyprinifs carpio were decreased by humic acid, especially in kidney and liver. Bioaccumulation of cadmium also decreased by treatment of humic acid. It seems that the formation of complexes between cadmium and humic acid may decrease bioavailability of cadmium to fish, and thus reduce the toxic effects of cadmium.

BSC를 활용한 e-Business 성과 측정에 관한 연구

卞智錫,權赫泰 홍익대학교 경영연구소 2006 경영연구 Vol.31 No.-

"측정할 수 없는 것은 관리할 수 없다."라는 표현처럼 기업 경영에 있어서 성과측정시스템은 매우 중요한 요소이다. 인터넷 기반의 e-Business 등장으로 기업은 고객, 공급자, 제휴 파트너 등과의 관계를 재정의 함은 물론이고, 기업 내부의 작업방식, 부서간의 장벽을 없애고 그 기능을 재정의 하기에 이르렀다. 이러한 e-Business를 수행하는 기업의 성과측정에 대한 문헌들은 아직 개념적인 틀을 갖추지 못하였다. 이에 본 논문은 재무적인 관점과 비재무적인 관점(고객, 내부프로세스, 학습과 성장)을 결합한 BSC를 활용하여 e-Business 기업의 성과를 측정할 수 있는 구체적인 지표를 제시하고자 한다.

白鼠胎仔 골격발생과정에 미치는 Chlorambucil과 Tocopherol의 相互作用에 關한 實驗的 硏究

宋志南,全容赫 고려대학교 의과대학 1982 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.19 No.3

The effect of tocopherol to the teratogenecity due to chlorambucil have been studied on the developing skeleton in prenatal offsprings from 27 mothers of albino rat through macroscopic and microscopic observations. 1. None of the significant abnormality has been observed on either macroscopic or microscopic features in the fetal group treated with single dose of tocopherol administration the mother, except, the group treated with continuous 3 doses of it to the mother, of which the measures of the weight and stature of them are generally decreased than those of the normal contrast. 2. Though the degree of teratogenecity on the developing fetal skeletal frame due to the chlorambucil is mainly depend upon the amount of the drug and the time of administration during pregnancy of mother, the highest to teratogenetic effect could be elicitable on the fetuses at the day 12th, while, none of significant effect could be detectable in the fetuses after the time of day 14th of pregnancy on the administration of the chlorambucil. 3. The protective effectiveness of the tocopherol from the teratogenecity on the fetal skeletogenesis due to the chlorambucil appears not to be efficient. On the contrary, the concomitant use of tocopheral with chlorarmbucil tends to be facilitate the teratogenetic effect of the chlorambucil, furthermore, the rate is higher against with increase of the date of pregnancy.

컴퓨터 프로그램을 이용한 악교정수술계획시 술전 예상의 정확도 평가에 관한 임상적 연구

김지혁,박영욱 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2003 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.25 No.1

Since the precise preoperative evaluations and plans for the orthognathic surgery are essential to maximize the patient's satisfaction, it is absolutely necessary to have preoperative predictions for postoperative results through adequate preoperative evaluation and diagnosis. Many methods have been tried to have the 'predictions', and one of them is cephalometric tracing & visual surgery with the use of computer program. That kind of method has been recently more and more popularized and frequently applied in the orthognathic surgery and craniofacial surgery, and also a lot of studies for the reliability of the prediction of the computerized method have been performed. But the results of the studies for the reliability are variable. Therefore, in our study, we try to evaluate the reliability of the preoperative prediction in orthognathic surgery with the use of computerized cephalometric program(Quick Ceph®). We evaluated the 18 patients who took BSSRO alone or combined with Le Fort I osteotomy, maxillary anterior segmental osteotomy, or genioplasty. First, for all of the patients, preoperative cephalometric lateral views were taken and analyzed by Quick Caph program, and then treatment plans were decided. Visual surgery was performed as the programed plan, so the preoperative prediction was obtained through the results of the visual surgery. Second, postoperative cephalometric lateral views were taken for each of the patients to obtain the postoperative actual changes(4 months - 16 months after operation ; mean 7 months), and those were analysed by the computer program. Finally, both of the measurements were compared each other and analysed statistically. Conclusively, significant differences were found in lower lip position and pogonion(Pog) landmark. While the differences between vertical positional changes were statistically significnat, the differences between horizontal positional changes were not statistically significant.

악안면성형수술을 받은 환자에 있어서 수술 결과를 증진시킬 수 있는 화장법

김지혁,김성민,박영욱 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2001 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.23 No.6

The importance of desire that human want to beautify their face and body has been increased as the cultural and social economy has been developing. Human being has made every efforts to satisfy this desire, currently plastic surgery by which one could highlight one's characteristics or hide one's weak points has been generalized, also the surgical technique has been developed steadily to keep trace with the social demand. But those kinds of surgery have a few problems yet; one is that we cannot predict the postoperative appearances exactly, the other, unavoidable facial scars might be produced. Since make-up technique and cosmetics have also been developed with social development, make-up art that could create one's own charming points and lessen one's weak points to some degree is developed and also modified to lead to create 'corrective make-up' for facial contour, which becomes currently popularized. Conclusively, we try to consider a specialized make-up technique for the patients taken maxillofacial plastic surgery to improve the postoperative results with literature review.

자동영상추적장치를 이용한 카드뮴 처리 Oryzias latipes의 행위독성연구

류지성,이철우,최필선,최성수,류홍일,이길철,정규혁,박광식 한국환경독성학회 1999 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.14 No.4

Changes in certain fish behaviors are known to be very sensitive indicators of sublethal exposure to environmental contaminants. Therefore, behavioral toxicity tests, if properly designed, can be very useful to assess the influence of hazardous chemicals on fish. However, quantitative analysis of xenobiotic -mediated changes in locomotor behavior in fishes are rare, due mainly to the methodological difficulties. In general, fish movement has been known to be hypertrophic or hypotrophic according to the chemicals. As a study of fish behavioral toxicities, we quatified the swimming movement of Orydas latipes using computer-automated video tracking system. Oryzias latipes was exposed to cadmium of 128 mg/L for 1 hour in a limited aquaria, then the total swimming distance, the average swimming velocity, the histogram of turning angles, and the turning frequency were analyzed. Fish treated with cadmium showed decreased swimming activities, decreased velocity, and decreased turning frequency, which means hypotrophic activity. From these results, the computer-automated video tracking system of this study seems to be a good tool for the evaluation of the potential ecotoxicological studies.

Humic acid가 카드뮴 어독성에 미치는 영향

류지성,정규혁,최필선,이길철,최덕일,최성수,류홍일,박광식 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1998 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.10 No.1

Cadmium, a major aquatic pollutant in many parts of the world, is toxic and readily accumulated in aquatic organisms. It mainly exists in water as complexes with organic ligands such as dissolved organic carbon and this complexation is known to have effects on the aquatic toxicities. In this study, acute toxicity, histology, and bioaccumulation were studied to evaluate effects of humic acid on cadmium toxicity and bioavailability to fish using Oryzias latipes and Cyprinus carpio. 96h-LC50 of cadmium was 6.38 ㎎/L using Oryzias latipes. However, the mortality showed the dose-dependent decrease when humic acid was added to the test solution. When fish were exposed to 5㎎/L of cadmium, histological changes in the exposed organs(caudal fins, gills, kidney, liver, and gut) of Cyprinus carpio were decreased by humic acid, especially in kidney and liver. Bioaccumulation of cadmium also decreased by treatment of humic acid. It seems that the formation of complexes between cadmium and humic acid may decrease bioavailability of cadmium to fish, and thus reduce the toxic effects of cadmium.

骨軟化症에 대한 東西醫學的 文獻考察

박종혁,황영근,정지천 동국대학교 한의학연구소 1999 東國韓醫學硏究所論文集 Vol.8 No.1

고령화와 육체적 활동의 감소로 증가 추세에 있는 骨軟化症의 臨床治療에 도움을 얻고자 歷代醫書와 中醫書, 中醫雜誌를 중심으로 症狀, 病因, 病理, 治法, 治方 등을 東西醫學的으로고찰하였다. 骨軟化症은 골의 석회화 장애로 골밀도가 감소되는 대사성 골질환으로, 東洋醫學에서는 骨??, 骨枯 등의 骨疾患에서 유사한 症狀이 나타나며, 病因은 주로 腎虛로서 서양의학의 신장 질환으로 인한 燐의 재흡수 불량, Vit-D 대사 이상과 유사하다. 症狀으로는 腰痛, 骨痛症, 다발성 골절, 동요성 보행 등이 나타난다. 治法은 補腎을 爲主로 하여 健脾益腎, 滋養氣血, 强壯筋骨 등이 있고, 治方은 六味地黃湯을 위주로 하여, 虎潛丸, 濟生腎氣丸, 大補陰丸 등이 활용되고 있으며, 藥物은 熟地黃, 虎脛骨, 胡挑肉, 紫河車, 社沖, 鹿角膠, 鹿茸 등의 補腎之劑가 주로 사용되고 있다. Osteomalacia is syndrome of divers etiology, characterized pathophysiologically by a failure of normal mineralization of bone and epiphyseal cartilage, This study was performed to investigate causes of disease, pathogenic mechanisms, symptoms, therapies and precriptions through the successive medical literatures, recent chinese medical literatures and chinese medical journals. It is similar to atrophic debility of bones, bone leaning, bone exhaustion, rheum atism involving the bone, osteodynia and cold and heat of bone etc. of oriental medicine. The most principal cause of this is deficiency of kidney, similar to hypo phosphatemia caused by increased renal clearance and deficiency of vitamin D. and the rest are senility, deficiency of spleen, deficiency of qi and deficiency of blood. There are nourishing the kidney and spleen, nourishing the qi and blood, warming and passing the muscle and mac, passing an articulation an invigorating the muscle and bone, in principal therapy. And in medical herbs are rehmanniae radix preparat, corni fructus, discoreae rhizoma, cuscutae semen, tigridis os, juglandis semen. hominis placenta, drynariae rhizoma, eucommiae cortex, cynomorii herba. corvi cornus colla, cervi pantotrichum cornu, moutan cortex, polygoni multiflori radix, angelicae gigantis radix, achyranthis bidentatae radix, cibotii rhizoma, hirudo, eupolyphaga, spatholobi caulis, salviae miltiorrhizae radix, draconis resina. curcumae longae rhizoma. In care there are a sun-bath, exercise, high protein diet and taking vitamin D. And they reduce smoking, coffee, drinking etc.

Pilomatricoma 환아에 대한 증례 보고

서현우,김지혁,박호원 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.31 No.1

Pilomatricoma(Calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe)는 모낭 세포 기원의 양성 연조직 종양으로, 보통 머리와 목 부위에 나타나며, 20세 이전의 여성들에게서 호발하고, 악성으로의 전이가 보고되기도 하나, 이는 극히 드물다. 임상적으로, 무통성, 표재성, 고형성이며 종종 적청색을 나타내고, 크기는 보통 0.5~3.Ocm 정도로 다양하게 나타난다. 조직학적으로, 세포기질 내에 상피조직이 존재하는 형태이며, 상피조직에서는 기저제포(basaloid cell)와 유령세포(ghost cell)가 특징적으로 나타나고, 세포내와 기질내 석회화가 종종 관찰되기도 한다. 진단은, 초진시 고형 물질의 촉진으로 병소를 의심해볼 수 있고, 조직병리학적 검사로 확진할 수 있다. 감별진단으로는 아가미낭(branchial cyst), 혈관종(hemangioma), 횡문근육종(rhabdomyosarcolna), 표피포함낭(epidermal inclusion cyst), 모낭(pilar cyst), 이하선 종양(parotid gland tumor), 피부의 골종(osteomas of the skin) 림프절의 석회화(calcified lymph nodes), 죽종(atheromas) 등이 있다. 치료로는 외과적 절제술이 추천되며 재발은 드물다. 본 증례는 우측 하악각 부위에 결절이 촉진되는 6세 여자 환아에게서 임상 검사와 방사선 검사 후 병소의 외과적 절제술을 시행하였으며, 조직병리학적 검사를 통해 pilomatricoma로 확진되었고, 양호한 치료 결과를 얻었기에 이에 보고하는 바이다. Pilomatricoma is a benign soft tissue tumor of hair follicle origin. They occur most commonly in the head and neck region and are usually found in girls during the first two decades of life. Although malignant transformation has been described, it is exceedingly rare. The clinical presentation is typically that of an asymptomatic, superficial, solitary, firm mass that is often accompanied by a reddish-blue discoloration of the overlying skin. Histopathologically pilomatricoma are seen as epithelial islands embedded in a cellular stroma. The epithelial component consist of two main cell types : basaloid cells and ghost cells. Intracellular and stromal calcification is reported in many cases. Diagnosis is usually suspected based on palpation of a superficial, rock-hard mass and confirmed by histopathologic examination. Surgical excision is both curative and the treatment of choice. Recurrence is rare. In this case, the radiographs showed a dense calcification, measuring about 1cm diameter. So simple excision was performed intraorally, and resultantly the lesion was proved to be a pilomatricoma by histological examination.

中風의 治法 중 潛陽法에 대한 문헌고찰

閔健祐,朴鍾赫,鄭智天 동국대학교 한의학연구소 2000 東國韓醫學硏究所論文集 Vol.9 No.-

潛陽法은 平肝治法의 일종으로 刊陽이 上亢해서 나타나는 頭目昏暈, 수족추휵, 구안괘사, 舌乾語澁, 頭痛不止, 猝然倒地 등의 症狀에 쓰는 治法이며 中風의 標實證을 다스리는 목적으로 多用되고 있다. 中風에서의 活用은 淸代에 이르러 본격화되었는데, 葉天士는 "자액식풍, 濡養營絡, 補陰潛陽"을 사용하였고, 張伯龍은 "潛鎭攝納" 하는 치료법을 사용하였다. 中風의 病理가 本虛標實하므로 항상 滋陰, 補水하는 治法과 相互補完的으로 사용되고 있다. 潛陽法이 多用된 병증은 刊胃陰虛, 風陽上擾로 인한 中經絡證과 中腑證 중에서 陽閉證이며, 脫證의 일부와 中風日久로 因한 癲癎에도 사용 되었다. 潛陽藥 중 珍珠母, 石決明, 玳瑁, 牡蠣, 見齒, 龜板, 鱉甲 등 介類의 효력이 뛰어나고, 治方으로는 鎭肝??風陽, 虎潛丸, 固本丹, 復脈湯, 天麻鉤藤飮, 羚羊角湯 등이 활용되고 있다. The methods of checking the exuberance of yang (潛陽法) are a kind of medical treatments Lvhich cure various symtoms caused by hyperactivity of liver-yang, at the same time used for treating apoplexy. Thus, I investigated the application of checking the exuberance of yang to treat stroke. The conclusions are as follows. We can find application of checking the exuberance of yang to apoplexy on Synopsis of the Gold Chamber. After Ye Gui who persisted the theory of endogenous wind, many physicians applied the method of checking the exuberance of yang and this method has usually applied with nourishing yin. The methods of checking the exuberance of yang are concretely applied as follows. 1) a portion of apoplexy involving the channels and collaterals, which is caused by deficiency of \-in and wind-fire pathogen. 2) excessive-syndrome of coma accompanied by heat syndrome. 3) epilepsy caused old apoplexy. The majority of shells for example abalone shell, hawksbill shell, oyster shell, tortoise-shell etc. are the most frequent use of herbal drug which check the exuberance of yang. The precriptions of checking the exuberance of yang are Ho-jam-hwan(虎潛丸), Ko-bon-dan(固本丹), Cheon-ma-gu-deung-eum(天麻鉤藤飮), Chin-gan-sik-pung-tang(鎭肝湜風湯) etc.