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Hemingway Goes to Hollywood : Film Adaptations of Hemingway's Novels
Jeong-meen Gye(계정민) 계명대학교 인문과학연구소 2006 동서인문학 Vol.0 No.39
The movie versions of Hemingway's novels has been often disappointing at best and horrible at worst. As a visual medium, film relies often too much on what is above the surface, and a writer of great, yet subtle, textual ability such as Hemingway would not transfer mediums well. Except this fundamental problem, further hindering adaptations of Hemingway's novels was the narrow-sightedness of studio executives who insisted on formulaic plots and pat resolutions, and a fickle public and callow screenwriters. The requirement that any difficulty be resolved for the audience damned every adaptation of America's greatest twentieth-century novelist. In A Farewell to Arms (1932), like so many other virtually identical movies of the early thirties, Fredric is a conventional Hollywood romantic lead in this movie. None of the internal conflict that he experiences in the novel makes it into the film. To Have and Have Not (1944) is a seeming sequel to 1943's Casablanca to catch the Casablanca lightning in a bottle for a second time. Hollywood molded Hemingway's great, textually deep, "The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber" into a proscribed romance, The Macomber Affair (1947). The Hollywood version of Hemingway's seminal novel The Sun Also Rises (1957), eliminating the fact that the characters are damaged more internally than externally and thus removing the ultimate conflict in the novel, the characters against themselves, transforms into a rather mediocre romantic movie.
서정민(Suh, Jeong-Meen) 한국국제경제법학회 2017 국제경제법연구 Vol.15 No.2
본 논문에서는 WTO체제 개혁방안 중 의사결정 방식의 대안으로 주목받고 있는 임계질량접근(critical mass approach)에 대해 살펴본다. 먼저 상품무역 시장접근 분야에서 사용되고 있는 임계질량 의사결정 방식을 교역비중 개념으로 명확화하고 현재 이러한 비중이 국가별로 어떻게 분포되어 있는지를 확인한다. 또한 임계질량 접근이 적용 가능한 조건은 무엇인지를 파악하기 위해 임계질량의 이론적 특징을 살펴보고 최근 동 접근이 활용된 협상사례를 분석한다. 이를 바탕으로 향후 임계질량 접근이 적용가능한 분야에 대한 시시점을 제시한다. In this paper, we examine critical mass approach which is considered as an alternative of decision making method among WTO system reform measures. First, we clarify the critical mass decision method, which is used in the field of access to commodity trade market, with the concept of trade share, and confirm how trade shares are distributed across countries. In addition, we examine the theoretical characteristics of critical mass to understand what conditions are applicable to the critical mass approach, and analyze the most recent case using the critical mass approach. Based on this, we present a point of future application of the critical mass approach.