植栽密度가 海松苗의 生長에 미치는 影響

權泳徹,尹在根 진주산업대학교 1979 論文集 Vol.17 No.-

海松 1-1苗를 生産하는데 보다 더 效果的인 方法을 摸索하고져 本 大學의 苗圃場에서 海松 1年生苗를 植栽密度別로 床替하여 生長狀態를 試驗한 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 植栽密度가 낮은 C區, D區 및 E區는 植栽密度가 높은 A區와 B區보다 生育空間이 比較的 넓어서 苗高生長이 좋았다. 2. 根元徑生長도 植栽密度가 낮은 C區, D區 및 E區가 좋았다. 3. 各區 모두 僅少한 枯死率을 나타내었으나, 植栽密度와는 關係가 없었다. 4. 海松 2年生苗의 養苗는 合格苗의 得苗比率이 높은 C區로 床替하는 것이 1年生苗의 損失이 적고 床替하는 勞動力도 節約된다고 생각된다. These studies were carried out know the effective way in order to produce 1-1 Black pine (Pinus thunber gii Parlatore) seedlings, and therefore they were transplanted as each planting density in this college's forestry seedbed and were investigated the growth by planting density. The results are summarized as follows. 1. In the case of C. plot, D. plot and E. plot of low planting density the top height growth was shown better than A. plot and B. polt of high planting density owing to have large width. 2. The root caliper growth was also showed to be good in C. plot, D. plot and E. plot of low planting density. 3. In the case of each plot, there was a similar ratio of withering and death and it was related to planting density. 4. Based on the above-mentiond results, it was concluded that 1-1 Black pine seedling should be transplanted at C. plot gainning much seedlings by standing test and for that reason the expenses and labors wre substracted by it.

南部地方에 있어서 일본전나무의 造林的 特性에 關한 硏究

權泳徹,金佑龍,金在慶,姜大哲,박명안 진주산업대학교 1978 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

本 硏究는 일본전나무와 他樹種 (삼나무, 편백, 리기다소나무)과의 旣成林分의 生長量을 比較하여 經濟的인 造林奬 勵樹種으로서의 適否를 밝히고자 일본건나무에 對한 植栽地調査, 種苗에 關한 特性調査, 旣成林分에 對한 立地 및 林況調査 (氣象調査, 土壤調査, 林況調査) 및 生長量調査 等을 實施하여 南部地方에 있어서 일본전나무의 造林的 特性에 關한 資料를 얻고자 本 硏究를 實施하였는데 그 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 일본전나무에 대한 種子의 品質檢定을 實施한바 種子의 收得率은 16.66%, 純量率 90.38%, 發芽率 25.25% 및 效率 22.82%로 調査되었다. 2. 일본전나무의 苗令別 生長을 調査한 結果 1-0苗는 幹長 5.3㎝, 根元徑 0.15㎝ 2-0苗는 幹長 12.4㎝, 根元徑 0.37㎝, 2-1苗는 幹長 16.8㎝, 根元徑 0.53㎝ 2-2苗는 幹長 23.4㎝, 根元徑 0.78㎝이었다. 3. 樹高生長에 있어서 일본전나무는 10年生까지는 緩慢한 成長을 보이다가 그 以后부터는 急成長을 나타내었으며, 55年生때 편백 15.06m 삼나무 17.2m인데 일본전나무는 17.2m로 나타났으며, 55年生 以后에는 일본전나무가 他樹種에 比하여 월등히 優勢한 樹高生長의 趨勢를 보여주고 있다. 4. 材積生長에 있어서 일본전나무는 25年生까지는 緩慢한 成長을 보이다가 그 以后부터는 急成長을 하였으며, 35年生에 와서 편백 0.0590㎥, 삼나무 0.0902㎥인데 일본전나무는 0.1039㎥로 나타났다. 5. 일본전나무는 樹高生長과 材積生長이 삼나무나 편백에 比해 相當히 優勢하고 比較的 耐寒性이 强한 편이며 本調査地域의 氣象條件은 硏平均氣溫 13.33∼15.05℃, 關係濕度 72.17∼79.42%, 年降水量 900.6∼2,006.2㎜로 나타났으며, 地況條件은 土壤은 壤土 및 埴壤土, 土深은 깊은 편이며 濕度는 適當한 편으로 地位는 上에 屬하였으므로 이와 類似한 立地條件을 形成하고 있는 南部地方에 있어서 造林奬勵樹種으로 價値가 있다고 判斷된다. This study was conducted to investigate the silvicultural characteristics of momi-fir (Abies firma Siebold et Zuccarini) on the southern part of korea t pursue the suitability for the economical promote species of silviculture comparing with the growth increment of momi-fir and the other species(Japanese-cedar, Hinoki cypress and pitch pine), and for that reason this survey studied the growth increment of momi-fir and the other species, the conditions of location (meteorological survey, soil survey) and stand description. This results obtained were as follows; 1. There were shown 16.66% as yield of seed, 90.38% as purity percentage, 25.25% as germination percentage and 22.82% as efficiency percentage by the quality test of momi-fir seed. 2. 1-0 nursery stock was shown 5.3㎝ stem height, 15㎜ root collar diameter, and 2-0 nursery stock was shown 12.4㎝ stem height, 37㎜ root collar diameter, and 2-1 nursery stock was shown 16.8㎝ stem height, 54㎜ root collar diameter, and 2-2 nursery stock was shown 23.4㎝ stem height, 78㎜ root collar diameter by the growth survey of planting stock age of momi-fir. 3. Momi-fir was grown moderately until 10 years, after 10 years grown rapidly. When the heights of each species reached to 55 years hinoki-cypress was 15.06m., Japanes ceder was 7.2m and momi-fir was 17.2m and after 55 years momi-fir was particularly shown superior tendency of height growth comparing to the other species. 4. The volume increment of momi-fir was grown slowly until 25 years, after 25 years grown rapidly, and when the volume increments of each species reached to 35 years hinoki-cypress was 0.0590㎡, Japanese-ceder was 0.0902㎡ and momi-fir was 0.1039㎡. 5. The height growth and volume increment of momi-fir was superior than Jadanese-ceder and hinoki-cypress, and momi-fir was stronger than other species in cold weather. Climatic conditions of this experimental area were as follows; Mean air temperature 13.33∼15.05℃, mean humidity 72.17∼79.42% and mean precipitation for 12 years(1967∼1978) 900.6∼2006.2㎜. Soil classes were loam and clayish loam, soil depth was deep, soil moisture was proper and soil topography was belonged to the top. According to the above mention it was recognized to be suitable for planting the momi-fir tree on the southern area of korea and similar soil and climatic conditions of the above.

수중 축소표적의 음향산란에 관한 연구 -실험과 분석

신기철,김재수 韓國海洋大學校 附設 海洋科學技術硏究所 1999 硏究論文集 Vol.8 No.-

The target detection, classification and motion analyses by active sonar system requires the detailed characteristics of scattered echoes in the near field. Because of the inherently complex scattering mechanism, experimental methods are widely used to understand the process of scattered echo formation. In this paper, the experimental approach and the date processing techniques are applied to the analyses of scattering mechanism. For this purpose, the scale target experiment in acoustic water tank is designed and the date obtained in the experiment are analyzed to characterize the echoes in time and frequency domain. Expecially, the analysis is focused on the identification of location and directivity of each HL points for parameterization of HL. In the geometric region, acoustic scattering is dominated by the specular reflection due to the shapes of target, and re-radiation is also important in certain aspect angle of the target.

기하광학영역에서의 능동소나 표적신호합성

신기철,박재은,김재수,최상문,김우식 한국해양대학교 해양과학기술연구소 2001 硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.1

능동소나 시스템에서 표적신호의 근거리 정보가 중요해짐에 따라, 표적 음향산란 신호의 고유한특성을 분석하기 위해 실험적인 방법과 시뮬레이션 기법이 사용된다. 본 논문에서는 표적신호 합성을 위해 축소표적 반향실험을 수행하였고, 자료의 분석 결과 축소표적의 음향산란은 거울면 반사의 영향이 큰 것으로 분석되어, 표적신호 합성에서 기하광학이론을 응용하였다. 복잡한 형태의 표적을 여러 표본형상으로 분리하고, 각 표본형상의 기여도를 신호의 위상과 강도를 줌으로써 계산하였으며. 표적신호 합성모델의 검증을 위해 실제 축소표적 실험 결과와 비교하였다. 혁심용어: 기하광학이론. 음향산란, 거울면반사. 축소표적, 능동소나 투고분야: 수중음향 분야 (5.2) Since the near field iformation of target signal is important in the development and verification of active sonar system experimental method and simulation technique are widely used in order to analyze the detail characteristics of target scattered echoes. Therefore, in this paper, the scale target experiment is performed to develope and improve the target signal simulation model. Since the experimental results show that the specular reflection is the major component among scattering mechanisms, the target signal simulation model based on the Geometric Optics Theory (GOT) is developed. Complex target is separated into simple shapes, known as canonical shape. The contribution from individual canonical shapes are summed with proper phase and amplitude to produse the target strength of the whole complex body. Simulated target signal is compared with the experimental results fed discussed.

일관성 광대역 정합장처리에 의한 수중 이동음원의 위치추적

신기철,박재은,김재수 韓國海洋大學校 附設 海洋科學技術硏究所 2002 硏究論文集 Vol.11 No.2

최근 수중음향에 대한 관심은 천해와 같은 복잡한 음파의 상호작용과 경계조건이 부정확한 해양환경으로 이동하고 있다. 천해 음향전파에 의해서 발생하는 어려움을 극복하기 위한 방법으로 음원의 광대역 스펙트럼에서 얻어지는 정보를 사용하여 견고성과 신뢰성을 증가시키는 광대역 정합장처리 기법이 사용된다. 본 논문에서는 협대역에서의 음장의 공간 일관성을 확장하여 다중 주파수를 사용한 주파수-공간 일관성 광대역 프로세서를 제안하였고, 이 프로세서를 실제 광대역 이동음원에 적용하여 음원위치추적을 수행하였다. 제안된 일관성 프로세서는 음원의 정위치 추정확률이 높았으며, 특히 정합장출력의 부엽준위에서 비일관성 프로세서와 비교해 일관성 프로세서가 상당히 낮은 준위를 나타내었다. The shallow-water environment presents additional challenges arising from the complex interaction patterns of the sound with the sea bed. In order to overcome the difficulties generated by shallow-water propagation, broad-band matched field processing has been employed in an effort to increase robustness by utilizing multiple frequency information. In this paper, a coherent broad-band matched field processor is introduced that incorporates the spatial coherence of the acoustic field not only over one frequency but across frequencies. The incoherent and coherent processors are applied to the experimental data where it is shown that both processors give a high probability of correct localization. Also it is found that a coherent processor has better performance in the sidelobe pattern of ambiguity surfaces.

유기농업에서의 작물의 양분관리

안난희, 신재훈, 옥정훈, 이상민, 김석철, 사동민 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2016 農業科學硏究 Vol.32 No.2

Soil fertility is fundamental in determining the productivity of all farming systems and is most�ﾠ�ﾠ commonly defined in terms of the ability of the soil to supply nutrients to crops. Organic farming systems rely on the management of soil organic matter to enhance the chemical, biological and physical properties of the soil, in order to optimize crop production. Organic agriculture excludes the use of chemical nitrogen fertilizers, instead requiring a balance between supply and demand nutrients through the use of organic matter. Nutrient management is one of the main challenges facing organic farming. The short term challenge is supplying sufficient nutrients to crops at the correct point in their development to achieve economically viable yield, while in the long term, the difficulty is to balance nutrient inputs and runoffs to avoid nutrient rundown or environmental pollution. This paper reviews information from the literature to investigate strategies of managing nutrients by supplying organic matter in organic agriculture during the major phases of crop growth.

최소분산 프로세서를 사용한 정합장 처리에서 신호단편 수에 따른 바이어스의 영향

박재은,신기철,김재수 韓國海洋大學校 附設 海洋科學技術硏究所 2001 硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.2

적응 정합장처리에서 어레이의 센서 수보다 부족한 신호단편 수로 표본 공분산 행렬을 구성할 경우 행렬 계수의 부족으로 행렬의 역변환에 문제가 발생된다. 이를 해결하기 위해 표본 공분산행렬의 대각성분에 일정한 값을 더하거나 고유분해와 같은 기법을 사용하나, 그 결과로 프로세서 출력에서는 바이어스가 발생된다. 본 논문은 고정음원에서 신호단편의 수에 따른 적응 프로세서 출력의 바이어스와 음원 위치 추정결과를 고찰하기 위해 표본 공분산행렬의 대각성분에 일정한 값을 첨가하는 방법으로 최소분산 기법을 사용하여 수치실험과 실측 자료를 분석하였다. 그 결과 센서 수보다 많은 신호단편을 사용하는 것이 바이어스가 적으며, 음원 위치 추정에서도 좋은 성능을 보였다. When using a sample covariance matrix data in paucity of snapshots, adaptive matched field processing will have problem in inverting covariance matrix due to the rank deficiency. The general solutions are diagonal loading and eigenanalysis methods, but there is a significant bias in the power output. This paper presents a quantitative study of bias of power output and the performance of source localization through the simulation and the measured data analysis in fixed source case using the diagonal loading method for the minimum variance processor. Results show that the bias in power output is reduced and the performance of source localization is improved when the number of snapshots is greater than the number of array sensors.

압출용 다이스의 Melt-고분자 열유동 기초연구

정효희,김재열,최진호,유신,윤성운,홍철,김종문 한국공작기계학회 2008 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

As importance part of extruder, hopper(Hopper) been raw material supply wealth, main frame that screw and barrel that transformation of supply raw material attains are because deformed raw material is fearful finally extrusion to done dies attain. Extruder is divided by greatly above 3 but hopper has assembled in dehumidification of raw material and supply of smooth raw material, and make in Melt state as raw material is stabilized because main frame consists of screw and barrel and Melt does anaphora as done material is stabilized. And dies that is last part between barrel with screw anaphora done Melt material as is stabilized without causing change that is much depending on anaphora of screw from dies way out as correct product produce make to. In this treatise, make anaphora can present ideal dies basis design using CFdesign that is heat & flow analysis programs so that can produce detailed product through pipe channel flow analysis of stable dies applying anaphora value of do polymer raw material in Screw.

센서 위치 보정을 통한 원추형 자기베어링 로터의 위치 제어

양승준,곽병철,김주영,이재응 중앙대학교 기술과학연구소 2001 기술과학연구소 논문집 Vol.31 No.-

이 논문에서는 원추형 자기베어링으로 지지된 고속 연삭기 로터의 정밀진동제어에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 이러한 연구 목적으로 달성하기 위하여 전력증폭기와 원추형 자기베어링을 포함한 각 축에 대하여 이산시간 모델을 규명하였으며, 그 결과를 모의 제어기의 설계시 활용하였다. 또한 제어기의 입력값을 조절하여 자기베어링 공간내에 로터가 최적의 위치에 놓일 수 있도록 조정하였으며, 위치를 검출하는 센서와 전자기적 흡인력을 발생하는 액츄에이터 사이의 위치 불일치를 보정하는 방법을 개발하고 실험 대상에 적용하였다. 그 결과 front 방향과 rear 방향 사이의 연성 효과가 확연히 감소되었고, 로터 회전시의 진폭이 50,000 rpm에서 ±7㎛ 이내의 성능을 보이는 정밀 진동 제어를 수행하였다. In this paper, the precise vibration control problems of high speed grinding rotor supported by cone-shaped active magnetic bearings are investigated. Toward this end, each part of the system including power amplifiers and magnetic bearing systems are identified s discrete time models, and the results are used for controller design. In addition, the correction method of the position error between sensor and actuator are developed and implemented for the experiments. As a result, the coupling effect between front and rear axis are decreased and the amplitudes of rotor vibration are controlled within ±7㎛ at 50,000 rpm.

영지식 기반의 일방향 신분인증 방식

송규석,김태형,류재철 충남대학교 자연과학연구소 1993 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.20 No.2

Now a days, identification scheme over a network is developed with Zero-Knowledge mechanism so that the interaction gives the verifier the intended result and nothing more. This paper compares the processing speed and communication cost and memory needed for storage of five identification schemes in 2^-20, 2^-30, 2^-72 security level : Fiat-Shamir, Micali-Shamir, Cuillou-Quisquater, Schnorr, and Brickell-McCurley.