DDD(the Defined Daily Dose) 방식에 의한 국내 항생제 사용량 산출 및 항생제 약제비 분석

이의경,장선미 大韓臨床藥理學會 2000 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.8 No.1

인천 월미공원 조경설계

장종수,임의제,이준복 한국전통조경학회 2003 한국전통조경학회지 Vol.21 No.2

This article is an abstract of the prize-winner master plan for Wolmee Park in Incheon, Korea. The main theme of the park is the revival of the Korean traditional garden style. The park provides a place for citizens to understand and experience Korean traditional garden styles by emphasizing Koreas traditional images and feelings. In addition, cultural traditions are harmonized with modern characteristics of the park. The plan includes restoring Wolmee-haenggung(a temporary palace used to be in Wolmee Island) to hold its traditional meaning as garden and plate of the Wolmee Island. Main design ideas are summarized below. First, the conceptual meaning of jeong-won(庭園, garden) is represented separately: jeong(庭) and won(園). Jeong(庭) is a man-made place and reappeared as tangible objects with traditional forms. In contrast, won(園) with the concept of wonrim(園林), the universal principle of Korean traditional garden style, which focuses on the harmony between human and nature, is symbolically represented as wolmeegugok(月尾九曲, nine beautiful landscapes along the river). Second, to deliver the meanings of the place, various historical and cultural elements of Wolmee Island are metaphorically added to the traditional garden frameworks. And third, the plan basically orients to preserve the ecologically healthy natural environment of Mt. Wolmee. The park will contribute for Incheon citizens as well as people nearby by providing healthy environment and various recreational activities.

키토산 구슬을 이용한 가토 연골세포의배양

장의찬,김경환,저호중,이기현,정상인,손태일 대한정형외과연구학회 2003 대한정형외과연구학회지 Vol.6 No.2

자궁 경부의 상피내암, 침윤이 있는 상피내암과 침윤성 편평상피암에서 p53, Ki-67 및 HER-2/neu의 표출 양상

장우섭,오미혜,양승하,김의한 순천향대학교 교수학습개발센터 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.3

To observe the expression of p53, Ki-67 and HER-2/neu in uterine cervical lesions, such as 10 cases of carcinoma in situ(CIS), 7 cases of carcinoma in situ with stromal invasion and 8 cases of invasive squamous cell carcinoma without carcinoma in situ, and to evaluate the corrleationship between results, the author has been carried out immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibodies to p53, Ki-67 and HER-2/neu. So, following results are obtained. 1. The p53 show negative reaction in all cases of CIS, and similar patterns in CIS with stromal invasion and invasive squamous cell carcinoma. 2. Ki-67 show high proliferation pattern in all cases and the basal cell show proliferating activity. 3. HER-2/neu show higher score in area of CIS than invasive area in stroma. 4. The stain pattern of HE-2/neu and p53 appeared to be inverse proportion to each other

스마트 디바이스의 소프트웨어 플랫폼 기술

홍장의 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신연구소 2011 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.19 No.2

-본문참고-

림프절 질환들에서 병변에 따른 수지상 세포의 변화

장영우,김대중,양승하,김의한 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.1

The reaction patterns of the dendritic cells in lymph node lesions was as follows; 1. The number of the dendritic cells in the nonspecific lymphadenitis showed no significant decrease, so the immunologic reaction in the lymph nodes substained. 2. The number of the dendritic cells in tuberculous lymphadenitis showed significant decrease in case of the tubercles present in the lymph node than in case of no tubercle present. 3. The dendritic cells in lymph nodes of gastric adenocarcinoma were entirely disappeared regardless of metastasis. 4. The dendritic cells in lymph node of infiltrating ductal carcinoma were observed significantly regardless of metastasis. Above results suggested that the no expression of dentritic cells appeared to be the result of loss of function than disappearance. The loss of function of dendritic cells meaned that the easy infiltration of agents due to lack of immune reaction Because the immune reaction of lymph node in infiltrating ductal carcinoma was sustained while the immune reaction of lymph node in gastric adenocarcinoma was significantly reduced, the prognosis of infiltrating ductal carcinoma was better than gastric adenocarcinoma. But more research is necessary about the other prognostic factors.

특수형태근로종사자의 노동법적 보호방안 연구

장의성 한국사회보장학회 2005 社會 保障 硏究 Vol.21 No.2

우리나라 특수형태근로종사자에 대한 법원의 태도는 현행 노동법 체계 하에서는 근로기준법상 근로자로 볼 수 없기 때문에 노동법적 보호를 할 수가 없다는 입장이다. 따라서 이들에 대한 법적 보호는 노동법 제·개정 등을 통해 입법정책적으로 할 수밖에 없다. 특수형태근로종사자 노동법적 보호의 구체적 내용은, 『① 근로자·특수형태근로종사자·사용자 등 3분법 체계를 인정하는 특별법을 제정하고, ② 특수형태근로종사자의 법적 정의와 법적 지위(근로종사자와 자영인의 2중적지위 및 근로자와 사용자의 중간적지위)규정을 명문화한다. ③ 근로자냐 특수형태근로종사자냐 사용자냐하는 다툼 발생시 이를 판단할 '근로형태심사위원회'라는 법적 기구를 노동부에 설치하여 법원 판결 이전상태에서 오는 법적 불안정성을 방지하는 것이다. 또한 특수형태근로종사자의 법적 지위 즉 2중적 지위와 중간적 지위 성격상, ④ 개별근로규정은 일반근로자에 비해 보호범위가 적으며, ⑤ 집단근로규정은 헌법제33조에 입각한 노동3권이 인정되지 않는다. 다만 헌법제32조 근로의 권리와 헌법제21조 결사의 자유에 입각하여 특별법규정으로 직업별 단체의 설립과 교섭 그리고 협약체결권은 인정하되 단체행동은 금지한다』는 것을 골자로 하고 있다. The position of the courts on workers in special types of employment is that these workers cannot be protected by labor laws, because they are not considered workers defined by the Labor Standards Act. Therefore, the only way to give them legal protection is by relying on legislative policies such as the enactment or amendment of labor laws. Specifically speaking, to give legal protection to workers in special employment, ① a special law can be established that classifies workforce into three parts, such as workers, workers in special employment and employers. ② The definition and status (Their status is double both as workers and the self-employed and falls in the middle between workers and employers) of workers in special employment can be stipulated by laws. ③ A legal body called the "Diagnosis Committee for Workers in Special Employment", which makes a judgement, when there is a dispute over whether a certain worker should be categorized as a worker, a worker in special employment, or an employer can be set up within the Ministry of Labor, thereby being able to prevent legal insecurity that could happen before a court ruling is delivered. ④ Because of the unique nature of their double and middle status, workers in special employment are protected less by provisions on individual labor relations than general workers. ⑤ Moreover, provisions on collective labor relations fail to guarantee these workers three basic labor rights stipulated by the Constitution. However, under special laws based on Article 32 (Right to Work) and Article 21 (Freedom of Association) of the Constitution, workers in special types of employment are granted the right to organize a group by occupational area, the right to collective bargaining and the right to collective agreements while being prohibited from taking collective action.

지리과 내용요소로서 '지명'의 의미 탐색과 교수-학습의 실제

장의선 한국사회과교육연구학회 2004 사회과교육 Vol.43 No.2

본 연구에서는 '지리적 문해력' 습득을 위한 내용구성 요소로서 지명의 의미와 지리 교육적 의의 및 실제를 제시하였다. 먼저 '지명'이라는 요소를 학습자 일상생활과 밀접한 관련성을 가진 기호적 표상체계와 환경인지의 결과물로서 살펴보았다. 특히 지역의 특성과 학습자 의사소통의 수단인 언어의 결합으로 생성된 기호표상으로서의 지명과, 지역의 환경과 그에 대한 인간의 사유와 경험이 융합된 '의미의 집합체'로서 지명은 학습자 일상생활에서 매우 익숙해져 있을 것이라고 판단하였다. 이러한 판단을 토대로 기존 교육과정에서 나열되었던 지명의 단순 암기가 아닌 학습자 일상생활과 연결된 맥락에서 지명학습이 가능함을 제시하였다. 학습자들이 직접 생활하는 지역에 대해 지리적 문해력이라는 지리교과의 목표 달성의 내용요소로서 지명의 적합성을 제시한 것이다. 전술한 논거를 토대로 지리과 내용구성 요소로서 지명의 의의를 살펴본 후, 지명을 내용 요소로 한 지리 교수-학습의 실제를 제시하였다. 지명을 활용한 지리 수업에는 지명의 상징성을 통한 장소성 학습과 지명의 언어적 구조를 통한 환경인지, 그리고 추상적 공간인지로서 지명의 이해 등의 유형이 있다. 이들은 지명에 대해 서로 다른 측면에서 접근한 관점이지만 서로 분절적이지 않으며 필요에 따라 융합되어 사용될 수 있다. 마찬가지로 지명을 활용한 교수-학습안 역사 다양한 수업모형의 장점을 수업 상황에서 적절히 배합하여 구성하였다. 그리고 실제적 예시는 지형적으로 상이한 청송군과 창녕군을 비교지역으로 삼아 제시하였다. This study is to present educational meaning and practice of place for improving the geographical literacy in geography education. Place name is classified into two dimension, semiotic representational system and out of environmental cognition. Especially, I took it granted that student was accustomed with place-name as symbolic presentation which is made up of combination between region's characteristic and student's communicational language and as node of meaning which is mixture of region's environments and men's thinking and experience. On the basis of this judgement, I found that place-name class that is linked with lerner's everyday life is available without mere memorizing listed place-name. Place-name is great elements to improve learner's geographical literacy to their living place and proper for making goal of geography subject matter, in case of Chung song Gun, Changnyeong Gun and their neighbor region.

편평 세포암, 광선 각화증 및 Bowen병에서 p53과 Ki-67의 발현 양상

장영우,양승하,김의한 순천향의학연구소 2003 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.9 No.1

Background : The function of p53 protein was known to regulate damaged cell proliferation in S phase, so damaged cell proliferation was not occurred by apoptosis. Ki-67 nuclear antigen has been used as a marker to define growth fraction in both benign and malignant tumors. The Ki-67 nuclear antigen was expressed throughout the cell cycle except G0 and early G1 phase. The role of p53 and Ki-67 in oncogenesis, tumor progression and prognosis were important. The authors analyzed immunohistochemical expression of p53 and Ki-67 in squamous cell carcinoma, actinic keratosis and Bowen's disease. Method: Seventeen cases of squamous cell carcinoma, fifteen cases of actinic keratosi and seven cases of Bowen's disease were immunohistochemically stained with p53 and Ki-67 monoclonal antibodies. Results: 1. p53 protein were expressed mainly in basal layer in well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and diffusely expressed in poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. In actinic keratosis, the expression pattern of p53 was similar to well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, but the intensity was lower. 2. In Bowen's disease, the p53 protein was more diffusely and strongly expressed than squamous cell carcinoma. 3. The ki-67 labelling index in squamous cell carcinoma was below 20% regardless of differentiation. In actinic keratosis, the labelling index was lower. 4. The Ki-67 labelling index in Bowen's disease was higher than squamous cell carcinoma and weakly expressed in basal layer, especially adjoining dermis. 5. In mitotic cells, the p53 protein was not expressed, but Ki-67 nuclear antige was strongly expressed. Above results suggested that Bowen's disease is almostly composed of immature cell while squamous cell carcinoma was composed of the mature and immature cells. In spite of higher labelling index in Bowen's disease, the growth rate is really faster in squamous cell carcinoma. The authors suggested the reason that the number of the mitotic cells in Bowen's disease were fewer than that of squamous cell carcinoma.

Spray Dryer를 이용한 배연탈황의 수치모사

오의경,이형근,김선근,장순희 중앙대학교 생산공학연구소 1995 생산공학연구소 논문집 Vol.4 No.1

반건식 배연탈황공정에서 사용되는 spray dryer absorber(SDA)에 대한 수치모사를 행하였다. 기본 방정식으로는 기체와 액적의 각 성분들의 물질수지식, 에너지수지식과 액적의 운동 방정식등이 포함되었다. 만들어진 모델은 대부분이 기존의 SPRAYMOD-M보다 실제의 pilot plant date를 더 잘 모사하였다. 실제 pilot plant에서 사용되는 값의 범위 내에서 선정된 공정변수가 SDA의 성능에 미치는 효과를 계산하고, 이를 SO₂의 흡수속도, 배연기체의 체류시간, 그리고 액적의 건조시간 및 속도 등에 의해 검토하였다. 또 SO₂제거율을 두 개의 독립된 공정 변수의 함수로 구하였으며, 그 결과를 3차원 또는 2차원의 등가선으로 표시하여 SDA의 설계에 쉽게 적용될 수 있도록 하였다. A mathematical model has been developed for simulating the spray dryer absorber (SDA) used in semi-dry flue gas desulfurization process. Fundamental equations include the component mass and heat balances in both gas and droplet phases and the equation of motion for a single droplet. The model developed described the pilot-plant data much better than the existing SPRAYMOD-M model. The effect of the process variables, whose values were chosen within the operation limits of the actual pilot plants, on % SO₂removal or conversion of the sorbent were calculated, and discussed in terms of SO₂absorption rate, the residence time of flue gas, the velocity and drying time of droplets. Finally, the % SO₂removal was calculated with two independent process variables and the results were shown on three-dimensional or two-dimensional diagrams with the lines of constant % SO₂removal, so that they can be easily applied to preliminary design of the SDA.