Hepatic Cirrhosis Occurring in a Young Woodchuck(Marmota monax) Due to Vertical Transmission of Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus(WHV)

Kyu-shik Jeong,정원일,Jae-yong Chung,Mi-young An,Chae-yong Jung,Gyoung-jae Lee,Jong-soo Kang,Byeong-cheol Kang,Young-heun Jee,Bruce H Williams,Young-oh Kwon,Da-hee Jeong 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.2

Cirrhosis Occurring in a Young Woodchuck (Marmota monax) Due to Vertical Transmission of Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus (WHV)Da-hee Jeong, Won-il Jeong, Jae-yong Chung, Mi-young An, Chae-yong Jung, Gyoung-jae Lee1, Jong-soo Kang1, Byeong-cheol Kang2, Young-heun Jee3, Bruce H Williams4, Young-oh Kwon5 and Kyu-shik Jeong*College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea1Shinwon Scientific Co., LTD, Research Institute, Suwon, Korea2Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-744, Korea3College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea

18–30세 사이에 발생하는 뇌경색의 특징, 다기관 레지스트리 연구

장윤경,송태진,김용재,허지회,이경열,김영은,장민욱,조수진,강석윤 이화여자대학교 의과학연구소 2017 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.40 No.3

Objectives: Although there have been several reports that described characteristics for young age stroke, information regarding very young age (18–30 years old) has been limited. We aimed to analyze demographic factors, stroke subtype, and 3-month outcome in acute ischemic stroke patient who have relatively very young age in multicenter stroke registry. Methods: We evaluated all 122 (7.1%) consecutive acute ischemic stroke (within 7 days after symptom onset) patients aged 18 to 30 from 17,144 patients who registered in multicenter prospective stroke registry, 1997 to 2012. Etiology was classified by Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment criteria. Stroke severity was defined as National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and stroke outcome was defined by modified Rankin scale (mRS) at 3 months after index stroke. Results: The mean age of all included patients was 25.1±3.7 years and 76 patients (62.2%) were male. The median NIHSS at admission was 4. Considering stroke subtype, 37 patients (30.3%) had stroke of other determined etiology (SOD), 37 (30.3%) had undetermined negative evaluation (UN) and 31 (25.4%) had cardioembolism (CE) were frequently noted. After adjusting age, sex and variables which had P<0.1 in univariable analysis (NIHSS and stroke subtype), CE stroke subtype (odds ratio, 4.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.42–15.48; P=0.011) were significantly associated with poor functional outcome (mRS≥3). Conclusion: In very young age ischemic stroke patients, SOD and UN stroke subtype were most common and CE stroke subtype was independently associated with poor discharge outcome.

취업모 가정의 유아 컴퓨터 활동 환경 연구

이재연,신소영 숙명여자대학교 아동연구소 2000 兒童硏究 Vol.14 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine the children's computer activity concerning their working mother's recognition, home environment and current operation at their home. 109 working mothers who sampled in 5 day care centers were selected as the subjects of this study. This study was performed by the questionnaire made by this researcher, and the data were analyzed with Frequency, Percentage. The results of this study are as follows, Working mother's recognition on the need of young children's computer activity was positive(91.8%0. Working mother thought that young children's computer activity was needed for young children's various experiences(24.7%) and the preparation for the future life(22.6%). The most important objective of young children's computer activity was to help children get familiar with the computer(30.3%). And working mothers recognized that the effect of young children's computer activity was to promote their children's originality, imagination and insight. The environment of young children's computer activity in the working mother's home was sufficient(75.3%). Most have their own computer hardware and peripheral equipment. And the computer's installation environment was set up well. Young children did computer activities with parents(33.3%) or brothers(47.4%) at their livingroom. It took one hour for young children to do the computer activity at home(75.7%). The degree of possession of the software in working mother's home was 1-5(50.0%). Working mother put a software at young children's computer activity from the beginning(65.4%). And they confirmed the contents of the software. A standard of buying the software was mainly inducement that people had ever that software(24.1%). Working mother recognized on the possessing software that were appropriate for their children's age and educational. An obstacle about children's computer activities in their home was shown to be insufficient of possessing appropriate software for the child. For the activation of the children's computer activity, it was required to possess various and appropriate softwares. For children's computer activity was connected with day care center's, working mother wanted to take part in parent's seminar(36.6%) or participation class for parents(23.4%).

위암의 연령에 따른 차이

김영재(Young Jae Kim),이영철(Young Chul Rhee),이만길(man Kill Lee),차호(Ho Cha),정영채(Young Chae Jung) 대한소화기학회 1987 대한소화기학회지 Vol.19 No.1

N/A Comparative analytic review on clinical, endoscopic and histopathological findings was done in 13 cases of young age (under 29), 446 cases of mid age (30~69) and 39 cases of old age (above 70) stomach cancer who were visited Department of Internal Medicine of Masan Koryo General Hospital from March 1981 to July 1985. The following results were obtained: The peak of age incidence was the 5th decade amounting to 36.8%. The ratio between male and female was 2.6:1. The main chief complaint of each group was epigastric pain and it was followed by epigastric fullness. The most patient had the duration of symptom from 3 months to 6 months. For old-age group, mid-age group, major site of lesion in the antrum, meanwhile body for young-age group. The most frequent type of gastric cancer was type III in each group by Borrmanns classification. For each group, adenocarcinoma was major cases in the view of histopathological findings, and incidence of well differentiated type adenocarcinoma were lower in young-age group than others.

유아교육기관의 통학버스 안전실태

심윤영,이재연 숙명여자대학교 아동연구소 2005 兒童硏究 Vol.18 No.1

The purpose of this study is to understand general safety of school buses and safety education at early childhood education center, analyze teachers' awareness and needs for safety of a school bus, and present fundamental data for teachers to protect young children against possible incidents at a early childhood education center. To grasp the conditions of safety of a school bus, safety education, and teacher's awareness and needs for the bus, a survey was conducted with 171 teaches who got on a school bus to bring in and out young children at kindergartens and child care center in Seoul area. The results of this study were as follows: First, as for safety of a school bus at early childhood education centers, young children used a school bus to attend a center and many buses had 15 to 25 seats at most early childhood education centers (70.3%). In terms of school buses, they were good at being insured, yellow vehicles, emergency network, and teachers' boarding but were poor at children protection mark attachment, observance of the seating capacity, and wearing a safety belt. Only about a half (54.4%) were registered as children protection vehicles; thus, young children could hardly be protected by the children protection vehicles. After investigating home-coming guidance for young children using a school bus at an educational center, teachers led young children to parents in most cases, while parents came out to send and meet them in a half of the cases; therefore, parents are required to change their perception of young children's safety. It was found to take about one hour a day on average for teachers to get on a school bus to young children. Second, in terms of safety training for a school bus at early childhood education centers, most centers (60.8%) provided parents about once or twice a year with information on the use of school buses in the form of newsletter. While young children's safety training for a school bus provided during regular classes and in need of safety guide for attending the center, there were difficulties due to the lack of educational materials related to safety training for a school bus and the want of concerns by the centers. Third, as for teachers' awareness and needs for safety of a school bus, teachers thought of a school bus as the center as relatively safe; however, nearly a half of the teachers failed to know the provision of children protection vehicles and penalties.

Factors associated with the risk of colorectal neoplasia in young adults under age 40

Ilsoo Kim,Han Hee Lee,Young Jae Ko,Ho Eun Chang,Dae Young Cheung,Bo-In Lee,Young-Seok Cho,Jin Il Kim,Myung-Gyu Choi 대한내과학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.37 No.5

Background/Aims: Recent epidemiologic studies have shown a continued increase in colorectal cancer incidence among younger adults. Little is known about the factors that contribute to the development of young-onset colorectal neoplasia (CRN). Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed for individuals younger than 40 years who underwent colonoscopy in Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital and its affiliated health screening center. High-risk CRN was defined as adenoma or sessile serrated lesion ≥ 10 mm, with three or more adenomas, villous histology, high grade dysplasia, or carcinoma. Results: Of these 13,621 included participants, 2,023 (14.9%) had one and more CRN. Young patients with CRN tended to be elderly, male, obese, smoker, having a habit of drinking, and having comorbidities such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. In a multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, obesity, smoking status, and alcohol intake, old age (odds ratio [OR], 1.086; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.054 to 1.119), male sex (OR, 1.748; 95% CI, 1.247 to 2.451), obesity (OR, 1.439; 95% CI, 1.133 to 1.828), and smoking (OR, 1.654; 95% CI, 1.287 to 2.127) were independent risk factors for overall CRN. Obesity and smoking as two modifiable factors increased the risk for high-risk CRN even more than for overall CRN (OR, 1.734; 95% CI, 1.168 to 2.575 and OR, 1.797; 95% CI, 1.172 to 2.753, respectively). Conclusions: Obesity and smoking were modifiable risk factors for CRN in young adults. They increased the risk for highrisk CRN even more than for overall CRN. A colonoscopy might be beneficial for young individuals with these factors.

고령자 급성 췌장염의 임상적 고찰

이진헌,강진경,박인서,송건훈,정재복,백용한,송시영,서정훈 대한소화기학회 1998 대한소화기학회지 Vol.32 No.3

Background/Aims: Inflammatory diseasas of the pancreas are not uncommon. The advanced age is one of the significant factors in assessing the severity of acute pancreatitis. It has been shown that the biliary tract disease is a more frequent cause of acute pancreatitis in the elderly than in the young. With the increased life span, the elderly are comprising a large proportion of the population. As a result, physicians are more often being faced with acute pancreatitis in the elderly. The purpose af this study was to evaluate clinical features of acute panereatitis in the elderly. Methods: A total of 188 patients with acute pancreatitis were reviewed. We investigated the differences of clinical characteristics between the elderly patients aged over 60 and the young patients aged under 60. Results: The sex distribution showed male preponderance in the young patients (M:F=2.4:1), but was nearly equal in the elderly patients (M:F=1.1:1). The most common cause of acute pancreatitis in the elderly was biliary tract disease (52.5%), while alcohol abuse was the most common cause in the young patients (38.8%), Local complications of acute pancreatitis, such as psuedocyst, necrosis, abscesses were not differently shown between the elderly (16.9%) and the young (20.2%) patients. Systemic complications including acute puhnonary failure occurred more frequently in the elderly patients than the young patients. The mortality rate of the elderly patients (5.1%) was not significantly different from that of the young patients (3.1%). Conclusions: To detect correctable underlying bihary tract diseases the elderly patients with acute pancreatitis should be completely investigated using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). In addition, the patient should be closely monitored for the development of the systemic complications during the disease process.

고령자 급성 췌장염의 임상적 고찰

백용한,서정훈,송건훈,이진헌,송시영,정재복,강진경,박인서,이수진 大韓消化器病學會 1998 大韓消化器病學會誌 Vol.32 No.3

흰쥐에서 갑상샘 절제 후 재생에 따른 세포 및 세포사이물질의 변화

황영일,정용환,이왕재,황덕호,유영복,김혜숙,장가용 대한해부학회 1997 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.30 No.4

Lexicon-dependent Optimality Theory

Jae-Young Lee 한국음운론학회 2004 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.10 No.1

Lee, Jae-Young. 2004. Lexicon-dependent Optimality Theory. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology. 10.1. 69.88. This paper aims at providing an extended Optimality Theory (OT) in which human mental lexicon is highly valued in phonological grammar. Current mainstream OT does not focus its concern on the lexicon. This paper seeks to offer a more straightforward explanation for English allomorphy and stress by taking the lexicon into serious consideration. This paper claims that some portion of English allomorphy and stress poses challenge to the OT assumption that the lexical input plays no significant role in grammar, the assumption being embodied by the Richness of the Base principle. However, some types of English allomorphy and stress patterns show that lexical information affects the evaluation of output well-formedness. Thus, this paper claims that dependence on the lexicon gives a simpler analysis of English allomorphy and stress patterns than disregard of the lexicon does, and that the lexicon-sensitive analysis broadens the latitude of OT. (Seoul National University)