Original Articles : Clinical significance of occult hepatitis B virus infection in chronic hepatitis C patients

( Jae Young Jang ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Sung Ran Cheon1 ),( Sae Hwan Lee1 ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Young Koog Cheon ),( Young Seok Kim1 ),( Young Deok Cho1 ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( So Young Jin ),( Yun Soo 대한간학회 2011 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.17 No.3

Background/Aims: We investigated the frequency of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive individuals and the effects of occult HBV infection on the severity of liver disease. Methods: Seventy-one hepatitis B virus surface-antigen (HBsAg)-negative patients were divided according to their HBV serological status into groups A (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs negative; n=18), B (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs positive; n=34), and C (anti-HBc negative, anti-HBs positive/negative; n=19), and by anti-HCV positivity (anti-HCV positive; n=32 vs. anti-HCV negative; n=39). Liver biopsy samples were taken, and HBV DNA was quantified by real-time PCR. Results: Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 32.4% (23/71) of the entire cohort, and HBV DNA levels were invariably low in the different groups. Occult HBV infection was detected more frequently in the anti-HBc-positive patients. Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 28.1% (9/32) of the anti-HCV-positive and 35.9% (14/39) of the anti-HCV-negative subjects. The HCV genotype did not affect the detection rate of intrahepatic HBV DNA. In anti-HCV-positive cases, occult HBV infection did not affect liver disease severity. Conclusions: Low levels of intrahepatic HBV DNA were detected frequently in both HBsAg-negative and anti-HCV-positive cases. However, the frequency of occult HBV infection was not affected by the presence of hepatitis C, and occult HBV infection did not have a significant effect on the disease severity of hepatitis C. (Korean J Hepatol 2011;17:206-212)

A Study on Characteristics of Wet Oxide Gate and Nitride Oxide Gate for fabrication of NMOSFET

Yi, Jae-Young,Lee, Young-Hui,Yi, Cheon-Hee 청주대학교 산업과학연구소 2005 産業科學硏究 Vol.23 No.1

이 논문에서는 HP 4145 소자 테스터를 사용하여 핫 케리어 효과와 트래핑차지, SILC의 특성을 비교하기 위하여 질화 산화막 게이트와 습식게이트 산화막을 가지고 0.26㎛ NMOSFET를 테스트하고 생성시켰다. 그 결과로 습식게이트 산화막소자보다 질화 산화막 게이트의 특성이 더 좋다는 것을 알게 되었고 특히 핫 케리어 라이트 타임이 (질화 산화막 게이트 소자는 30년이나 습식 게이트 산화막은 10년) 길고 Vg의 변화 및 항복전압이나 트래핑의 충전 등이 좋음을 알 수 있었다. In this paper we fabricated and tested the 0.26㎛ NMOSFET with wet gate oxide and nitride oxide gate to compare that the characteristics of hot carrier effect, charge to breakdown, transistor Id_Vg curve, charge trapping, and SILC(Stress Induced Leakage Current) using the HP4145 device tester. As a result we find that the characteristics of nitride oxide gate device better than wet gate oxide device, especially hot carrier lifetime (nitride oxide gate device satisfied 30years, but the lifetime of wet gate oxide was only 0.1year), variation of Vg, charge to breakdown and charge trapping etc.

한국청소년효문화학회와 『청소년과 효문화』 지의 역사 및 게재 논문 유형

장재천 ( Chang Jae-cheon ) 한국청소년효문화학회(구 한국청소년문화학회) 2020 韓國의 靑少年文化 Vol.36 No.-

본고는 그 역사가 2020년이 되면서 어느 덧 20여년이 된 한국청소년효문화학회와 그 학회가 창간호부터 시작하여 34집까지 발간한 『청소년과 효문화』지를 분석해 학회의 나아가야 할 방향과 학회지에 게재되는 학술논문들의 새로운 방향을 제시하고자 착수하였다. 이는 20여년의 세월 동안 장족의 발전을 하였으나 아직도 등재후보지가 못되었기에 중간 점검 차원에서라도 한 번은 반드시 짚고 넘어가야 하는 일이었고, 또한 학회나 학술지가 4차 산업혁명시대라 할지라도 변함없이 계속 되어야 되기 때문에 매우 어렵더라도 누군가는 이 과제를 수행해야 하는 일이었다. 한국청소년효문화학회는 회장이 한국사상문화학회의 회장을 겸하고 있으므로 형제관계라고 할 수 있으며, 한국사상문화학회의 학술지로서 100집(2019년 말)을 낸 『한국사상과 문화』와 한국청소년문화학회의 학술지인 『청소년과 효문화』도 결국 같은 형제관계라고 할 수 있다. 한국청소년효문화학회는 본래 처음에는 국제청소년문화학회로 출발하여 한국청소년문화학회로, 그리고 다시 한국청소년효문화학회로 바뀌어왔으며, 학술지도 『한국의 청소년문화』로 출발해 『청소년과 효문화』로 바뀌어왔다. 한편 본고는 2001년 창간호부터 2019년 34집까지 게재된 총 296편의 논문을 분석해 그 경향과 연구자 빈도수를 분석한 결과, 효의 전통이나 사상을 다룬 논문이 80편, 효의 현대화 작업에 치중한 것이 34편, 효의 전통을 말하면서 현대화 문제를 말한 것이 34편, 그리고 주로 인성교육 문제를 다룬 것이 132편이었다. 게재자의 빈도수는 김익수와 장재천이 모두 30편씩으로 가장 많았다. 이제 한국청소년효문화학회는 가까운 시일 내에 한국연구재단의 등재후보지가 되지 못한다면 그 명맥을 유지하기가 쉽지 않으므로, 범위를 넓혀 『청소년과 인성교육』으로 리모델링해 인성교육 논문들이 많이 게재될 수 있도록 변화를 도모해야 할 것이다. The Korean Youth Hyo Culture Association originally started as an International Youth Culture Association, changed to the Korea Youth Culture Association, and then again to the Korea Youth Culture Association. Has been turned into. On the other hand, this paper analyzed a total of 296 papers published from the first issue of 2001 to 34 books in 2019, and analyzed the trends and the frequency of researchers. As a result, 80 papers dealing with the traditions and ideas of filial piety focused on modernizing filial piety. 34 were talking about the tradition of filial piety, 34 were talking about modernization, and 132 were mainly dealing with the issue of humanity education. The number of publishers was the most frequently (30 episodes) by Kim Ik Soo and Jang Jae Cheon. The Korean Youth Hyo Culture Society is not easy to maintain its consensus unless it becomes a candidate for the Korean Research Foundation in the near future. Therefore, contributors are not allowed to increase synergy by integrating with the Korean Society for History and Culture, or to focus on academic guidance. Is gradually decreasing, so it is necessary to widen the scope and change it to 『Youth and Humanity Education』 so that many personality education articles can be published.

노령의 대퇴 전자간 골절 치료에서 압박고 나사못의 안정성 및 유용성

김종오,노권재,윤여헌,고영도,유재두,정준모,방한천,정재학 대한골절학회 2003 대한골절학회지 Vol.16 No.2

목 적: 노령의 대퇴 전자간 골절에서 압박고 나사못의 안정성에 영향을 주는 인자들간의 상관 관계와 골절 양상에 따른 술후 고관절 기능을 평가 및 분석하였다. 대상 및 방법: 압박고 나사를 이용하여 수술적 치료를 시행한 231명의 환자 중 6개월 이상 추시가 가능하였던 60세 이상 84명의 환자들을 대상으로 했다. 방사선적 계측은 압박고 나사못의 활강 길이 및 내반각, 가압 나사 위치, 정복 상태, 원위 골편의 내측 전위를 측정하였으며 술후 기능은 Clawson의 기능 평가표로 하였고 골절 양상에 따라 방사선 계측과 기능 회복과의 상관 관계를 평가하였다. 결 과: 임상 결과는 불안정 골절에서 양호가 10례, 불량이 23례, 안정 골절에서는 양호 40례, 불량이 11례로 안정 골절에서 임상 결과가 좋았고(p<0.001), 압박고 나사 활강은 10 ㎜ 이상일 때 양호가 4례, 불량이 21례, 10 ㎜ 이하에서 양호가 46례, 불량이 13례로 10 ㎜ 이상 활강시에 술후 결과가 불량했다(p<0.001). 다르 방사선적 계측 요인은 결과에 의미있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 또한, 불안정 골절 중에서 전위 양상 골절의 경우 10㎜ 이상 활강이 12례, 10㎜ 이하 활강이 8례, 분쇄 양상 골절의 경우는 10㎜ 이상이 11례, 10㎜ 이하가 2례로 분쇄 양상의 불안정 골절에서 10㎜ 이상 활강이 의미있게 많았다 (p<0.001). 결 론: 10㎜ 이상의 지연 나사 활강은 고관절 기능 회복 약화를 유발시킬 수 있으며 불안정 골절 분쇄 양상 골절은 이런 지연 나사의 활강이 과도하게 유발될 수 있으므로 불안정 분쇄 양상 골절에서 압박고 나사의 단독 사용은 재고해 보아야 할 것이다. Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between fracture stability and functional results, and analyze the correlation between stability factors and the outcome in intertrochanteric fracture of the elderly. Materials and Methods: Of the 231 patients, 84 patients with age above 60 were able to follow up for minimum 6 months. We measured the sliding length of the lag screw, varus degree, position of lag screw, reduction status and medialization of distal fragment radiologically. The functional outcome of the treatment was evaluated with the Clawson's result classification and we evaluated the correlation between the radiological results of measurement and the functional recovery depending on the Evans fracture classification. Results: There were good results in 40 cases out of 51 stable fractures, and in 10 cases out of 33 unstable fractures (p<0.001). In case of sliding of lag screw more than 10㎜, good results were obtained in 4 cases, and poor in 21. And in case of sliding less than 10㎜, good results were obtained in 46, and poor in 13. (p<0.001).But there was no relationship between other radiologic factors and clinical results. In unstable type, there were 12 cases with lag screw sliding more than 10㎜ and 10 cases with less than 10㎜. In comminuted type, there were 11 cases with lag screw sliding more than 10㎜ and 2 cases with less than 10㎜(p<0.001). Conclusion: The sliding of lag screw more than 10㎜ may result in poor outcome. As in comminuted unstable pattern, sliding of lag screw might be excessive, the use of compression hip screw alone is not good treatment option.

한국인 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 아동에서 도파민 D4 수용체 유전자의 Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (VNTR) 다형성과 Methyphenidate 치료 반응간의 연관성

천근아,김붕년,조수철,김재원,황준원,신민섭,홍강의 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.6

Objectives : In the present study, we investigate the association between homozygosity of the 4-repeat allele (4/4) at the DRD4 and the response to the treatment with MPH in Korean children with ADHD. Methods : The present study included 71 children with ADHD (8.231.78 years) from two children's psychiatric clinics in South Korea. All drug-naive children with ADHD were treated with MPH for about 8 weeks. The subjects who showed improvement of over 50% compared with the baseline ARS score after 8 weeks of treatment were termed as the 'good response' group. The subjects who showed an improvement of less than 50% were considered as the 'poor response' group. After genotyping for DRD4 were performed, we investigated correlation between homozygosity for 4-repeat allele at DRD4 and the response to MPH treatment. Results : We found that while 79.5% (31/39) of the subjects with homozygosity of 4-repeat allele at DRD4 showed good response to MPH treatment, 68.8% (22/32) of the subjects without homozygosity of 4-repeat allele at DRD4 showed poor response to MPH treatment according to ARS scores assessed by their parents (χ²= 16.762, df= 1, p<0.01). We also found that while 61.5% (24/39) of the subjects with homozygosity of 4-repeat allele at DRD4 showed good response to MPH treatment, 87.5% (28/32) of the subjects without homozygosity of the 4-repeat allele at DRD4 showed poor response to MPH treatment according to ARS scores assessed by their teachers (χ²= 17.698, df= 1, P<0.01). Conclusion : Our findings support an association between the homozygosity of 4-repeat allele and a good response to MPH in ADHD of Koreans.

冷延鋼板에 대한 脫脂溶液의 洗滌效果에 관한 硏究

천재기,김영동 釜慶大學校 1997 釜慶大學校 論文集 Vol.2 No.2

Cold rolled steel sheets from the steel industry are always needed to have suitable mechanical properties for each use, as well as clean and pretty surface. COld rolled steel sheets are severely contaminated with impurities, such as rollibng oil, pressure oil and iron, through the cold rolling process. To eliminate these impurities, alkali cleaning and electrolytic cleaning are performed. In this study, optimum conditions on mixing ratio of alkali cleaning solution and cleaning operation were examined. As a result, it was found that the optimum concentration of 2Na₂O·SiO₂ as alkali salt was 3.0wt.% and over, and rotocal micelle concentration of EC-35 as surfactant was 0.1wt.% Also, it was found that optimum concentration of Na5P₃O10 as chelating agent was 0.1wt.%, As the temperature of cleaning solution increases, the cleanng efficiency was increased. However, equilibrium was reached at the temperature of 80℃.

酸化마그네슘에 의한 燐酸이온의 吸着特性에 關한 硏究

천재기,이희동 釜慶大學校 1997 釜慶大學校 論文集 Vol.2 No.2

One of the rising problems in the field of water environmental is the eutrophic phenomenon which appears in the closed water basin. This study is for the removal by adsorption of orthophosphate which is indispensible nutritive element for eutro-phication. Magnesium oxide and magnesium oxide-activated carbom complex have been made and used as adsorbents. They have showed excellent adsorptivity for orthophosphate. The main purpose of this study is to obtain the optimum preparation comditions of adsorbents, the optimum operational conditions and basic data for the design of adsorption process for fixed bed adsorption in the case of adsrptive removal of orthophophate by the two adsorbents mentioned above.

한국인 알코올 의존 자녀들과 도파민 D2, D4 수용체, GABAΑ 수용체 β Subunit 및 세로토닌 운반체 유전자 다형성 사이의 연관성에 대한 예비적 연구

천근아,김재원,전진용,이준영,남궁기 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.1

Objectives : The studies on the genetic risk factors of the children of alcoholics (COAs) are still in an early stage. The A 1 allele of the dopamine receptor 2 gene (DRD2) may be associated with the negative affect and positive alcohol expectancy of the COAs. In addition, several researchers reported that COAs might be associated with the GABA_(A) receptor β subunit gene (GABRB3) and serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR). In this study, we investigated the association of polymorphism of the DRD2, Dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4), GABRB3, 5-HTTLPR with COAs to examine the genetic risk factors of COAs. Methods : Twenty-two COAs and 23 control children (children of non-Alcoholics ; Non-COAs) were included for the genetic study. All COAs aged 6 to 18 were recruited and selected from families of alcoholic patients in alcohol clinics of three university and mental hospital. Alcoholism of parents was classified as type I (non-antisocial, late onset) and type II (antisocial, early onset) by Cloninger's classification. The genotyping of the DRD2, DRD4, GABRB3, 5-HTTLPR was carried out. Chi-square method was used for evaluating the associations between genetic polymorphism and the COAs Results : The frequency of A1 + allele of DRD2 in COAs were significantly higher than Non-COAs (χ²=4.45, df= 1, p=0.035). Significant association between the genotype of DRD4 and COAs was found (χ²=8.32, df= 1, p=0.004). Gl- alleles of GABRB3 in COAs were significantly higher than in Non-COAs (χ²=6.622, df= 1, p=0.022). We found no association of the polymorphic alleles of 5-HTTLPR with the COAs (χ²=0.021, df= 1, p=0.884). There were significant associations between the type of parental alcoholism and depression of COAs. Conclusion : We found that the children of alcoholics had significantly increased genetic risk of alcohol drinking expectancy. This study provides some preliminary information on the risk and protective factors associated with the COAs, which can be usedas a foundation for prevention and intervention of future psychopathology.

흰쥐 호흡기도내에서 혈소판활성인자에 의한 모세혈관 투과성의 증가시 Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor의 효과

김천규,전시영,김진평,김현성,강재용,황의기 대한이비인후과학회 2000 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.43 No.2

파라-클로로페놀이 흡착된 활성탄의 초임계 이산화탄소를 이용한 탈착 특성

천재기,강영모 釜慶大學校 1999 釜慶大學校 論文集 Vol.4 No.1

Desorption characteristics of p-chlorophenol from activated carbon with supercritical carbon dioxide was studied experimentally. Experiments were carried out at pressure of 8 MPa ~ 16 MPa and temperature of 35℃~55℃. The main purpose of this study is to obtain the desorption rate of p-chlorophenol from activated carbon with supercritical carbon dioxide as a function of temperature, pressure, adsorption explosure time, flow of supercritical carbon dioxide and p-chlorophenol loading. In this study, at constant temperature, higher pressure is favorable to desorb p-chlorophenol from activated carbon having the same adsorptiong history such as adsorption explosure time and p-chlorophenol loading. At constant pressure, higher temperature at 16 MPa and lower temperature at 8 MPa were favored. showing that solubilities of p-chlorophenol in supercritical carbon dioxide play an important role in desorbing p-chlorophenol. There exists same irreversible p-chlorophenol adsorbed in activated carbon that cannot be desorbed with supercritical carbon dioxide under constant adsorption p-chlorophenol and its quantity increased as the adsorption explosure time was longer. In the case of flow rate effect of supercritical carbon dioxide, the experimental results showed that the desorption rate increased with an decrease in flow rate of supercritical carbon dioxide.