Genetic correlations between behavioural responses and performance traits in laying hens

Iwona Rozempolska-Rucinska,Grzegorz Zieba,Lucyna Kibala,Tomasz Prochniak,Marek Lukaszewicz 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.12

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate genetic correlations between the behavioural profile and performance in laying hens as an indirect answer to the question whether the observed behavioural responses are associated with increased levels of stress in these birds. Methods: The assessment of birds’ temperament was carried out using the novel objects test. The behavioural test was conducted in two successive generations comprising 9,483 Rhode Island White (RIW) birds (approx. 4,700 individuals per generation) and 4,326 Rhode Island Red (RIR) birds (approx. 2,100 individuals per generation). Based on the recorded responses, the birds were divided into two groups: a fearful profile (1,418 RIW hens and 580 RIR hens) and a brave/curious profile (8,065 RIW hens and 3,746 RIR hens). The birds were subjected to standard assessment of their performance traits, including SM, age at sexual maturity; ST, shell thickness; SG, egg specific gravity; EW, mean egg weight; IP, initial egg production; and HC, number of hatched chicks. The pedigree was three generations deep (including two behaviour-recorded generations). Estimation of the (co)variance components was performed with the Gibbs sampling method, which accounts for the discrete character of the behavioural profile denotation. Results: The analyses revealed negative correlations between the performance traits of the laying hens and the behavioural profile defined as fearful. In the group of fearful RIW birds, delayed sexual maturation (0.22) as well as a decrease in the initial egg production (–0.30), egg weight (–0.54), egg specific gravity (–0.331), shell thickness (–0.11), and the number of hatched chicks (–0.24) could be expected. These correlations were less pronounced in the RIR breed, in which the fearful birds exhibited a decline in hatchability (–0.37), egg specific gravity (–0.11), and the number of hatched chicks (–0.18). There were no correlations in the case of the other traits or they were positive but exhibited a substantial standard error, as for the egg weight. Conclusion: To sum up the results obtained, it can be noted that behavioural responses indicating fearfulness, i.e. escape, avoidance, and approach-avoidance may reflect negative emotions experienced by birds. The negative correlations with performance in the group of fearful hens may indirectly indicate a high level of stress in these birds, especially in the white-feathered birds, where stronger performance-fearfulness correlations were found. Fearful birds should be eliminated from breeding by inclusion of the behavioural profile in the selection criterion in the case of laying hens.

Release of Free Ferulic Acid and Changes in Antioxidant Properties during the Wheat and Rye Bread Making Process

Iwona Konopka,Małgorzata Tańska,Alicja Faron,Sylwester Czaplicki 한국식품과학회 2014 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.23 No.3

Changes in the free ferulic acid (FFA) contentsand antioxidant properties during bread making processeswere determined. Experimental breads were produced fromwhole meal and white wheat and rye flours, and fermentedusing either baker’s yeast or sourdough starter. Sourdoughfermented bread contained the highest content of FFA. Release of occurred mainly during dough fermentation. Afurther increase in the ferulic acid content in the breadcrumb and a decrease in the crust was observed. Totalantioxidant properties of sourdough bread, defined as thesum of lipophilic and hydrophilic compound activities,were significantly (p<0.05) higher than for yeast bread. Sourdough bread contained more methanol soluble phenoliccompounds, proteins, tocochromanols, and oxidized productsof fatty acids than yeast bread. The equilibrium betweenthe anti- and pro-oxidative compound contents resulted insimilar antioxidant properties for bread using both types offermentation, and to results observed for the flour used forbaking.

La modernidad líquida en las novelas de Rosa Montero

Iwona Ignasiak-Skurowska 한국스페인어문학회 2010 스페인어문학 Vol.0 No.57

La noción de la modernidad líquida -como una figura de fluidez y falta de valores innegables que permitieran enraizarse- puede ser considerada una prueba filosófica de sistematizar las elecciones identidarias del siglo XXI. Por lo tanto, el análisis se acerca a la questión de la identidad de los personajes de Montero y sus modelos de vida (peregrino, paseante, vagabundo, turista, jugador) que adoptan,aceptando o rechazando los factores tales como: desvinculación o desterritorialización cruciales a la hora de autodefinirse. El artículo abarca no solo la dimensión individual de estas elecciones sino también el contexto político-social de España.

La modernidad Liquida en Las novelas de Rosa Montero

( Iwona Ignasiak Skurowska ) 한국스페인어문학회 2010 스페인어문학 Vol.0 No.57

La nocion de la modernidad liquida -como una figura de fluidez y falta de valores innegables que permitieran enraizarse- puede ser considerada una prueba filosofica de sistematizar las elecciones identidarias del siglo XXI. Por lo tanto, el analisis se acerca a la question de la identidad de los personajes de Montero y sus modelos de vida (peregrino, paseante, vagabundo, turista, jugador) que adoptan, aceptando o rechazando los factores tales como: desvinculacion o desterritorializacion cruciales a la hora de autodefinirse. El articulo abarca no solo la dimension individual de estas elecciones sino tambien el contexto politico-social de Espana.

Consumer Protection Mechanisms in the Polish Market of Unit-linked Insurance Products

Iwona Dorota Czechowska,Joanna Stępińska 국제금융소비자학회 2023 The International Review of Financial Consumers(IR Vol.8 No.1

The insurance market in Poland is developing dynamically. Insurance companies offer customers various products, including a unit-linked insurance plan/product (ULIP), which combines protection and investment functions. Customers' insurance premiums are invested in these funds, and their assets are divided into units. There are risks for consumers in the ULIP market: a need for financial literacy (regarding products and choosing the right product for the financial situation and knowledge of the risk) and market imperfections (product design, sales practices, investment practices). Given the above rationales for tighter regulation, the regulations for these products have been amended with the objective of increasing consumer protection. The paper presents a descriptive analysis of the market and a comprehensive discussion of the regulatory changes in consumer protection for unit-linked insurance products in Poland in 2014-2021. The study consists of two parts. The first part presents the characteristics of unit-linked insurance products and their popularity in the European and Polish markets. The second part describes regulatory changes in the Polish market regarding protecting consumers purchasing ULIP products. The last part of the article concludes the conducted study.

EGFR/FOXO3a/BIM signaling pathway determines chemosensitivity of BMP4-differentiated glioma stem cells to temozolomide

Ciechomska Iwona Anna,Gielniewski Bartlomiej,Wojtas Bartosz,Kaminska Bozena,Mieczkowski Jakub 생화학분자생물학회 2020 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.52 No.-

Accumulating evidence suggests that glioma stem cells (GSCs), which are rare cells characterized by pluripotency and self-renewal ability, are responsible for glioblastoma (GBM) propagation, recurrence and resistance to therapies. Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) induce GSC differentiation, which leads to elimination of GSCs and sensitization of glioma to chemotherapeutics. Alterations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene are detected in more than half of GBMs; however, the role of EGFR in the chemoresistance of GSCs remains unknown. Here, we examined whether EGFR signaling affects BMP4-induced differentiation of GSCs and their response to the alkylating drug temozolomide (TMZ). We show that BMP4 triggers the SMAD signaling cascade in GSCs independent of the EGFR level. BMP4 downregulated the levels of pluripotency markers (SOX2 and OLIG2) with a concomitant induction of an astrocytic marker (GFAP) and a neuronal marker (β-Tubulin III). However, GSCs with different EGFR levels responded differently to treatments. BMP4-induced differentiation did not enhance sensitivity to TMZ in EGFRlow GSCs, in contrast to EGFRhigh GSCs, which underwent apoptosis. We then identified differences in cell cycle regulation. In EGFRlow cells, BMP4-triggered G1 cell cycle arrest which was not detected in EGFRhigh cells. RNA-seq profiles further highlighted transcriptomic alterations and distinct processes characterizing EGFR-dependent responses in the course of BMP4-induced differentiation. We found that the control of BIM (the pro-apoptotic BCL-2 family protein) by the AKT/FOXO3a axis only operated in BMP4-differentiated EGFRhigh cells upon TMZ treatment.

Seasonal and Spatial Diversity of Picocyanobacteria Community in the Great Mazurian Lakes Derived from DGGE Analyses of 16S rDNA and cpcBA-IGS Markers

( Jasser Iwona ),( Adriana Krolicka ),( Katarzyna Jakubiec ),( Ryszard J Chrost ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.6

The seasonal and spatial diversity of picocyanobacteria (Pcy) in lakes of the Great Mazurian Lakes (GLM) system was examined by DGGE analysis of molecular markers derived from the 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the ribosomal operon and the phycocyanin operon (cpcBA-IGS). The study of nine lakes, ranging from mesotrophy to hypereutrophy, demonstrated seasonal variance of Pcy. The richness and Shannon diversity index calculated on the basis of both markers were higher in spring and lower in early and late summer. No statistically significant relationships were found between the markers and trophic status of the studied lakes or Pcy abundance. There were, however, statistically significant relationships between the diversity indices and sampling time. The analysis pointed to a different distribution of the two markers. The ITS marker exhibited more unique sequences in time and space, whereas a greater role for common and ubiquitous sequences was indicated by the cpcBA-IGS data. Examination of the Pcy community structure demonstrated that communities were grouped in highly similar clusters according to sampling season/time rather than to the trophic status of the lake. Our results suggest that time is more important than trophic status in shaping the diversity and structure of Pcy communities. The seasonal changes in picocyanobacteria and differences in diversity and community structures are discussed in the context of well-established ecological hypotheses: the PEG model, intermediate disturbance hypothesis (IDH), and horizontal gene transfer (HGT).

Seasonal and Spatial Diversity of Picocyanobacteria Community in the Great Mazurian Lakes Derived from DGGE Analyses of 16S Rdna and cpcBA-IGS Markers

( Jasser,Iwona ),( Adriana Krolicka ),( Katarzyna Jakubiec ),( Ryszard J Chrost ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.8

Genetic Variability of Show Jumping Attributes in Young Horses Commencing Competing

Tomasz Prochniak,Iwona Rozempolska-Rucinska,Grzegorz Zieba,Marek Lukaszewicz 아세아·태평양축산학회 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.8

The aim of the study was to select traits that may constitute a prospective criterion for breeding value prediction of young horses. The results of 1,232 starts of 894 four-, five-, six-, and seven-year-old horses, obtained during jumping championships for young horses which had not been evaluated in, alternative to championships, training centres were analyed. Nine traits were chosen of those recorded: ranking in the championship, elimination (y/n), conformation, rating of style on day one, two, and three, and penalty points on day one, two, and three of a championship. (Co)variance components were estimated via the Gibbs sampling procedure and adequate (co)variance component ratios were calculated. Statistical classifications were trait dependent but all fitted random additive genetic and permanent environment effects. It was found that such characteristics as penalty points and jumping style are potential indicators of jumping ability, and the genetic variability of the traits was within the range of 14% to 27%. Given the low genetic correlations between the conformation and other results achieved on the parkour, the relevance of assessment of conformation in four-years-old horses has been questioned.

GaSb layers with low defect density deposited on (001) GaAs substrate in two-dimensional growth mode using molecular beam epitaxy

Agata Jasik,Iwona Sankowska,Andrzej Wawro,Jacek Ratajczak,Dariusz Smoczyński,Krzysztof Czuba 한국물리학회 2019 Current Applied Physics Vol.19 No.4

We report on the growth of fully relaxed and smooth GaSb layers with reduced density of threading dislocations, deposited on GaAs substrate. We prove that three parameters have to be controlled in order to obtain applicable GaSb buffers with atomically smooth surface: interfacial misfit (IMF), the etch pit density (EPD) and the growth mode. The GaSb/GaAs interfacial misfit array and reduced EPD ≤1.0×107 cm−2 were easily obtained using Asflux reduction for 3 min and Sb-soaking surface for 10 s before the GaSb growth initiation. The successive growth of GaSb layer proceeded under the technological conditions described by the wide range of the following parameters: rG ∈ (1.5 ÷ 1.9) Å/s, TG ∈ (400 ÷ 520)°C, V/III ∈ (2.3 ÷ 3.5). Unfortunately, a spiral or 3D growth modes were observed for this material resulting in the surface roughness of 1.1 ÷ 3.0 nm. Two-dimensional growth mode (layer by layer) can only be achieved under the strictly defined conditions. In our case, the best quality 1-μm-thick GaSb buffer layer with atomically smooth surface was obtained for the following set of parameters: rG=1.5 Å/s, TG=530 °C, V/III=2.9. The layer was characterized by the strain relaxation over 99.6%, 90° dislocations array with the average distance of 5.56 nm, EPD ∼8.0×106 cm−2 and 2D undulated terraces on the surface with roughness of about 1 ML. No mounds were observed. We belive that only thin and smooth GaSb layer with reduced EPD may be applied as the buffer layer in complex device heterostructures. Otherwise, it may cause the device parameters deterioration.