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일부 농어촌 지역 대학생의 스마트폰 중독과 우울에 관한 조사
정인수 ( Jung¸ In-su ) 한국도서(섬)학회 2021 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.33 No.2
본 연구는 스마트폰 사용률이 급속히 증가함에 따라 스마트폰 보유율이 높은 대학생을 대상으로 스마트폰 중독과 우울에 대한 문제점을 예방하기 위한 연구에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 일부 농어촌 지역에 소재한 대학교의 재학생을 대상으로 2019년 5월부터 6월까지 스마트폰 중독과 우울에 대한 자기기입식 설문조사를 실시하였고, 설문작성이 미완성되거나 응답이 불분명한 자료를 제외한 928부의 설문지를 분석하였다. 설문 문항은 일반적 특성, 스마트폰 중독, 우울로 구성하였다. 측정 도구의 타당도를 알아보기 위해 상관행렬을 이용, 주축인자법을 이용한 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하였고, 측정 도구의 신뢰도를 알아보기 위하여 Cronbach’s α 방법을 이용하여 검정하였다. 스마트폰 중독은 2개의 다차원적 하위개념으로 요인 1은 일상생활 장애, 요인 2는 병적몰입으로 전체 스마트폰 중독의 58.302%를 설명하고 있으며, 우울은 2개의 다차원적 하위개념으로 요인 1은 부정적 생각, 요인 2는 초조함으로 전체 우울의 67.016%를 설명하는 것으로 나타났다. 스마트폰 중독, 우울에 대한 신뢰도는 Cronbach’s α=.891~943, Cronbach’s α=.911~960로 나타났다. 성별분포는 남자가 다소 많았고, 학년별로는 1학년이 가장 많았으며, 학교생활 만족도는 보통이 가장 많았다. 스마트폰 중독에서 성별은 일상생활 장애, 병적몰입, 전체 스마트폰 중독에서 남자가 여자보다 높았다. 학교생활 만족도에서 일상생활 장애는 매우 불만족이 만족과 매우 만족보다 높았고, 불만족이 매우 만족보다 높았다. 병적몰입은 불만족과 매우 불만족이 매우 만족보다 높았고, 전체 스마트폰 중독에서는 불만족, 매우 불만족, 보통이 매우 만족보다 높았다. 전공계열에서 일상생활 장애, 병적몰입, 전체 스마트폰 중독에서 예체능대학과 공과대학이 생명응용과학대학보다 높았다. 우울에서 학년은 초조함에서 유의한 차이가 나타났고, 4학년이 3학년보다 높았다. 학교생활 만족도는 부정적 생각, 전체 우울에서 매우 불만족이 불만족보다 높았고, 불만족은 보통, 만족, 매우 만족보다 높았다. 초조함은 매우 불만족이 불만족, 보통, 만족, 매우 만족보다 높았고, 불만족이 매우 만족보다 높았다. 스마트폰 중독의 하위요인이 우울에 미치는 요인에서 병적몰입이 낮을수록, 우울이 높았다. 이상의 결과 스마트폰 중독을 예방하기 위해서는 대학생의 우울한 기분을 줄이는 것과 행복감을 늘이는 개입이 필요하고, 자존감을 증진하려는 노력이 필요하며, 대학생이 행복감을 가지고 미래에 희망을 가질 수 있도록 대안 마련이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to provide the basic data necessary for research aimed at preventing the issues of smartphone addiction and depression in college students, who are very likely to have a smartphone, as the rate of using smartphones is on the rapid increase. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on smartphone addiction and depression by using a self-administered questionnaire in college students in rural communities from May to June 2019; then, 928 copies were analyzed, with the exception of incomplete ones and those with uncertain or ambiguous answers. The questionnaire covered the general characteristics of both smartphone addiction and depression. Exploratory factor analysis using correlation matrix and principal factor analysis was performed to validate the instrument and Cronbach’s α was estimated to determine its reliability. Smartphone addiction is found to account for 58.302% of all smartphone addiction with two multi-dimensional subconcepts, factor 1 for daily life disorders and factor 2 for 67.016% for all depression with two multi-dimensional subconcepts and anxiety. Confidence in smartphone addiction and depression is Cronbach’s α=.891~943, Cronbach’s α=.911~960. The gender distribution was somewhat male, the first grade was the most common by grade and the satisfaction level of school life was the most common. As for smartphone addiction, men were more likely to have daily living disorders, abnormal flow, and overall smartphone addiction than women. The respondents highly dissatisfied with school life were more likely to have daily living disorders than those satisfied or highly satisfied with school life; the respondents dissatisfied with school life were more likely to have daily living disorders than those highly satisfied with school life. The respondents dissatisfied or highly dissatisfied with school life were more likely to show abnormal flow than those highly satisfied with school life; the respondents dissatisfied or highly dissatisfied with school life or at the average level of school life satisfaction were more likely to have overall smartphone addiction than those highly satisfied with school life. In terms of major, colleges of physical education and art and engineering were more likely to show daily living disorders, abnormal flow, and overall smartphone addiction than those of applied life sciences. In terms of depression, impatience differed significantly by school year: seniors were more impatient than juniors. The respondents highly dissatisfied with school life were more likely to have negative thinking and overall depression than those dissatisfied with school life; the respondents dissatisfied with school life were more likely to do so than those satisfied or highly satisfied with school life or at the average level of school life satisfaction. The respondents highly dissatisfied with school life were more likely to be impatient than those dissatisfied, satisfied, or highly satisfied with school life or at the average level of school life satisfaction; the respondents dissatisfied with school life were more likely to be impatient than those highly satisfied with school life. As for the effects of the sub-factors for smartphone addiction on depression, the lower the level of abnormal flow, the more depressed the respondent. On the basis of these results, it is necessary to make concerted interventions to relieve the depressed mood and increase happiness among college students, make efforts to promote their self-esteem, and develop based plans for them to feel happy and possess hope for the future with the objective of preventing smartphone addiction.
장인수 ( Jang¸ In-su ) 한민족문화학회 2020 한민족문화연구 Vol.70 No.-
『한하운 시초』(1949/1953)에는 실향민이자 한센병자인 한하운의 페이소스가 강하게 배어 있다. 그의 고향 상실은 그를 무조건 승인해주는 어머니적인 존재의 상실을 수반한다. 그에게 ‘자연’과 ‘여성’은 적대적이기만 하다. 그 소외감으로 인해 그의 시는 신체 탈락의 그로테스크한 이미지와 자조적인 어조를 갖게 된다. 그는 자신의 존재 자체를 죄악시하는 세상에 대해 결백을 호소하고 벌의 부당성을 절규한다. 이러한 주제의식은 김소월 등 선배 시인에게는 없던 것이다. ‘한하운 시집 사건’은 그에게 전화위복이 되어, 그는 박거영의 인간사에서 『보리피리』(1955) 등 여러 권의 저서를 출판하여 상업적으로 성공한다. 『보리피리』에서 그는 자신을 승인해주는 대타자로서의 ‘여성’, ‘자연’과 화해한다. 그리고 ‘자연’은 ‘국토’로 환유적인 활강을 한다. 그는 이 순수문학론적인 방법의 학습을 통해 ‘국가’의 승인을 구한다. 그러나 이 학습된 자연관은 그의 가치관과 마찰을 빚는다. 그의 휴머니즘은 한센병자를 인간으로서 승인하는 것을 의미한다. 그는 자신의 불행을 날것으로 절규하는 대신 그것을 보편적인 인간의 차원에서 다룰 수 있게 된다. 인기 작가가 된 그는 사회적인 실천에 치중한다. 이후 그는 ‘공론’이라는 수필 동인에서 적극적인 역할을 하는 등 점차 시에서 멀어진다. The Selection of Han Ha-wun's Poems(1949/1953) is strongly imbued with the pathos of Han Ha-wun, a displaced and Hansen's patient. The loss of his hometown meant the loss of the maternal other. Even though he is a patient of Hansen's disease, he wanted to be someone who would love him unconditionally. But the nature and the girl were hostile to him in his first selection. His poems had a grotesque image of physical elimination and a self-helpful tone. He would accept it as a guilty for his actions, but he could not agree that its existence itself was a guilty. He rejected the guilty of existence. His untidy voice made him a true poet. He became famous for the case of Han Ha-wun's anthology and published several selections with the help of a vigorous publisher, Park Geo-young. The Oaten Pipe(1955) became a bestseller. In this selection, he reconciled with the nature and the girl as the other who acknowledge himself. Nature slide into a nation through a metonymical expansion in this selection. He wanted to be more certainly recognized by the state through accepting the literature discourse of the purism. But it was different from what he really thought. He argued that from a humanistic point of view, Hansen's patient was also human. He was increasingly distanced himself from poetry and focused on social practice.
농산어촌 소규모학교 통폐합 정책의 패러독스 : Stone의 ‘효율성’ 개념을 중심으로
이인수 ( Lee¸ In-su ) 안암교육학회 2021 한국교육학연구 Vol.27 No.3
본 연구는 농산어촌 소규모학교 통폐합 정책에서 나타난 정책 패러독스 현상을 Stone(2012)이 정책목표 중 하나로 제시한 ‘효율성(efficiency)’ 개념을 중심으로 농산어촌 소규모학교 통폐합 정책 패러독스 양상과 그 원인을 분석하였다. 농산어촌 소규모학교 통폐합 정책을 둘러싼 효율성 패러독스 현상을 밝히기 위해 시장모형과 폴리스모형의 특징을 비교하고, 정책 패러독스의 양상과 원인을 선행연구를 통해 고찰하였다. 그 결과 농산어촌 소규모학교 통폐합 정책변동 과정에서 1) 정책의 목표인 효율성과 국가 균형발전 정책의 목표인 형평성(평등) 간의 충돌로 인한 패러독스, 2) 효율성 개념을 두고 경제적 비용과 편익에 대한 해석 충돌로 인한 패러독스, 3) 정책의 효율성 기준인 ‘적정규모’기준 설정 관련 해석 충돌로 인한 패러독스 현상이 나타났다. 이러한 분석 결과를 바탕으로 농산어촌의 소규모학교 통폐합 정책에 대해 1) 효율성과 형평성 간 거래적 관점에서 논리적으로 접근, 2) 효율성 목표를 둘러싼 이해 당사자 간 하위 요소 해석의 모호성을 적극 활용, 3) 적정규모 해석의 패러독스에서 정치적 과정을 통한 유연한 전환 모색이 필요함을 제언하였다. This study analyzed the pattern and cause of the policy paradox of consolidation of small schools in agricultural and fishing villages, focusing on the concept of “efficiency” that Stone (2012) suggested as one of the policy goals. In order to reveal the efficiency paradox phenomenon surrounding the policy of consolidation and abolition of small schools in agricultural and fishing villages, the characteristics of the market model and the police model were compared, and the pattern and cause of the policy paradox were examined through previous studies. As a result, in the process of changing policies for consolidation and abolition of small schools in agricultural and fishing villages, 1) Paradox due to conflict between efficiency and equity (equality), the goal of national balanced development policy. 2) Paradox phenomenon occurred due to a conflict of interpretation of economic costs and benefits over the concept of efficiency, and 3) Paradox phenomenon due to a conflict of interpretation related to setting the ‘appropriate size’ standard for policy efficiency. Based on these analysis results, it was suggested that 1) a logical approach to the policy of consolidation of small schools in agricultural and fishing villages from a transactional perspective between efficiency and equity, 2) the ambiguity of sub-factor interpretation between stakeholders. 3) a flexible transition search through a political process is necessary in the ambiguity of interpretation of the appropriate scale.
어둠 속의 목소리, 김석범 소설의 방법론으로서 발화 충동 - <관덕정>과 <유방 없는 여자>를 중심으로-
장인수 ( Jang¸ In-su ) 반교어문학회 2020 泮橋語文硏究 Vol.0 No.56
김석범 소설 <관덕정>(1962)과 <유방 없는 여자>(1981)는 그 형식상의 커다란 차이에도, 어떤 ‘목소리’에서 추동된 작품이라는 공통점이 있다. 그 목소리는 어둠 속에 떠도는 것으로서 이미 발화 주체를 특정할 수 없다. 이 논문은 그 ‘목소리’가 제주 4·3 사건과 그 역사적 반복으로서 광주 5·18 민주화운동을 말하고자 하는 충동에서 온 것임을 밝히고자 한다. <관덕정>의 허물 영감은 경찰에 포섭되어 살해된 빨치산의 모가지를 들고 그 친족을 확인하며 돌아다닌다. 그러던 어느 날 밤 서푼이가 그를 찾아와 어떤 모가지를 자신에게 팔라고 부탁한다. 그녀는 실체라기보다 유령적인 목소리로서 등장한다. 관덕정 앞 강제 구경의 장면에서 그녀는 공적인 장에 출현하여 빨치산의 모가지를 오빠로 확인하는 순간 살해된다. 그녀는 안티고네처럼 국가에 맞서 인륜을 주장하다가 죽임당한 것이다. 처음에 허물 영감은 국가의 법을 어기면서까지 그녀의 부탁을 들어줄 수 없다고 생각한다. 그러나 그는 G리에서 친족까지 조작하면서 행해지는 선거 운동의 양상을 본 데다, 강제 구경의 현장에서 서푼이가 살해되자 국가의 정통성에 의문을 품는다. 그는 서푼이와 신원미상의 모가지를 장사지냄으로써 국가의 상징 질서와 대립하고 이야기 속 인물로 승격된다. 그를 행동하게 한 것은 발화 주체를 특정할 수 없는 목소리였다. <유방 없는 여자>의 내레이터는 1980년 광주에서 벌어진 참상을 사건의 현장에 있지 않았음에도 사실로 확신한다. 이 확신은 어떤 근거에 입각한 것이 아니다. 내레이터는 제주 4·3 사건 때도 그랬으니 광주에서도 참혹한 일이 있었으리라고 본 것이다. 그는 제주에서 밀항해온 사람들에게 4·3의 참상을 전해 듣는다. 그는 그 참혹한 사연이 담담한 목소리로 전해지는 것에 인지 부조화를 느낀다. 그 담담함은 4·3을 경험한 사람들이 참상을 남의 이야기하듯이 신체에서 분리하지 않고서는 말할 수 없었다는 데서 기인한다. 쓰시마 농가의 어둠 속에서 그는 밀항해온 두 여인의 목소리를 통해 트랜스 상태에서 4·3의 제주에 있는 듯한 착각에 빠진다. 그 목소리는 발화 주체의 신체에서 분리되어 어둠 속을 떠돌면서 그가 4·3을 말하도록 부단히 충동질한다. "Kwandeokjeong"[觀德亭](1962) and "Woman without breast"(1981), two fictions written by Kim Seok-beom were inspired by any voice. The voice is already unknown to the subject of pronouncing, and it floats without its master in the dark. The purpose of this paper is to reveal that the voice came from the impulse to talk about the Jeju 4.3 incident and its historical repetition, the Gwangju 5·18 Democratization Movement. Old man Deng-bo[허물영감] of "Kwandeokjeong" is recruited by the police. He takes on the task of wandering around while searching for the relative with the cut-off head of a partisan. One night, A woman called Seo-pun visits him and asks him to steal the cut-off head. At the scene, she appears in a ghostly voice rather than in substance. She appears in a public place of Kwandeokjeong and is shot as soon as she confirms that the cut-off head of a partisan is her brother. She resembles Antigone, who claims that natural laws are more important than national laws and then dies. At first, old man Deng-bo thought he couldn't do her a favor, even breaking the laws of the state. But he becomes suspicious of the legitimacy of the nation when he sees a landed proprietor trying to win parliamentary elections even by manipulating relatives. Moreover, he couldn't help but watch Seo-pun be killed because she failed to betray her humanity. He is at odds with the nation's symbolic order by burying the penniless victim. The voice of the speaker who already did not exist made him act. A narrator of "Woman without breast" concludes that the massacre in Gwangju is true even though there is no evidence. This is because the same thing happened during the Jeju 4.3 Incident. He hears about the tragedy of the 4.3 incident from people who smuggled themselves from Jeju Island. He wonders if they are calmly telling a terrible story. The demeanor was caused by the desire to separate the cruel from one's own body. In the darkness of the Tsushima[對馬島] farmhouse, he experiences a transition experience through the voices of the two women who have been smuggled. Through the calm voices of the two women, he feels like he is at the scene of the 4.3 incident. The voice, too, is separate from the speaker, which is the writer's own inner urge to talk about the 4.3 Incident.
Higher Order Eigenfields in Mode Ⅱ Cracks Under Elastic-Plastic Deformation
Insu Jeon,Yongwoo Lee,Seyoung Im 대한기계학회 2003 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.17 No.2
The explicit formulation of the J-integral and the M-integral is constructed in terms of the stress intensity factor and the higher order stress coefficients for Mode II cracks under small or large scale yielding. Furthermore, the stress intensity factor and the higher order stress coefficients as well are computed with the aid of the two-state J-and the M-integral, which is found to be accurate and efficient. It is found that the contribution from the higher order singularities to the J-integral is closely related to the configuration of the plastic zone.<br/>
Exploration of Optimal Product Innovation Strategy Using Decision Tree Analysis
Insu Cho 과학기술정책연구원 2017 STI Policy Review Vol.8 No.2
Recently, global competition in the manufacturing sector is driving firms in the manufacturing sector to conduct product innovation projects to maintain their competitive edge. The key points of product innovation projects are 1) what the purpose of the project is and 2) what expected results in the target market can be achieved by implementing the innovation. Therefore, this study focuses on the performance of innovation projects with a business viewpoint. In this respect, this study proposes the “achievement rate” of product innovation projects as a measurement of project performance. Then, this study finds the best strategies from various innovation activities to optimize the achievement rate of product innovation projects. There are three major innovation activities for the projects, including three types of R&D activities: Internal, joint and external R&D, and five types of non-R&D activities ─ acquisition of machines, equipment and software, purchasing external knowledge, job education and training, market research and design. This study applies decision tree modeling, a kind of data-mining methodology, to explore effective innovation activities. This study employs the data from the ‘Korean Innovation Survey (KIS) 2014: Manufacturing Sector.’ The KIS 2014 gathered information about innovation activities in the manufacturing sector over three years (2011-2013). This study gives some practical implication for managing the activities. First, innovation activities that increased the achievement rate of product diversification projects included a combination of market research, new product design, and job training. Second, our results show that a combination of internal R&D, job training and training, and market research increases the project achievement most for the replacement of outdated products. Third, new market creation or extension of market share indicates that launching replacement products and continuously upgrading products are most important.
The biomechanical effect of the collar of a femoral stem on total hip arthroplasty
Insu Jeon(전인수),Ji-Yong Bae(배지용),Jin-Hong Park(박진홍),Taek-Rim Yoon(윤택림) 대한기계학회 2009 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2009 No.11
To investigate the biomechanical effect of collars, finite element analyses are carried out through two hip joints that are implanted using collared and collarless stems, respectively, and an intact hip joint model. For the analyses, biological materials, such as, the sacrum, coxal bone, and the cancellous and cortical bones of a femur, are reconstructed based on X-ray CT images taken from a 27-year-old woman. The geometric solid models are fabricated using the reconstructed models. For the solid models of hip joint prostheses, CAD data of the PerFix collarless and collared prostheses of Japan Medical Materials Co., Ltd. are used. The finite element models are constructed on the solid models and then, the computations are carried out considering an applied load of 1647.5N, which is three times of the woman’s weight. From the results, it is found that a collar with perfect calcar contact prevents stem subsidence and decreases the proximal lateral gap and the lateral tilting of the stem. Therefore, it can impart reasonable biomechanical stability for THA. However, its low load transmission ability and increased stem tilting effect due to the imperfect contact between the collar and the calcar are found to be serious problems that need to be solved. Results of clinical follow-up are presented for supporting the computational results.
( Insu Kwon ) 한국운동영양학회 2020 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.24 No.1
[Purpose] Recent studies have demonstrated a probable association between ACE I/D polymorphism and obesity. Thus, this study aimed to investigate whether ACE I/D polymorphism influenced the susceptibly of developing obesity in Korean adults. [Methods] A total of 353 healthy Korean adults aged between 30 and 82 years were recruited, including 157 males and 196 females. Among the participants, 103 (29.2 %) were classified as normal (BMI < 23 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), 117 (33.1 %) as overweight (23 kg/m<sup>2</sup> ≤ BMI < 25 kg/ m<sup>2</sup>), and 133 (37.7 %) as obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). ACE polymorphism (rs1799752) analysis was performed using the MGB TaqMan® SNP Genotyping assay with 3 types of primers and 2 types of probes. The distributions of the ACE genotypes and allele frequencies were analyzed among the three groups using the Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium, chi-square tests, and multiple regression analysis. [Results] The distribution of the ACE genotypes were as follows: normal [II: n=38 (36.9 %), ID: n=46 (36.8 %), DD: n=19 (18.4 %)], overweight [II: n=43 (36.8 %), ID: n=55 (47.0 %), DD: n=19 (16.2 %)], and obese [II: n=41 (30.8 %), ID: n=76 (57.0 %), DD: n=16 (12.0 %)]. Unexpectedly, the I allele, rather than the D allele, was common in the obese group. [Conclusion] ACE I/D polymorphism is not associated with BMI in Korean adults. Thus, it is unlikely to be a powerful candidate gene for obesity in Korean adults.