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Park, Dae Sung,Bae, In-Ho,Jeong, Myung Ho,Lim, Kyung Seob,Sim, Doo Sun,Hong, Young Joon,Lee, So-Youn,Jang, Eun Jae,Shim, Jae-Won,Park, Jun-Kyu,Lim, Han Chul,Kim, Han Byul Elsevier 2018 Materials Science and Engineering C Vol.91 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Inflammation and thrombosis are linked to the use of polymer-based drug-eluting stents (DES). The aim of this study was to develop a polymer-free everolimus (EVL)-eluting stent using nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>) and verify its efficacy by <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> assessment in a porcine coronary model. Various analytical approaches such as scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, electron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and contact angle measurement were employed for the characterization. As a part of biocompatibility assessment, platelet adhesion and smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation were examined. Bare metal stent (BMS), N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> stent, everolimus-eluting N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> (N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL) stent, and commercialized EVL-eluting stent (EES) were randomly placed in forty coronary arteries in twenty pigs. After four weeks of implantation, the stents were subjected to histological and quantitative analysis. The N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> film used in this study was well coated without any cracks or peeling. Surface hydrophilicity (88.8% of angle decrement) could be associated with the decrease in surface roughness post N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> deposition (37.0%). The platelet adhesion on the N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> surfaces was less than that on the BMS surface. The proliferation of SMC was suppressed in the N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL group (30.2%) but not in the BMS group. In the animal study, the percent area restenosis was significantly decreased in the N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL group compared to that in the BMS group. The results (BMS; 47.0 ± 11.00%, N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL; 31.7 ± 10.50%, and EES; 29.1 ± 11.21%, <I>n</I> = 10, <I>p</I> < 0.05) were almost at par with those of the commercialized EVL-eluting stent. The introduction of N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> deposition during fabrication of polymer-free DES may be an efficient accessorial process for preventing in-stent restenosis and thrombosis.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> surfaces can help to reduce the platelet adhesion. </LI> <LI> In porcine model, N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> everolimus decreased in-stent restenosis and fibrin deposition. </LI> </UL> </P>
崔生吉,孫泰鎭,柳顯紀,辛同寅,梁富弘,尹勝照,朴碩鉉 忠州大學校 1998 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.33 No.2
In order to understand the influence of colours on the urban design of a city, a portion of the central Chung-Ju was chosen as the study area, and three cases were researched as colours. These surveyed colours are analysed in their hue, value and chroma. It was necessary to determine the colours of 272 buildings exterior in all in order formulate the findings presented in this study. The result of this study can be briefly summerised as the following ; 1) The trends in the use of colour turn out like this ; 55.3% of the building were Y(yellow), YR(yellow-green), R(red) Family in Hue, abour 33.9% of them were within 8.0-8.9 and 26.6% were within 7.0-7.9 on the value scale, and about 48.5% of them were within 1.0-1.9, 2.0-2.9 and 3.0-3.9 on the chroma scale. 1) For case 1 on the exterior colours of buildings, about 57.8% were Y and YR family in Hue, about 53.7% were 8.0-8.9 and 7.0-7.9 in Value, and about 49.6% of them were within 1.0-3.9 in chroma. 2) For case 2 on the exterior colours of buildings, about 52.4% were Y and R family in Hue, about 65.1% were 7.0-8.9 in Value, and about 46% were 1.0-2.9 in Chroma. 3) For case 3 on the exterior colours of buildings, about 55.7% were Y and YR Family in Hue, about 72.1% were 7.0-8.9 in Value, and about 31.1% were 2.0-2.9 in Chroma. In summary, the colours of the building surveyed in central Chung-Ju can be characerized as Y, YR, R, N family in Hue, 7.0-7.9, 8.0-8.9 in Value registered in 1.0-1.9, 2.0-2.9, 3.0-3.9 in Chroma. The observed exterior colours show a tendency toward Yellow in Hue, High in Value and low in Chroma. Generally, the majority of the colours is light rather than strong in tone.
소아의 연령별 Propionibacterium acnes에 대한 균체응집항체 및 동종혈구응집항체간의 비교연구
정화영,정상인,최철순,양용태 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1984 中央醫大誌 Vol.9 No.3
In general, the concentration of maternal IgG globulin in serum of the neonates falls rapidly within the first few months after birth and the production of IgM globulin develops in the maturing infants during the course of exposure to various antigens in the environment. The development of natural antibodies, ie., isohemagglutinins, IgM class, to ABO blood group substances and agglutinins, Ig class, to normal flora, in the early stage of life is important since not only they may act as bactericidal substances in nonspecific manners, but also could be immunological barometers on the normal function of humoral immune system. The high concentration of isohemagglutinins to human A or B blood group antigens and agglutinating antibodies to some of normal flora such as Propionibacterium acnes or Staphylococcus aureus were observed in normal human sera. It has been known that the serum concentration of IgM globulin usually reached adult levels by one year of age, while that of IgG globulins by five to six years of age. However, the levels of isohemagglutinins to A and B group substances and agglutinating to Propionibacterium acnes in children's sera and the ages in which the concentrations of their antibodies reached to abult levels are not clarified. In this study, the concentrations of isohemagglutinins to A and B blood group antigens and agglutinating antibodies to P.acnes serotype Ⅰ and serotype Ⅱ in the sera of 163 normal children, ranged from 0 day to 15 years of age, were measured by means of microtitration technique. The results obtained are as follows: 1. In the sera of 163 children under 15 years of age, there observed no significant difference in the titers of agglutinating antibodies to P. acnes serotype Ⅰ andⅡ. 2. Of 75 sera of children under one year of age, the numbers of sera in which agglutinating antibodies were not detectable or less than 1:4 to P. acnes serotype Ⅰ were 67(89.6%) and to serotype Ⅱ 53(70.7%), respectively. 3. Agglutinating antibody to P. acnes serotype Ⅰ in the children's sera reached adult levels by 7 years of age, but 100 percentages of antibody detection was observed only in the age group of 15 years old, whereas the adult levels of isohemagglutinins to A and B blood group antigens were observed in the age group of 6 months old. 4. No correlation were observed in normal children's sera between agglutinating antibody titre to P. acnes serotype Ⅰ and isohemagglutinin titre. These results indicated that the isohemagglutinins to ABO blood substances appeared in the earlier stage of life than did agglutinating antibodies to P. acnes.
In-line 마그네트론 스퍼터 장치를 사용하여 산소 분위기에서 제작한 Ag 박막의 특성
구대영,김원목,조상무,황만수,이인규,정병기,이택성,이경석,조성훈,Ku, Dae-Young,Kim, Won-Mok,Cho, Sang-Moo,Hwang, Man-Soo,Lee, In-Kyu,Cheong, Byung-Ki,Lee, Taek-Sung,Lee, Kyeong-Seok,Cho, Sung-Hun 한국재료학회 2002 한국재료학회지 Vol.12 No.8
A study was made to examine the electrical, compositional, structural and morphological properties of Ag thin films deposited by DC magnetron sputtering in $O_2$ atmosphere with deposition temperature from room temperature to 15$0^{\circ}C$ using in-line sputter system. The Ag films deposited at temperature above $100^{\circ}C$ in oxygen atmosphere gave a similar specific resistivity to and even lower oxygen content than those deposited using pure Ar sputter gas The Ag films deposited with pure Ar gas was mainly composed of crystallites with [111] preferred orientation, while, for those deposited in oxygen atmosphere, more than 50% of the volume was composed of crystallites with [100] orientation. The difference in the micro structure did not cause any difference in the specific resistivity of Ag films. The results showed that the transparent conducting oxide films and the Ag films could be processed sequentially in the same deposition chamber with careful control of deposition temperature, which might result in a cost reduction for constructing the large scale in-line deposition system.
諸商律,李寅杰,김랑춘,李準琸,張南日,洪鍾旭 慶北大學校 1974 論文集 Vol.18 No.-
This study was made to get the cultural information for increasing yield with recently improved variety, investigating the effects of different transplanting date and seed size, the number of plant per hill on the growth, and the yield and yield components in rice. The results obtained were summaried as follows: 1. In larger seed, the percentage of germination was higher and the early growth was more vigorous. However, there appeared no effects of seed size in the later growing period. 2. When the young plants sown on April 26 were transplanted on 5th, 15th, 25th of June and 5th of July with 10-days interval, the heading date was promoted in earlier transplanted plots. The days to heading, however, was shortend. 3. In the case of the earlier transplanting in Tongil variety, the maximum number of tillers was increased, the percentage of effective tillers was decreased, and the rate of ripened grains was slightly higher. The yield was the highest in the transplanted plot of June 25. The next came the transplanted plots of 25th, 5th of June and 5th of July. In the early transplanted plot of Palkweong variety, heading was also promoted. The days required for heading were also proportionly shortend, the number of the effective tillers was smaller and the percentage of ripened grains also decreased. The productivity was the highest in transplanted plot of June 25. 4. When the number of plants per hill was increased, the heading date was promoted, the number of panicles was high and the number of grains per panicles was decreased. In the early transplanting of Tongil variety, the yields was the highest in 4-plants plot. When transplanted late, it was the highest in 6-plant plot. In Palkweong variety, there was general tendency of increasing of yield as the number of plants per hill increased. 5. The dwarf disease of Tongil variety and the stripe disease of Palkweong variety occurred much in case of the lesser number of plants per hill and the earlier transplanting.
宋寅喆,李駿商,林漢鐘 고려대학교 의과대학 1983 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.20 No.1
Korea, a total number of 19,758 stool specimens were collected from the inhabitants who lived in the basins of main 6 rivers, i.e. the Han River, the Gum River, the Nakdong River, the Mangyong River, the Yongsan River and the Seomjin River. The specimens were examined both by cellophane thick smear method and Stoll's egg counting technique during the period from March 1973 to October 1982. The distribution and infection rates were compared in those of river and non-river sides, and the epidemiological statrs was analysed statistically by the regression equations and catalytic curves with the results obtained from two endemic areas. The results are as follows: 1. High egg positive rates were revealed among the inhabitants in the areas of all above river basins, whereas low egg positive rates were obtained among the inhabitants in the areas apart from the riversides. However, in some areas which are not directly connected with the rivers, relatively high rates of Clonorchis infection were also observed. 2. The infection rates of Clonorchis sinensis by sex age were shown significantly different among the population in the most of these studied areas. The rates for males were significantly higher than that for females, and the rates were increased by the higher age groups up to 40 to 59 years old. However in the high endemic areas such as Kimhae the infection rates of both sexes were almost parallel and practically similar high rates revealed in all age groups for 20 to 60 years old. 3. The mean E.P.G. count of Clonorchis infection in the surveyed areas was found higher in the areas which shown as higher infection rates. The degree of the intensity of Clonorchis infection by E,P.G. counts was evenly distributed to heavy and very heavy infections as well light and moderate infections in the areas showed high infection rates. 4. The intensity of endemicity in all surveyed areas was compared with the regression equations calculated with the cumulative percentages of E.P.G. counts. 5. For the quantitative analysis of epidemiology of clonorchiasis in Kimhae and Pyongtrek areas, special type of simple catalytic model was applied to the age prevalence rates revealed through stool examination for Clonorchis eggs and intradermal test for the detection of positive reactors. 6. It was suggested that the two-stage catalytic was well fitted to the prevalince rates by sex and age in the egg positive cases in Kimhae and Pyongtaek areas, and the calculation lead to the equation y=1.042(e-^(0.003t)-e^(-0.074t), a=0.074〉b=0.003 in Kimhae area, and y=1.412(e^(-0.024t)-e^(-0.041t), a=0.024〈b=0.041 in Pyongtaed area. 7. In the high endemic area such as Kimhae, the tendency of familial aggregation was not recognized by statistical analysis. In this area, the mean E.P.C. obtained from same persons in 1973 were compared and descussed statistically.
朴鱗基,白永守,鄭泰相 忠南大學校體育科學硏究所 1993 體育科學硏究誌 Vol.11 No.1
The purpose of this study was to introduce the risk of exercise to exersize testing or participation. The real and theoretical benefits of regular exercise have promoted this activity not only in healthy individuals. but also in cardiac patients. Exercise is assuming an increasingly important role in preventive medicine and cardiac rehabilitation. Apart from favorable effects on plasma lipids, there is often the experience of even greater psychological benefits, that is, improved in mood, reduced nxiety, and sense of well-being. A through medical evaluation is recommended before starting an exercise program for all individuals with known cardiovascular, pulmonary or metabolic disease. Individuals of any age considered at higher risk by the presence of diabetes, hypertension, family history of coronary disease, elevated cholesterol, or smoking may benefit from the screening exercise test before engaging in competitive or recreational sports. Sudden death in sport is a recently recongnized phenomenon for which little scientific information exists. Most previous investigation on sudden death in sport has concentrated on running, track and field sports. Death, directly related to sporting activities is rate. The total risk is low, but the relative risk is increased during vigorous exercise. Risk increases with age and with the intensity of exercise. The basis of clinical studies and our personal experience, most deaths during exercise in the adult population are probably preventable because they occur in individuals exercising under one or more of the following circumstances: no medical clearance, no supervison, the limits of the exercise prescription were exceed, the symptoms during exercise were disregarded. Orthopedic injuries appear to increase exponentially with jog-run types of activities in association with increased the total volume of work done in the program, such as, structural abnomalities, sudden large increases in training, running form, streching habits, warm-up, and cool-down may constitude risk factors. With high risk individuals, a physician should be present during exercise intensity, and energy equipment and qualified personnel should be avaiable for exercise testing of all patients in order to provide life saving emergency are, In addition to significant clinical signs and symptoms.
Kim, Sung-Soo,Cho, Young-Seok,Kim, Hyung-Keun,Shin, Ok-Ran,Chae, Hiun-Suk,Choi, Myung-Gyu,Chung, In-Sik The Korean Society of Gastroenterology 2010 대한소화기학회지 Vol.55 No.4
<P>Background/Aims: Ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorgamma (PPARgamma), a member of the ligand-activated nuclear receptor superfamily, exhibit anti-tumoral effects and are associated with de novo synthesis of proteins involved in regulating the cell cycle and cell survival/death. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an etiologic agent for gastric adenocarcinoma, and raises the cell turnover of gastric epithelium. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PPARgamma ligand rosiglitazone on the cell proliferation and the expressions of p27 and Skp2 protein in H. pylori infected gastric epithelial cells. Methods: We examined the expression of PPARgamma by Western blot in H. pylori infected AGS human gastric epithelial cells. The effect of rosiglitazone on the survival of H. pylori infected AGS cells was assessed by cell viability assay. After the treatment of rosiglitazone in H. pylori infected AGS cells, the expressions of p27 and Skp2 were assessed by Western blot. Results: The expression of PPARgamma protein was increased in H. pylori infected AGS cells. Cell growth was inhibited and decreased in dose- and time- dependent manner in H. pylori infected AGS cells treated with rosiglitazone. A decrease in Skp2 expression and a reciprocal increase in p27 expression were found in dose- and time-dependent manner in H. pylori infected AGS cells treated with rosiglitazone. Conclusions: Rosiglitazone inhibited the growth of H. pylori infected AGS cells. Rosiglitazone attenuated Skp2 expression, thereby promoting p27 accumulation in H. pylori infected human gastric epithelial cells. Further studies will be needed to find the effects of accumulation on cell turnover in H. pylori infection and the role in the H. pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis.</P>
鄭祥立,金仁珠 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1982 慶北醫大誌 Vol.23 No.2
癩病 및 癩反應治療自的으로 clofazimine을 服用한 患者를 對象으로 皮膚色의 變化, 魚鱗癬樣皮膚의 發生 및 組織學的 變化를 관찰한 結果를 다음과 같이 要約한다. 對象患者는 總 102名으로 病歷期間은 10年 以上이 73例(71.6%)로 가장 많았으며 年齡은 40∼49歲가 30例(29.4%)로 가장 많았다. Clofazimine의 服用期間은 1∼2年이 41例(40.2%)로 가장 많았고 服用量은 癩病治療 目的인 경우가 34例(33.3%), 癩反應治療인 경우가 68例(66.7%)로 後者가 2倍나 많았다. Clofazimine 服用後 皮膚色의 變化는 2週부터가 53例(52.0%)로 가장 많았고 色素沈着은 4週부터가 49例(48.0%)로 가장 많았으며 大量服用할수록 빨리 나타났다. 各種 染色에 依한 病理組織學的인 變化로는 眞皮內에 황갈색의 結晶體와 脂肪物質을 볼 수 있었고 基底部에 melanin 色素가 增加되어 있었다. 魚鱗癬樣皮膚는 90例에서 發生하였으며 服用後 2個月부터가 37例(41.1%)로 가장 많았고 12例에서는 전혀 發生하지 않았다. Clofazimine (Lamprene or B663) is a phenazine congener that is used in leprosy, especially sulphone resistance and lepra reaction. Patients treated with the drug may develop red discoloration and dark brown pigmentation of the skin and ichthyosis. The author observed one hundred and two leprosy patients who had developed discoloration, pigmentation and ichthyotic skin after initiating clofazimine therapy, as well as the histopathological findings of those changes. The results are summarized as follows: The duration of the leprosy was mostly more than 10 years (71.6%). Males (75.5%) predominated over females (24.5%) by 3 times, and the highest incidence occurred in the age group between 40 and 49 years (29.4%). For 40.2% of the patients, the duration of the clofazimine treatment was between 1 and 2 years. The number of patients receving a higher dosage, 100-300㎎ per day, for control of a lepra reaction was two times more than those receiving a lower dosage, 300-400㎎ per week, for the general treatment of leprosy. Reddish discoloration was most frequently observed 2 weeks after beginning treatment in 53 patients (52.0%), and 12 of 14 patients who showed discoloration earlier(a week after treatment) were in the higher dosage group. Dark brown pigmentation was most frequently observed 4 weeks after beginning treatment in 49 patients (48.0%), and by the third month, 64 of 68 patients (94.1%) in the higher dosage group showed pigmentation compared to 25 of 34 patients (74.5%) in the lower dosage group. For histopathological evaluation of color-changed skin, various staining methods were used on unstained frozen sections, yellow brown crystals were scattered in the dermis of both discolored and pigmented skin, being more remarkable in the latter. With H & E stain, melanin pigments were markedly increased in the epidermal basal layer, and a faint yellow brown ghost was seen in the pigmented skin. With fat stains using oil-red-O and Sudan Ⅲ, reddish amorphous materials were scattered in and around the cytoplasm of the macrophages of the pigmented skin. Ichthyotic skin was observed in 90 patients, and most frequently 2 months after beginning treatment in 37 patients (41.1%), but it was never observed in 12 of all patients in spite of a continuous intake of the drug for more than a year, thus showing no significant difference between the different dosage groups.