나환자에 있어서 혈청내 면역복합체,백혈구 이동 억제인자 및 HLA-DR항원에 관한 연구

박주영,최인홍,김세종,유준,김주덕 大韓癩學會 1984 癩學 會誌 Vol.17 No.1

중학교 '기술ㆍ가정' 교과 교육내용의 통합적 접근에 관한 연구

전현주,윤인경 한국 가정과 교육 학회 1991 한국가정과교육학회지 Vol.3 No.-

This study was conducted to identify a problem of Industrial Arts. Home Economics subjects, and to improve its curriculum contents. In order to have accomplished the above objectives, the study was carried out through review of literatures and a kind of survey, Delphi technics. In first questionnaire, the opinions of the experts were gained about ideas and methods about organization of the curriculum contents of Industrial Arts.Home Economics subjects. In second questionnarie, based on the curriculum contents of Industrial Arts.Home Economics subjects draw from the above review of literatures, the opinions of the experts were investigated about review of literatures, the opinions of the experts were investigated about the selection of the contents of Home Economics, Industrial Arts, respectively. The selected data in first questionnarie was manipulated by the frequency and percent. The curriculum contents in second questionnarie was selected above the sum total 80 in Home Economics subjects and above the sum total 61 in Inductrial Arts subjects. The distinction of curriculum contents selected by the each domain were as follow. (1) The daily life as a consumer and the importance of home management were emphasized in the curriculum contents selected in the domains of consuming and management. (2) The vocational investigation, the course education, and the development of the young generation were emphasiezed in the curriculum contents selected in the domains of the fuamily living and human development. (3) The basic kowledge of nutrition and cooking and the cotents related to the food choice were emphasized in the curriculum contents selected in the nutrition and food. (4) The choice and care of clothing a proper personal appearance, and teh contents related to the machinery and tools were emphasized in the curriculum contents selected in the clothing and textiles. (5) The economical aspects of housing, the contents of the reasonable housing choics, and the contents for vital skills were emphasized in the housing and instruments.

익산시와 서울시 여고생의 식습관 및 영양 섭취 상태에 관한 연구

김인숙,이윤희,김희주 한국조리과학회 2005 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.21 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the dietary behaviors and nutrient intake of high school girls in Iksan and Seoul cities. The subjects consisted of 122 students in Iksan city, and 136 students in Seoul city. The proportion of subjects who eat meals irregularly was higher in Iksan (98.4%) than in Seoul (80.9%). The proportion of subjects who skip meals was also higher in Iksan (61.5%) than in Seoul (56.6%), and most of them (69.7%) skipped breakfast, even though they thought that it was the most important meal (86.4%). The subjects vended to overeat at lunch (41.9%) and dinner (55.4%). The main reasons that the subjects skipped a meal were a lack of time (50.7%) and poor appetites (23.7%).Most of the subjects (57.4%) had tried to control their body weight by taking drugs (40.5%), doing exercise (34.5%), and controlling their diet (25%). The average intake of nutrients and energy was significantly higher (P<0.05, P<0.01) in Iksan than in Seoul. The intake was below the RDA recommendations except for phosphorus in Iksan, but was above it except for calcium, iron, and vitamin B2,in Seoul. The indexes of nutritional quality (INQ) of calcium (0.5), iron (0.6), vitamin A (0.8), vitamin B2 (0.7), niacin (0.9), and vitamin C (0.9) were under 1.0 but those of protein (1.0), phosphorus (1.2) and thiamin (1.0) were over 1,0. The INQ of the other nutrients, except protein and vitamin C,was significantly higher in Seoul than in Iksan.

도시지역 일부 고등학생들의 우울과 불안에 관한 조사 연구

곽은주,송인순,정용준,조영채 韓國保健敎育.健康增進學會 2003 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.20 No.2

This study has examined the degree of depression and anxiety among high school students in an urban area and then explored the factors influencing their depression and/or anxiety status. Self-administered questionnaires were offered to 2,381 students from ten high schools in Daejon Metropolitan City. The items for investigation included such factors as various characteristics of school and family life, daily life style, and the degree of depression and anxiety. Based on the study results, the following conclusions were made; 1. The distribution according to the depression degree has shown that 61.9% of students were normal, 32.9% of students had mild depression, 5.0% moderate depression, and 0.3% severe depression. As for anxiety, 40.2% of students were normal, while 19.1% were classified as having anxiety and 40.7% borderline anxiety. 2. As regards to the degree of depression and anxiety, it was greater in girls than boys, in 3rd graders than 1st and 2nd graders, and in the groups who have recieved lower grades in studies, who had poor relations with their friends and a low feeling of satisfaction with school life. In particular, concerning various characteristics of family life, the scores of depression and anxiety were higher in the groups whose financial conditions were poor, whose parents' interests were lower, whose degree of satisfaction with their family and school life was lower, than their counterparts. 3. According to their life styles higher scores of depression and anxiety were found in the groups whose sleeping time was inappropriate, whose breakfasts were skipped, who ate daily snacks, who didn't take regular exercises, and who had poor health habits, compared to their counterparts, respectively. 4. As for the correlation between the degree of depression and its associated variables, the higher scores of depression were in positive correlation with the groups who had lower grades in studies, poor relation with their friends, low feeling of satisfaction with school and home life, low parents' interest, poor subjective condition of health, breakfast skipping, lack of regular exercises, and lower indices of health habits. 5. As for anxiety, the higher scores of anxiety were in the positive correlation with the groups with poor relation with their friends, low feeling of satisfaction with school and family life, poor subjective condition of health, lack of regular exercises, and poor health habits. 6. The influential factors on the depression of students were selected such as subjective condition of health, sex, feeling of satisfaction with family and school life, grades in studies, relation with their friends, presence of regular exercises, degree of interest of parents, sleeping time, cigarette smoking and eating breakfast. 7. The influential factors on the anxiety state of students were selected such as subjective condition of health, feeling of satisfaction with family and school life, sex, sleeping time, regular exercises, cigarette smoking, snacking and relations with their friends. The present study results suggest that girls rather than boys, higher graders than lower ones are more vulnerable to anxiety and depression state, and besides, various characteristics of school and family life, and daily life style can be influential on students' emotional states. Therefore, better management of psychological status of students is thought to require a wide variety of measures to modify the influencing factors and to encourage social support.

응급 의료 센터내 사망 환자의 분석

유인술,김준식,진재우,이철주,민영기,조준필 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.2

We need the constitute of Emergency medical system that connect prehospital care of inhospital care effectively for optimal treatment of emergency patient. The analysis of actual condition of our emergency medical system, through study of mortality case in emergency medical center will be a aid to the constitute. The authors performed a review on the records of 60 cases who died in Ajou university Emergency medical center during management, since June 1994 to september 1995. Among the 60 patient, 72% were male and 28% were female. In nontrauma patient, 6th decade was many, in trauma patients, 3rd and 5th decade was many. Among the 60 patient, 33% were traumatic cases, 66% were nontraumatic cases. Among the traumatic patients, more than half of the cases were due to motor vehicle accidents. The most frequent time interval from onset of emergent situation to arreving at emergency center was more than 2 hours. The most common transfer method was by 119 ambulance. In most cases, prehospital treatments were not taken. In most cases, initial mental status was comatose, and systolic blood pressure was less than 60 mmHg. Most cardiovascular resuscitation was done in 30 min. to an hour. In cases as traffic accident of ischemic heart disease, where rapid transportation of the patient is critical for the patient's survival, however, in most cases it took more than two hours to bring such patients to hospital, and first aid treatment before arrival to hospital was rare. No prehospital treatment was done to nearly all patient. In many cases the patient was already in under coma or shock state. The inhospital care at emergency center was made relatively quickly and adequately. The mean duration of cardiopulmonary resustation was 30min to one hour. From this study, we could notice the poor quality of prehospital care in the region ,near Ajou university hospital, and we came to know that the improvement of quality of prehospital care was the most important factor to reduce the motality of emergency department patient. that is, in the treatment of emergency patients, weak points has been revealed in the pre-hospital treatment, the improvement of which is important factor for the survival of emergency patients.

임부(姙婦)의 산전위험요인평가연구(産前危險要因評價硏究): 일선(一線) 보건요원(保健要員)을 위한 산전관리용(産前管理用) 위험요인적용모형(危險要因適用模型) 개발(開發)

박인화 ( In-hwa Park ),주신일 ( Shyn Ii Joo ) 한국보건사회연구원 1985 保健社會硏究 Vol.5 No.1

1. Background and Purpose of Study The purpose of this study is to develop a risk factor assessment chart that is simple to use by health workers at grass-root level and predictive enough to screen and allocate limited resources to high-risk pregnancy. A risk scoring chart, currently in use by the government sector in the field of maternal and child health in Korea, is based on arbitrary criteria for selection and scoring of risk factors. Therefore this chart has considerable limitations in the statistical sense including the validity of scoring system. Against this backstop, development of a risk factor assessment chart that is valid on statistical consideration is critically indicated for manpower situation as unique in Korea where nurse-aids account for the predominant work-force engaged in the maternal and child health care service at the grass-root level in the public sector. 2. Design of Study Materials: The current study, which is the second phase one, relates to the 3,838 pregnant women reviewed and edited out of the original 4,012 women observed in the first phase of the study (Joo et al., 1982) and is intended to attempt further in-depth analysis of the information on pregnancy and labour of the population. Information on the medical charts of pregnant women who were consecutively delivered at the Busan II Shin Hospital during the first six months in 1981 are the main data source. Relevant information on these medical charts were collected in standardized questionaire that was developed by a Korea Institute for Population and Health research team. Analysis of Data: In principle, four main analyses were undertaken. First, the significance of association between maternal variables and a defined outcome variable which relates to unwanted pregnancy complications and labor/delivery outcomes, was assessed by means of the adjusted chi-square test. A list of variables that were shown statistically significant on chi-square test were selected as risk factors. Therefore, pregnancies with risk factors were categorized as high-risk pregnancy, and those without any were grouped as non-risk pregnancy which, however, were subject to further analysis of next stage. In short, all those non-risk pregnancies found without risk factors under· went analysis of each succeeding stage up 10 final one, fourth stage. Second, odds ratio as an approximation to the relative risk, was calculated to assess the potency of different risk factors associated with the defined outcome variable. Third, validity of each stage of screening scheme was tested. interms 01 sensitivity, specificity and predictability. Finally, a revised risk assessment chart to screen high-risk pregnancy was developed for the use of health workers at grass-root level. 3, Findings First stage of analysis: Six maternal variables including obstetric danger signals identified over chief complaints of the pregnant were examined in relation to the unwanted pregnancy complications and labour/delivery outcomes. The first stage analysis showed that there were significant associat ion between four danger signals of edema, blurred visionf headache, convulsion and bleeding, and the adverse outcome. Risk factors with the highest association are convulsion and edema that are highly correlated with hypertensive disorder 01 pregnancy. The prevalence of the pregnancy with single or more of the four risk factors is found to be 16.3 percent and corresponding odds ralio is 4.59, as shown in Table 8. Second stage of analysis: Non-risk pregnancies that were not exposed to anyone of the statistically Significant danger signals of the first stage of analysis were further divided into two groups, ie., primiparas and multiparas. Six independent variables including age for the group of primiparas and 15 variables for multiparas including the former six for the primiparas were examined in relation to the adverse outcomes. For primipara, age and height are found to be risk factors and for multipara, age, height and seven va riables related to previous obstet ric history are proved to be risk factors. Each prevalence of primiparas and multipa ras who are exposed to single or more of risk factors in each defined group are 4.5 percent and 50.0 percent respectively. Corresponding odds ratios for primipara and multipara thus exposed to risk factors are 4.41 and 3.45 respectively, as shown in Table 11. Third stage of analysis: Those non-risk pregnancies that were continuously left out over the process of first and second stage of analysis underwent further examination. Seven maternal variables that can be easily identified over simple clinical check-up were examined of their effect on the defined outcome variable. Statistically significant are two factors of blood pressure (140/90 mmHg or higher) and presence of pre-eclampsia/eclampsia. The prevalence of pregnancies with single or both of the two risk factors is 5.5 percent with corresponding odds ratio of 1.57, as shown in Table 13. It is comparatively weaker association in contrast with those found in the preceding stages of analysis. Fourth stage or analysis: Those non-risk pregnancies continuously left out over the three stages of analysis were further examined to find out what statistically significant risk factors were out of the 14 selected maternal variables during pregnancy of third trimester. These variables are divided into two groups. ie., one group of nine variables that are easily identifiable during clinical check-up and another group of five variables that would require examination of more skilled health personnel. Significant among the former group are found to be five risk factors including excessive weight gain and among the latter, three risk factors including abnormal size on abdominal examination. The prevalence of pregnancies with one or more of five risk factors in the former group accounts for 11.9 percent with corresponding odds ratio of 2.44, whereas the prevalence of pregnancies with single or more of the lauer`s three risk factors is 20.2 percent with corresponding odds ratio of 3.73. Thus, risk factors that would require expert examination seem to have higher degree of association, as shown in Table 15. Consequently the prevalance of pregnancies with single or more of the above eight risk factors combined. is 29.4 percent with corresponding odds ratio of 3. 19. 4. Conclusion and Recommendation Among the total of 48 maternal variables initially employed for analysis, 26 variables were selected as risk factors. Accordingly study pregnancies were screened at each stage of analysis, depending on the occurrence of the relevant risk factors. In this study, all those classified as high-risk pregnancy account for 41.5 percent-47.6 percent according to the type of screening scheme applied at fourth stage. The predictability of this screening scheme has, at all stages of screening, positive predictive power between 41.7 percent and 69.3 percent, and negative predictive power between 67.0 percent and 89.3 percent. Total correct classification which accounts for the percentage of true positive and negative cases combined among the cases observed, ranges from 67.3 percent to 73.8 percent, as shown in Table 19. High predictability is found of the fourth stage scheme with more complicated risk factors, and lower one, of the second stage scheme with risk factors of age, height, and previous obstetric histories. Positive predictive power of this screening scheme, by and large, is lower than negative predictive power. In conclusion, a risk factor assessment chart proposed in this study for the use of health workers at grass-root level is illustrated in Table 20. This revised scheme is modified out of study results in terms of statistical consideration between risk factors and the outcome variable, logical validation, and practical utility. In the future efforts, selection of risk factors and their cut-off points will be defined in view of balance between the seriousness of the false negative mistakes and the damage done to individuals by the needless use of resources on the false positives. This in turn raises a critical issue in the public health activities; how many and what kind of "mistakes" can be accomodated when resources are limited?

온라인 쇼핑을 활용하는 30대 여성의 패션상품 구매 및 착장의 특성

주미영(Mi Young Joo),김영인(Young In Kim) 한국복식학회 2014 服飾 Vol.64 No.8

The purpose of this study is to do an in-depth examination of Korean women in their 30’s on the characteristics of their online fashion shopping, clothes-wearing, and presentation. In-depth interview and quantitative analysis were conducted as study methods. Results of this in-depth analysis showed that the factor with the most significant influence in their lifestyle was “childbirth.” Childbirth was a major factor during fashion shopping and clothes-wearing. Also the results showed that the reason they used online shopping was for convenience, efficiency, rationality, pursuit of information, variety, and hedonism. In particular, women in their 30’s had a higher motivation for efficiency and rationality compared to those in their 20’s, and of those women, married working women showed the highest preference for fashion soho malls. Meanwhile, full-time homemakers, who pursued rationality, used open markets to search for fashion items based on price. Furthermore, the factors that women in their 30’s considered during online shopping were price, design, purpose or situation for wearing the clothing, respectively. Compared to the women in their 20’s, they emphasized recommendation, product properties, credibility, economy more than women in their 20’s. Factors such as marriage and childbirth were more influential than occupation. Meanwhile, the factors that women in their 30’s considered for wearing and presentation were time, place, and occasion(TPO), which all showed high importance in in-depth interview and quantitative analysis. Other factors were ‘suitable image to self’ and ‘covering up body figure.’

Clinical impact of admission hyperglycemia on in-hospital mortality in acute myocardial infarction patients

Kim, Eun Jung,Jeong, Myung Ho,Kim, Ju Han,Ahn, Tae Hoon,Seung, Ki Bae,Oh, Dong Joo,Kim, Hyo-Soo,Gwon, Hyeon Cheol,Seong, In Whan,Hwang, Kyung Kuk,Chae, Shung Chull,Kim, Kwon-Bae,Kim, Young Jo,Cha, Kwa Elsevier 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY Vol.236 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Acute hyperglycemia on admission is common in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients regardless of diabetic status, and is known as one of prognostic factors. However, the effect of hyperglycemia on non-diabetic patients is still on debate.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>A total of 12,625 AMI patients (64.0±12.6years, 26.1% female) who were enrolled in Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institute of Health between November 2011 and December 2015, were classified into 4367 diabetes (65.4±11.6years, 30.4% female) and 8228 non-diabetes (63.3±13years, 23.9% female). Patients were analyzed for in-hospital clinical outcome according to admission hyperglycemic status.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>In diabetic patients, independent predictors of in-hospital mortality were old age, high HbA<SUB>1</SUB>C, pre-Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow 0, left ventricle ejection fraction<40%, cardiogenic shock and ventricular tachycardia. In non-diabetic patients, independent predictors of in-hospital mortality were old age, high admission glucose (≥200mg/dL), pre TIMI flow 0, failed percutaneous coronary intervention, low left ventricle ejection fraction<40%, cardiogenic shock, stent thrombosis and decreased Hb≥5g/dL. In hospital mortality was significantly higher in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic patients (5.0% vs. 3.4%, <I>p</I> <0.001). However, non-diabetic patients with hyperglycemia have significantly higher mortality compared to diabetic patients (17.4% vs. 7.2%, <I>p</I> <0.001). Comorbidity including cardiogenic shock (<I>p</I> <0.001), cerebral hemorrhage (<I>p</I> =0.012), decreased Hb≥5g/dL (<I>p</I> =0.013), atrioventricular block (<I>p</I> <0.001) and ventricular tachycardia (<I>p</I> =0.007) was higher in non-diabetic with hyperglycemia than in diabetic patients.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>These findings underscore clinical significance of admission hyperglycemia on in-hospital mortality in non-diabetic AMI patients.</P>

생쥐 배아의 체외배양시 저농도 산소 환경이 배아 발달에 미치는 영향

유정현(Jong Hyun Woo),황경주(Kyung Joo Hwang),양현원(Hyun Won Yang),이치형(Chi Hyeong Lee),양정인(Jeong In Yang),권혁찬(Hyuck Chan Kwan),오기석(Kie Suk Oh) 대한산부인과학회 1998 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.41 No.12

N/A Objective: It is known that mouse embryos before implantation develop in a low oxygen environment of 3- 8% concentration and with antioxidant materials such as vitamins, antioxidant enzymes, ferrous binding proteins, and albumin in follicular and tubal fluids. However, the 20% oxygen culture condition with chemically defined media might be produce an abundance of ROS, and leads to developmental delay or developmental block in vitro. In this study, we attempt to elucidate the relationship between intracellular H2O2 production and embryo development in different oxygen culture conditions of mouse embryos. Methods: Prenuclear embryos from C57BL/CBA Fl hybrid and ICR mouse were cultured in incubators which provided 5% carbon dioxide, 20% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide, 5% oxygen. Measurement of H2O2 level in a embryo was performed with DCHFDA(2,7 -dichlorodihydroflourescein diacetate)and analyzed with Quanti-cell 700, and the number of blastomeres was counted with DAPI( 4, 6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole). Results: Oxygen concentration of the culture medias was significantly higher in the 20% oxygen environment compared to that of 5% oxygen environment. Culture of mice embryos in high oxygen condition leads to high HO concentrations at 2 cell stage and developmental delay or 2-cell block regardless of the strain. But in a 5% oxygen environment, which is similar to in-vivo conditions HO production was suppressed continuously through out culture and development of embryos was definitely improved. Conclusion: These results suggest that there is a difference in the production of ROS or protective mechanism according to the mouse strains and stage of development, and it is thought that in-vitro culture in 5% oxygen environment provides stable in vivo equilibrium but in a 20% oxygen environment there is production of ROS which overcome the protective mechanism which leads to cellular damage and embryo developmental delay.

Nuclear factor I-C가 치근발생 과정에서 Hertwig's 상피초 형성에 미치는 영향

신인철,박주철,정문진,오현주,박선화,이창섭,김흥중,Shin, In-Cheol,Park, Joo-Cheol,Jeong, Moon-Jin,Oh, Hyun-Ju,Park, Sun-Hwa,Lee, Chang-Seop,Kim, Heung-Joong 대한소아치과학회 2005 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.32 No.3

치아의 형성은 상피-간엽간의 상호작용을 통해 조절되어지는 복잡한 발생과정이다. 지금까지 치관의 발생에 관여하는 유전자 및 그들의 신호전달경로에 관한 연구는 다수 진행되어 왔지만 치근의 발생을 조절하는 기전에 대해서는 별로 알려진 것이 없다. 최근에 NFI-C knock out 생쥐에서 정상치관에 비정상적인 치근을 가지는 치아가 보고되었다. 본 연구의 목적은 NFI-C가 어떻게 치근의 형태와 상아모세포의 분화에 관여하는지를 규명하는 것이다. NFI-C knock out 생쥐의 치근 발생동안에 HERS의 역할을 연구하고자 cytokeratin 면역조직화학적방법과 치근상아질의 특성을 규명하기 위해 DSPP mRNA in-situ hybrydization법을 수행하였다. 1. NFI-C knock out 생쥐의 치근형성시 HERS의 역할 Wild type과 knock out type 모두에서 cytokeratin은 모든 HERS 세포들과 반응하였고, HERS와 법랑상피 사이의 양성반응세포들의 연속성은 치경부 부위에서 소실되었다. Knock out type에서 치근상아질이 침착된 후, cytokeratin 양성-HERS 세포들은 치경부에서 불규칙한 배열과 극성의 상실을 보였다. 2. NFI-C knock out 생쥐의 치근상아질의 특성 DSPP mRNA의 발현은 wild type에서 치관과 치근상아질의 상아모세포 모두에서 강한 발현을 보인 반면, knock out type에서는 치관부위 상아질의 상아모세포에서만 강한 발현을 보였다. 3. NFI-C knock out 생쥐의 치근 발생과정에서 HERS는 치관으로부터 정상적인 확장을 보인 반면, 치근부위에서의 상아 모세포 분화는 실패하였다. 위의 결과들로 보아 NFI-C는 치근형성 과정에서 상아모세포 분화에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 사료된다. Tooth formation is a complex developmental process that is mediated through a series of reciprocal epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Several signal pathways and transcription factors have been implicated in regulating molar crown development, but relatively little is known about the regulation of root development. It was reported that NFI-C knockout mice showed abnormal root formation with normal crown. The aims of this study are to elucidate how the NFI-C regulate the determine of root shape and odontoblasts differentiation. We carried out immunohistochemistry using cytokeratin to investigate the role of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath and DSPP mRNA in-situ hybridization to conform the nature of root dentin during root development in NFI-C knockout mice. Cytokeratin reacted with all the HERS cells and the continuity of cytokeratin positive cells between the HERS cells and enamel epithelium was lost in the cervical region both wild and K/O types. After root dentin deposition cytokeratin positive-HERS cells showed irregularity and loss of polarity in the cervical region in K/O type. DSPP mRNA was strongly expressed in odontoblasts of crown and root dentin in wild type mice, whereas expression of DSPP mRNA was restricted in odontoblast of crown dentin in the K/O type. During root formation in NFI-C knockout mice, HERS normally grow out of the crown but fail to induce odontoblast differentiation in root portion. These results suggest that NFI-C may play important roles in odontoblast differentiation during root dentin formation.