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초등학교 고학년 학생의 사회적지위 유형과 학업성취도간의 관계
안이환,이창우,Ahn, Ie-Hwan,Lee, Chang-Wo 한국초등상담교육학회 2012 초등상담연구 Vol.11 No.1
본 연구는 사회성측정(sociometry)을 통한 사회적지위의 유형에 따라 초등학생의 학업성취도에서 차이가 나타나는지를 알아보는데 있었다. 이를 위하여 K시에 소재한 S초등학교 6학년 201명을 대상으로 성별의 분리를 적용하여 7가지(인기, 평범, 배척, 높은 공격성에 의한 배척, 높은 수동성에 의한 배척, 무시, 양면성아동)로 지위유형을 분류한 다음, 각각의 지위집단 유형이 보여주는 학업성취도를 종속변인으로 하여 사회적지위 유형과 학업성취도간의 관계를 알아보았다. 5가지 사회적지위 유형을 분류하기 위하여 안이환(2007)에 의해 개발된 한국형 사회성 측정의 전산프로그램이 사용되었으며, 나머지 2가지 하위유형 분류는 실험조건에 따라 분류되었다. 종속변인은 2011학년도 1학기 중간학력평가 교과군별 점수였다. 성별과 지위유형에 따라 인문군(국어와 사회)과 자연군(수학과 과학)의 평균치가 비교되었다. 이때의 준거집단은 평범아동 집단이었다. 본 연구의 결과, 남자아동의 경우, 인문군과 자연군에서 모두 무시된아동의 성적이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 양면성아동이 인문군과 자연군에서 모두 가장 낮은 성적을 보였다. 여자아동의 경우에는 인문군과 자연군에서 모두 인기, 무시, 양면성아동이 유사한 범위에서 가장 높은 성적을 보였으며, 배척아동이 인문군과 자연군에서 모두 가장 낮은 성적을 나타냈다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때, 학업성취도는 초등학생의 사회적지위 유형과 관련되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 관계지향적 학습형태를 지향하는 오늘날의 교육과정에 대한 흐름을 고려해 볼 때, 초등학생들의 학업성취도를 높이기 위한 사회적관계의 연구에 대한 필요성이 시사되었다. This study examined the differences of academic achievement by social status types through sociometry. This study analyzed 201 students in grade 6 in S elementary school. The social status is classified by 7 (popular, average, rejected, aggressive-rejected, submissive-rejected, neglected, controversial) with academic achievement of each type as dependent variables to figure out the relation between social status types and academic achievement. To classify 5 social status types, a sociometry program developed by Ahn, Ie-Hwan (2007) was used, 2 social status types was classified with experimental condition, and its dependent variable was the score by subjects in the mid-term exam of the 1st semester in 2011. The average values of humanities courses (Korean and social studies) and natural science courses (math and science) were compared by both sexes and 7 social status types. The reference group was average group. As a result, as to male students, N type had the highest score both in humanities courses and natural science courses while C type had the lowest score in both groups. As to female students, P, N, C types had the highest score in both groups with similar range while R type had the lowest score in both groups. This result demonstrates that the academic achievement of students had relatively high relevance with social status. and also, suggestion that how teachers can do to enhance the academic achievement of elementary school students.
안이환 부산대학교 학생생활연구소 2001 硏究報 Vol.33 No.1
금세기에 들면서 감정에 대한 연구가 증가하고 있다. 본고에서는 감정과 관련된 연구의 방향으로서 감정과 관련된 역사적 연구, 인간의 감정 분화 과정, 인지와 정서의 관계, 정서연구의 추세, 사회와 정서현상을 언급하였으며 또한, 삶의 목적으로 작용하는 감정을 요약하였다. 감정에 대한 다양한 연구를 통해서 밝혀진 사실은 감정에 대한 명확한 정의가 아니라 감정을 통해서 우리가 모르고 있었던 사실에 접촉할 수 있었다는 데 있었다. 이성으로 접근이 불가능한 현상에 접근함으로서 감정은 삶을 풍부하게 하는 중요한 정보의 전달과 기능을 가지고 있을 것으로 예측되었다. The purpose of this study was to understand feeling and suggest it's implication in counseling practice. For achieving this purpose, relevant literature was reviewed. Until recently research on emotion have not received much attention. Emotions are distinctly social process and emotional phenomena enter into almost every aspect of social life, arts in themselves. Nonetheless, many questions about emotions and feelings still remained unanswered. Emotions are communication and survival mechanisms based upon evolutionary adaptations. Also, emotions are complex chains of events with stabilizing negative feedback loops that attempt to produce scene levels of behavioral homeostasis. There is a small number of basic, primary, or prototype emotions, and all others are mixtures, compounds, or blends of the primary emotions. All fields of psychological method will benefit from a better understanding of the feelings. Research themes that have been conducted in relation to emotions include expression of emotion, cognitive correlates of emotion, semantics of emotion, emotion and language universal, birth stage of emotion in a babyhood, emotion of social phenomenon which are of help to understand feelings. In implication of clinical Factice, the nuclear of emotion correspond to current of client's problem. Therefore, emotion is one of the most important aspects therapists deal with in counseling practice. Angry feelings that clients reveal in counseling sessions usually more deep and intense than they actually expressed through irrational imagination by repetitive compulsion as Freud said. Inner part of the organism is nourished by suggestive function of emotion and the emotion that person has can be imagination. by imagination. In fact, newly organized feelings will not emerge into the surface if fell in the flood of distorted feeling. Clients make every effort to hold them than to dessert distorted and unusual feelings. For this reason, clients feel more comfortable in leaving distorted and unusual feelings in mind than treating them. To understand feelings, it must be understood what it means. Feeling is a reservatory of massive experience leading entire individual to behavior or reparation for behavior. The affective processes signify an assumed attitude of the whole person. Kafka(1950) also regards feeling as a passion of the subject, a being moved or affected by objects. Certainly, feelings have intentions on the object to satisfy meaning of life. This intention may be a feeling. In conclusion, feeling is transmitter of important information in one's life.
김이성,성원경,김화중 대한건축학회 2005 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.21 No.3
Various structural materials have been used in construction projects using stones, concretes, and steels materials. Among of these projects, concretes may use widely because concretes have high compressive strength, and comparatively easy maintenance and management. Reinforced concrete Buildings will be deteriorated as time passed. These problems will be accelerated by propagation of cracks. In order to manage such cracks, time, efforts and expense are required. In this study, leakages of fluorescence and adhesive material were investigated using glass sensors that were embedded in a model beam and column. In addition, currents in glass pipe sensor were observed to find leakage of liquid in glass pipes. Progressive cracks were generated by fracture of glass pipe sensor. In this investigation, a reinforcement clothing system was wrapped for a glass pipe sensor. The glass pipe sensor that can make control and reinforce cracks simultaneously.
김이성,윤요현,김화중 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1(구조계)
The purpose performance degradation of concrete structures is generally caused by deteriorations, such as surface collapse, pop-out, crack, and so on. It may result in serious defects of the concrete structures. Thus it is very important 세 detect and repair the defects of concrete structures within a proper time to assure the structural safety. However, the defects due to the deteriorations are usually difficult to find by visual inspection. A sensor is developed in this study, which may give early indication for degradation of concrete structures and show the location of the damage. Cracks can be defected by the liquid in a small glass capsules which are embedded in the concrete structures. This paper discusses the applicability of that was developed smart concrete.
안이환 釜山敎育大學校 學生生活硏究所 1999 學生指導硏究 Vol.19 No.-
The purpose of this paper was to critically review theoretical viewpoint of object-relations and it's current status and suggest therapeutic strategies based upon the theory. From the review of the literature on object-relations, the following therapeutic strategies were developed; 1. Therapists may function as a selfobject (a container or a new object or an object for identification) and as a provider of the holding environment. 2. It is important for therapists to understand aspects of negative transference that surface at the beginning of therapy and to interpret negative transference to secure a working relationship between patient and therapist. 3. Therapists allow themselves to be the substrate for newly emerging client's understanding. 4. Therapists make every effort to utilize countertransference in individual therapy because it provides crucial cues that patients have in relation to object relations. 5. It is very important for therapist and patient to work collaboratively on the task of examining the patient's inner world and to share the effect of collaborative work on current working relationships.
안이환 釜山敎育大學校 學生生活硏究所 1997 學生指導硏究 Vol.17 No.-
ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to extend the limit of psychotherapy by using dreams. To achive this goal. I examine the theories and the views of psychoanalysists on the analyses of dreams and compare and examine the views of other psychotherapist groups.Generally, dreams of early stages, and recurring dreams are important at the scenes. of psychotherapy. and the issues of presenting and instructing dreams to the client(inpatient). transference of dreams. resistance of dreams. dreams of therapists are presented. When these issues are examined at various aspects, Psychoanalysists are expected to apply the analyses of dreams to group therapy. family therapy. and Gestalt therapy.To conclude. dreams are the reflection of the unconscious world and the outcome of compromise formulation. When psychotherapy is faced with impasse. dreams should be regarded as the only alternative approach which can see the new world of the client from another point of view. The purpose of this study is to extend the limit of psychotherapy by using dreams. To achive this goal, I examine the theories and the views of psychoanalysists on the analyses of dreams and compare and examine the views of other psychotherapist groups Generally, dreams of early stages, and recurring dreams are important at the scenes of psychotherapy, and the issues of presenting and instructing dreams to the client(inpatient), transference of dreams, resistance of dreams, dreams of therapists are presented. When these issues are examined at various aspects, Psychoanalysists are expected to apply the analyses of dreams to group therapy. family therapy, and Gestalt therapy. To conclude, dreams are the reflection of the unconscious world and the outcome of compromise formulation. When psychotherapy is faced with impasse, dreams should be regarded as the only alternative approach which can see the new world of the client from another point of view.
안이환 부산대학교 학생생활연구소 2001 硏究報 Vol.33 No.1
상담의 조기종결로 인하여 내담자는 문제를 해결하지 못하여 고통을 받게 될 것이고 상담자는 전문성에 대한 심각한 위험을 느끼면서 사기를 잃게 될 것이다. 따라서 본고에서는 조기종결과 관련된 내담자 변인군, 상담자 변인군, 상담운영체계와 관련된 변인군을 언급하였다. 본 연구와 관련된 내담자는 환자, 대학생 집단이며, 상담자는 정신치료자 및 대학상담소의 상담자였다. 아울러 상담운영체계와 관련된 연구의 대상은 대학상담실과 지역정신보건센터였다. 문헌연구를 통하여 이러한 3가지 변인군을 확인함으로서 상담에 대한 시사점을 얻고자 하였다. The purpose of this study was to investigate characteristics of variables that relaxed to premature termination in counseling and to suggest therapeutic strategies to Fevent client dropout in counseling. Because no study related this topic in Korea was found, this study was conducted exclusively based upon foreign literatlue. Variables that related to premature termination in counseling identified in this study were largely divided into three categories: client variables, counselor variables, and administrative variables of counseling agency. Numerous client variables were identified because the opelational definition of premature terminatiorl varied depending upom researchers. In contrast to client variables, counselor variables that related to Femature termination were five types. Recent studios have reported that administrative variables of counseling agency were closely related to clients' premature termination. Considering characteristics of client, counselor, and administrative variables related to premature termination, brief therapy was suggested as useful strategies for decreasing high-Femature termination ratio and increasing counselor morale.
안이환 부산대학교 학생생활연구소 2000 硏究報 Vol.32 No.2
대상관계이론은 학자들의 견해에 따라 다양한 의미와 형태로 소개되고 있고 사용되고 있다. 학자들간의 논란에도 불구하고 본고에서는 대상관계라는 용어를 기본적인 프로이드의 욕동이론을 바탕으로 하여 각 학자들의 견해를 종합해 보고자 하였다. 그리고 이러한 대상관계이론을 상담 실제에 적용하고자 할때 나타날 수 있는 여러 가지 문제를 중심으로 상담 전략을 수립하기로 하였다. The purpose of this paper was to critically review theoretical viewpoint of object relations and it's current stain and suggest therapeutic strategies based upon the theory. From the review of the literature on object relations, the following therapeutic strategies were developed; 1.Therapists allow themselves to be the substrate for newly emerging client's understanding. 2.Therapists may function as a selfobject(a crnltainer or a new obiect or an otiect for identification) and as a provider of the holding environment. 3.It is important for therapists to understand aspects of negative transference that surface at the beginning of therapy and to interpret negative transference to secure a working relationship between patient and therapist. 4.It is not difficult for therapigts to find that countertransference experiences that are evoked by clients' transferences tend to cluster into two groups(contextual transference and focused transference). Therapists make every effort to utilize countertransference in individual therapy because it provides crucial cues that patients have in relation to object relations. 5.It is very important for therapist and patient to work collaboratively fnl the task of examining the patient's iimer world and to share the effect of collaborative work on current working relationships. 6.The most effective interpretation begins with the current reenactment in the transference and counteroansference and proceeds to the reconstruction of recessed internal object relationships.
김이성,윤종문,김화중 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2
The R.C building will be superannuated if time passes. This cause is generated by propagation of a crack. In order to notice such a crack, time and efforts, expense, etc, that have exhausted. Various technologies were developed to improve its properties related to strength and workability during construction. Performance degradation of concrete structures is generally caused by the deteriorations, such as surface collapse, pop-out, crack, and so on. The deterioration mechanism of concrete is very complex. Detection of the degradation and fracture inside of concrete is also very difficult. A method to detect or cure the concrete crack have been developed in this study. They are by using small glass-pipe sensors. Experimental study shows good performance for detecting crack(small glass-pipe sensors) inside of the concrete.