우상의 또 다른 얼굴, 이데올로기 : 이데올로기의 우상화와 우상적 기능에 대한 비판

윤형철 ( Yoon¸ Hyung Chul ) 개혁주의생명신학회 2020 생명과 말씀 Vol.28 No.3

나무와 돌로 만들어진 우상이 사라진 현대에서 우상은 이데올로기의 가면을 뒤집어쓴다. 본래 이데올로기는 마르크스주의와 구조주의 철학에서‘인간과 사회를 그릇된 방향으로 규정하고 제약하는 이념’을 가리키는 용어였다. 알튀세르는 사람이 특정한 세계에 참여하는 한 지배당하고 포섭될 수밖에 없는‘이데올로기적 국가기구’의 존재를 지적한 바 있다. 20세기에 사회적, 정치적 이론의 도구로 등장했던 이데올로기는 전통적 종교의 영향력이 약해진 틈을 타 종교가 담당했던 세계관의 기능을 탈취하였다. 유사종교화된 이데올로기는 그 아래 포섭된 사람들을 허구와 위선 속에 가두고 욕망과 추구의 대상, 즉 우상으로 등극하였다. 종교화된 이데올로기는 다음 세 가지 방식으로 우상의 힘을 발휘한다. 첫째, 이데올로기는 자기지시적, 자증적, 자기변호적, 자기확신적 신비화 과정을 통해 역사적이고 상대적인 것을 초역사적이고 초월적인 것으로 절대화한다. 물신화된 자본주의나 나치의 국가주의 우상은 이런 과정을 거쳐 태동했다. 둘째, 이데올로기는 그 안에 포섭된 사람에게 현실에 대한 허상을 심어 현실 인식을 왜곡시키고, 더 나아가 해석학적 왜곡을 합리화하게 만든다. 이데올로기에 의해 인식과 해석과 성향이 왜곡된 사람은 이데올로기의 의지와 자신의 의지를 동일화하여 이데올로기를 맹목적으로 추종하고 열성적으로 실행한다. 셋째, 이데올로기는 인간의 모방성향과 형상화 특성을 오용하여 인간의 기질과 습관과 행위를 그릇된 방향으로 형성한다. 현대의 사상가들이 밝혀냈듯이 인간은 자신 바깥의 중개를 통해서 모방하고 욕망하고 추구하면서 그것을 반영하고 닮아간다. 교회와 그리스도인은 복음의 메시지와 신앙고백이 이데올로기적 표명으로 변질하지 않기 위해 현대의 우상인 이데올로기를 분별하고 대항해야 한다. In modern times when idols made of wood and stone disappeared, another face of the idol appears as ideology. Ideology was a term used in Marxism and structuralist philosophy to refer to the idea of defining and constraining humans and society in the wrong direction. Althusser pointed out the inevitability of“ideological state organization”that would rule and subsidize a person as long as he/she may participate in a particular world. Ideology, which emerged as a tool of social and political theory in the twentieth century, seized the function of the worldview held by religion through the weakening of the influence of traditional religion. The quasi-religious ideology is the confinement of those subordinated in fiction and hypocrisy to the object of desire and pursuit. There are three ways in which religious ideology exerts the power of idols. First, ideology would absolutize the historical and relative into a historic and transcendental through the process of self-referential, self-authenticating and self-affirming mystification. Fetish capitalism or Nazi nationalist idols were born this way. Second, ideology distorts reality perception by injecting illusions about reality into those who are embedded in it, further justifying hermeneutic distortion. A person whose perception, interpretation, and disposition is distorted by ideology, identifies the will of his ideology and his will, blindly follows ideology and executes it enthusiastically. Third, ideology misuses human imitation tendencies and shaping traits to form human temperaments, habits, and actions in the wrong direction. As modern thinkers reveal, human beings imitate, desire and pursue something through mediation outside of them to reflect and resemble it. Churches and Christians who practice true godliness must discern and oppose ideology, the modern idol, in order that the gospel message and confession of faith will not turn into ideological manifestations.

헬리코박터 파일로리 감염에 대한 맞춤형 치료의 최근 경향

Hyungchul Park,Jeong Hoon Lee 대한상부위장관ㆍ헬리코박터학회 2021 Korean Journal of Helicobacter Upper Gastrointesti Vol.21 No.2

The efficacy of the standard triple eradication regimen for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is gradually decreasing due to increased antibiotic resistance of H. pylori, which is represented by clarithromycin resistance. This is an important issue for clinicians. Tailored therapies for H. pylori infection, including culture-based susceptibility testing and molecular methods detecting genetic mutations that increase resistance to antibiotics, have been introduced to overcome the high treatment failure rate of the standard triple regimen. The treatment results have been satisfactory. In addition to the H. pylori-related factors, the CYP2C19 gene polymorphism, in terms of host factors, affects the effectiveness of proton pump inhibitors. This article reviews the status of the tailored therapies for H. pylori infection along with the proven therapeutic effects and benefits of such treatments in Korea, where the resistance to antibiotics such as clarithromycin, metronidazole, and quinolone is prevalent.

A Economic Feasibility Analysis of Energy Saving Technology Application to Underground Subway Station

Hyungchul Kim,Seungkwon Shin,Hosung Jung,Jin-o Kim,Junmin Cha 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2015 International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting an Vol.7 No.2

In Korea, new total energy-saving solution has planned to build test-bed in underground subway station. Breaking energy is one of the most energy saving method in railway, but it has not be fully used up for economical purpose. This paper demonstrates on energy saving technology application including breaking energy and heating energy to underground subway station. It also offer solution of optimization of power energy flow. Moreover, economic feasibility analysis performed for undergound test bed constuction.

The Study of FACTS Impacts for Probabilistic Transient Stability

Hyungchul Kim,Sae-Hyuk Kwon 대한전기학회 2006 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.1 No.2

This paper proposes a probabilistic evaluation for the transient stability of electrical power systems incorporating FACTS devices. The uncertainties of the fault location and relay operation time play important keys in power system instability evaluation. The TCSC and SVC are employed for the reduction of system instability probability. This method is demonstrated by the WSCC test system and the results are compared with and without FACTS by means of Monte Carlo simulation.

Analysis of Social Network Service Data to Estimate Tourist Interests in Green Tour Activities

HyungChul Rah,Sungho Park,Miok Kim,Youngbeen Cho,Kwan-Hee Yoo 한국콘텐츠학회 2018 International Journal of Contents Vol.14 No.3

Social network service (SNS) data related to green tourism were used to estimate preferred tour sites and users’ interests. Keywords related with green tour activities were employed to search the SNS data. SNS data were collected from Korean blogs such as Naver and Daum from June 1st to August 31st between 2015 and 2017 using text-mining solution. During the study period, seven hundred and five posts were analyzed. Associated words that frequently co-occurred with keywords were classified into different categories depending on the nature of associated words. Associated words included swimming pools and camping sites (location); experience and swimming pools (attribute); and water play and culture (culture/leisure). Our data suggest that SNS users with experience of green tourism in Korea exhibited interest in green tourism with swimming pools, camping sites, experience, water play and/or culture rather than particular popular sites. Based on the findings, it is recommended that preferred facilities such as swimming pools should be provided at green tourism sites to meet the users’ needs and to facilitate green tourism.

Automated structural modal analysis method using long short-term memory network

Hyungchul Yoon,Jaehyung Park,Jongwon Jung,Seunghee Park 국제구조공학회 2023 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.31 No.1

Vibration-based structural health monitoring is used to ensure the safety of structures by installing sensors in structures. The peak picking method, one of the applications of vibration-based structural health monitoring, is a method that analyze the dynamic characteristics of a structure using the peaks of the frequency response function. However, the results may vary depending on the person predicting the peak point; further, the method does not predict the exact peak point in the presence of noise. To overcome the limitations of the existing peak picking methods, this study proposes a new method to automate the modal analysis process by utilizing long short-term memory, a type of recurrent neural network. The method proposed in this study uses the time series data of the frequency response function directly as the input of the LSTM network. In addition, the proposed method improved the accuracy by using the phase as well as amplitude information of the frequency response function. Simulation experiments and lab-scale model experiments are performed to verify the performance of the LSTM network developed in this study. The result reported a modal assurance criterion of 0.8107, and it is expected that the dynamic characteristics of a civil structure can be predicted with high accuracy using data without experts.

Sarcopenia is associated with severe erectile dysfunction in older adults: a population-based cohort study

Hyungchul Park,Il-Young Jang,Minkyu Han,Heayon Lee,정희원,Eunju Lee,Dae Hyun Kim 대한내과학회 2020 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.35 No.5

Background/Aims: Sarcopenia and erectile dysfunction (ED) are associated with poor health and quality of life in older men. We investigate the association between sarcopenia and severe ED in community-dwelling older men. Methods: We prospectively assessed sarcopenia and ED in 519, community-dwelling, older men (mean age, 74.0) in Pyeongchang, Korea, in 2016 to 2017. Sarcopenia was based on muscle mass, grip strength, and gait speed according to the Asian Working Group consensus algorithm. Severe ED was defined as 5-item International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire score under 8. Logistic regressions were used to study associations between incident severe ED and sarcopenia, after adjusting age, cardiovascular risk factors, depression, and polypharmacy. Results: The prevalence of severe ED was 52.4% and that of sarcopenia was 31.6%. At baseline, the prevalence of severe ED was higher in men with sarcopenia than in those without (73.2% vs. 42.8%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18 to 3.03; p = 0.008). Slow gait speed (aOR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.18 to 6.62; p = 0.019) and decreased muscle mass (aOR, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.11 to 5.81; p = 0.027) were associated with the incidence of severe ED, while decreased grip strength (aOR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.30 to 1.91; p = 0.564) was not. Conclusions: Sarcopenia was associated with severe ED. Slow gait speed, and decreased muscle mass was independently associated with incident severe ED at 1 year. Further research is warranted to examine whether an intervention targeting these components can prevent severe ED.

A New Concept of Power Flow Analysis

Hyungchul Kim,Nader Samann,Donggeun Shin,Byeonghun Ko,Gilsoo Jang,Junmin Cha 대한전기학회 2007 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.2 No.3

The solution of the power flow is one of the most important problems in electrical power systems. These traditional methods such as Gauss-Seidel method and Newton-Raphson (NR) method have had drawbacks up to now such as initial values, abnormal operating solutions and divergences in heavy loads. In order to overcome theses problems, the power flow solution incorporating genetic algorithm (GA) is introduced in this paper. General operator of genetic algorithm, arithmetic crossover, and non-uniform mutation operator of GA are suggested to solve the power flow problem. While abnormal solution cannot be obtained by a NR method, multiple power flow solution can be obtained by a GA method. With a heavy load, both normal solution and abnormal solution can be obtained by a proposed method. In this paper, a floating number representation instead of the binary number representation is introduced for accuracy. Simulation results have been compared with traditional methods.

고속 자기부상열차 급전시스템의 기술적 요구사항 분석

김형철(Hyungchul Kim),장동욱(Donguk Jang),정호성(Hosung Jung) 대한전기학회 2012 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.4

The Effects of Annealing Ambient on the Characteristics of La[sub 2]O[sub 3] Films Deposited by RPALD

Kim, Hyungchul,Woo, Sanghyun,Lee, Jaesang,Kim, Honggyu,Kim, Yongchan,Lee, Hyerin,Jeon, Hyeongtag The Electrochemical Society 2010 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.157 No.4