Enhancement of Monascus Pigment Production by the Culture of <i>Monascus</i> sp. J101 at Low Temperature

Ahn, J.,Jung, J.,Hyung, W.,Haam, S.,Shin, C. American Chemical Society 2006 Biotechnology progress Vol.22 No.1

반도체 공장의 제연설계

김운형,Michael J. Ferreira,안병국 한국화재소방학회 2000 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.14 No.4

반도체 공장의 제연설계를 위한 성능기준 설계를 분석하였다. 사례분석을 통하여 제연 설계 시스템의 성능평가 기준을 설정하고 최적의 배연 방법을 분석하기 위한 FDS 화재모델링을 수행하였다. 제연 설계 지침이나 관련 법규 또는 표준화된 기준이 부족한 한국과 미국의 현실에서 본 연구의 성능기준 설계 방법은 반도체공장의 제연 설계를 위한 현실적인 적용과 활용이 기대된다. A performance-based design of smoke management systems for semiconductor fabrication 77cilities is described in this paper The example of one such facility is discussed. Performance criteria for smoke control systems were established, effective smoke removal system features were identified, and optimal system exhaust capacity requirements were developed by applying engineering tools including Fire Dynamic Simulator model. Considering the fact that the absence of relevant design guide, codes or consensus standards for semiconductor smoke design in Korea and United States, this performance based approach can and should be applied to other fabrication facilities designs.

저탄소강의 플라즈마 육성층 특성 평가 (2) : 플라즈마 육성층의 조직 및 특성 비교 Microstructural Evaluation of PTA Coated Layers on the Hardness, Wear Resistance, and Corrosion for the Hardfacing of 16C and Stellite 6 Alloys

김형준,김용진 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1997 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.35 No.4

The microstructures of PTA (Plasma Transferred Arc) weld-overlayers were evaluated for those of open arc weldoverlayer and spray & fused coating. DSRW (Dry Sand Rubber Wheel) abrasive wear and potentiostatic corrosion tests in 3% NaCl solution were conducted. The Stellite 6 weld-overlayer by PTA method contains more eutectic and hence shows a little higher hardness than that by open arc method. The 16C weld-overlayer by PTA method contains coarser borides and carbides, but shows a little lower hardness than that by spray & fuse method. The borides and carbides in the spray & fused 16C coating are fine and more or less needle shape, and porosities are still present after fusing treatment. PTA weld-surfaced Stellite 6 overlayer shows twice more wear resistant than that of open arc method largely due to higher eutectic content. PTA weld-surfaced 16C overlayer also shows more wear resistant than that of spray & fuse method due to the size difference in borides and carbides. The results of potentiostatic corrosion tests indicate that both overlayers of PTA are superior to those of open arc and spray & fuse processes.

40Gbps급 (4X10) VCSEL Array 구동기

김형수,정성재,김두근,이희현,최영완 중앙대학교정보통신연구소 2001 정보통신연구소논문집 Vol.3 No.2

본 논문에서는 VCSEL(Vertical Cavity Surface Emiting Laser)을 채널당 1Gbps로 동작시키고, DC Bias 전류 변화폭과 RF Modulation 전류 변화폭의 조절이 가능한 구동 드라이버를 현대 0.35㎛ 2-Poly 4-Matel CMOS공정을 이용하여 설계했다. In this paper, we present a 40 Gb/s VCSEL driver (4 x 10 channels, 1 Gbps/ch) designed and fabricated in HYNIX 0.35㎛ 2-poly 4-matel CMOS technology. The CMOS driver designed for a free space optical interconnect system is consisted of two NMOS for driving a VCSEL and protection circuit rejecting influence of electro-static discharge (ESD) or unexpected input signal with several tens voltage amplitude. Two NMOS with CMOS channel length of 0.4㎛ and width of 100 ㎛ are used for adjusting dc bias current from 0 to 27 mA and ac modulation current from 0 to 13.8 mA. Protection circuit is made of two diodes. The purpose of the protection circuit is to permit the input modulation voltage range only from 5 to 5 V.

INDUCTIVE DIODES OF THIN RELAXATION SEMICONDUCTORS/Si

이형주 安東大學校 工業技術硏究所 1999 공업기술연구논문집 Vol.6 No.1

The relaxation semiconductor is defined as one in which the dielectric relaxation time(τd; resistivity times permittivity) is greater than lifetime(τ0). In the relaxation case, the usual condition of local electrical neutrality is no longer obeyed, and it is replaced by the condition of near-zero net local recombination in space-charge regions. Non-hydrogenated amorphous Silicon Carbide(SiC) and KrF excimer laser induced disordered Si were used for the relaxation semiconductors. Both semiconductors have high resistivity, wide energy gap, and numerous defects. A heterojunction diode, consisting of those semiconductors on p-type crystalline Silicon(c-Si), was fabricated. The diode shows inductive behavior and may be suitable for an inductor of Integrated Circuits.

Anomalous Hump Characteristics of Shallow Trench-Isolated Sub-1/4 ㎛ NMOS Due to Capped p-TEOS/SiN Induced Defect

이형주 安東大學校 工業技術硏究所 1998 공업기술연구논문집 Vol.5 No.1

In sub-1/4㎛ NMOSFET with STI(Shallow Trench Isolation), anomalous hump phenomenon of subthreshold region, due to capped p-TEOS/SiN interlayer induced defect, is reported. The hump effect was significantly observed as channel length is reduced, which is completely different from previous reports. Channel boron dopant redistribution due to the defect should be considered to improve hump characteristics besides consideration of STI corner shape and recess.

한·중 성인의 비만도에 따른 영양소 및 식품 섭취 비교

왕?j쯔(Wang, Shuangzi),김형숙(Kim, Hyung-Sook) 충북대학교 생활과학연구소 2021 생활과학연구논총 Vol.25 No.2

This study compares the nutrient and food intake of Korean and Chinese adults. We analyzed data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey, Working Group of Obesity in China, and Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The participants were 79,684 adults (17,431 Korean men; 22,133 Korean women; 21,497 Chinese men; and 18,623 Chinese women). The obesity rates of the Chinese men and women (38.8%, 28.4%) were higher than those of their Korean counterparts (37.2%, 26.9%). The Chinese participants also showed a higher intake of energy, fats, and carbohydrates. However, they had a lower intake of dietary fiber, calcium, and vitamin A. They had a higher intake of grains, meat, and milk products compared to the Korean group. However, they had a lower intake of vegetables. In both countries, obese adults had a higher nutrient density of fat, carbohydrates, and sodium compared to non-obese adults. In contrast, they had a lower nutrient density of dietary fiber, calcium, and vitamin A. In conclusion, there were significant differences in the nutrient and food intake of the Korean and Chinese participants. However, there were significant similarities in nutrient density between the obese participants across the two countries.

Electrical Transport Characterization of PEDOT:PSS/n-Si Schottky Diodes and Their Applications in Solar Cells

Khurelbaatar, Z.,Hyung, J.-H.,Kim, G.-S.,Park, N.-W.,Shim, K.-H.,Lee, S.-K. American Scientific Publishers 2014 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.14 No.6

We demonstrate locally contacted PEDOT:PSS Schottky diodes with excellent rectifying behavior, fabricated on n-type Si substrates using a spin-coating process and a reactive-ion etching process. Electrical transport characterizations of these Schottky diodes were investigated by both current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements. We found that these devices exhibit excellent modulation in the current with an on/off ratio of similar to 10(6). Schottky junction solar cells composed of PEDOT:PSS and n-Si structures were also examined. From the current density-voltage (J-V) measurement of a solar cell under illumination, the short circuit current (I-SC), open circuit voltage (V-OC), and conversion efficiency (eta) were similar to 19.7 mA/cm(2), similar to 578.5 mV, and similar to 6.5%, respectively. The simple and low-cost fabrication process of the PEDOT: PSS/n-Si Schottky junctions makes them a promising candidate for further high performance solar cell applications.

S. pneumoniae 호흡기감염 마우스에서 Rufloxacin의 항균력에 대한 조직학적 연구

구세광,이형식,김종대,최해윤,이재현 慶山大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2002 基礎科學 Vol.6 No.1

Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 6303을 이용한 국소 호흡기 감염 마우스 모델에서 Rufloxacin (RUFX)의 in vivo 항균력을 조직학적으로 평가하기 위하여 생균수와 폐의 조직·병리학적 변화를 관찰하였던 결과, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 생균수는 RUFX 투여군에서 Control 군에 비해 유의성 있게 감소되었으며, 2). Control 군에서는 현저한 폐내 염증세포의 침윤, 출혈 및 폐포 벽의 비후가 조직학적으로 관찰되었으나, 이러한 조직학적 소견들은 RUFX 투여군에서 Control 군에 비해 현저히 있게 감소되었고, 3). LSA (luminal surface of alveoli %)는 Control 군에서 Sham 군에 비해 현저히 감소된 반면, RUFX 투여군에서 Control 군에 비해 유의성 있게 증가되었다. 이상에서 RUFX의 Sterptococcus pneumoniae에 대한 항균력이 조직학적으로 관찰되었다. In order to evaluate the in vivo effect of rufloxacin (RUFX), the viable bacterial number and histopathological changes were monitored after experimental respiratory infection with Sterptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 6303. In RUFX, the viable bacterial numbers were significantly and dose-dependently decreased compared to that of Control group. In Control group, severe infiltration of inflammatory cells, hemorrhage and hypertrophy of alveolar linings were demonstrated at microscopical levels. However, these abnormal histopathological changes were significantly and dose-dependently decreased compared to that of Control group in RUFX group. And also in RUFX group, the LSA (luminal surface of alveoli %) were significantly and dose-dependently increased compared to that of Control group. According to these results, it is considered as the in vivo antibacterial activity of RUFX was histologically showed against Steptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 6303 infection of respiratory tract in this study.

S. pneumoniae 호흡기감염 마우스에서 Ciprofloxacin의 항균력에 대한 조직학적 연구

구세광,이형식,김종대,최해윤,이재현 慶山大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2002 基礎科學 Vol.6 No.1

Sterptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 6303을 이용한 국소 호흡기 감염 마우스 모델에서 Ciprofloxacin (CPFX)의 in vivo 항균력을 조직학적으로 평가하기 위하여 생균수와 폐의 조직·병리학적 변화를 관찰하였던 결과, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 생균수는 CPFX 투여군에서 Control 군에 비해 유의성 있게 감소되었으며, 2) Control 군에서는 현저한 폐내 염증세포의 침윤, 출혈 및 폐포 벽의 비후가 조직학적으로 관찰되었으나, 이러한 조직학적 소견들은 CPFX 투여군에서 Control 군에 비해 현저히 있게 감소되었고, 3) LSA (luminal surface of alveoli %)는 Control 군에서 Sham 군에 비해 현저히 감소된 반면, CPFX 투여군에서 Control 군에 비해 유의성 있게 증가되었다. 이상에서 본 실험의 결과, CPFX의 Sterptococcus pneumoniae에 대한 항균력이 조직학적으로 관찰되었다. In order to evaluate the in vivo effect of ciprofloxacin (CPFX), the viable bacterial number and histopathological changes were monitored after experimental respiratory infection with Sterptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 6303. In CPFX, the viable bacterial numbers were significantly and dose-dependently decreased compared to that of Control group. In Control group, severe infiltration of inflammatory cells, hemorrhage and hypertrophy of alveolar linings were demonstrated at microscopical levels. However, these abnormal histopathological changes were significantly and dose-dependently decreased compared to that of Control group in CPFX group. And also in CPFX group, the LSA (luminal surface of alveoli %) were significantly and dose-dependently increased compared to that of Control group. According to these results, it is considered as the in vivo antibacterial activity of CPFX was histologically showed against Sterptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 6303 infection of respiratory tract in this study.