예술대학의 공학과 예술의 융합교육에서 TRIZ 적용 사례 연구

권은경(Eun Kyeong Kwon),한지영(Ji Young Han),유승현(Seung Hyun Yoo) 한국디자인문화학회 2014 한국디자인문화학회지 Vol.20 No.4

창의력과 문제해결능력을 갖춘 인재양성에 대한 사회적 요구가 커지면서 체계적인 문제해결 방법론인트리즈에 대한 교육적 관심이 높아지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 대학수준의 공학과 예술의 융합교육분야에서 트리즈의 활용이 교육의 성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 검증해 보고자 한다. 또한 이와 같은 과정에서 예술대학 학생들이 트리즈를 적용하여 과제를 수행할 때 어려운 점이 무엇인지 분석해 보고자 한다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 트리즈 이론 전반과 신제품개발 과정에 대해 문헌연구를 수행하였고, 교수-학습안을 토대로 실제 수업에 적용하였다. 또한 학생들의 트리즈 교육 전후의 인지도 변화, 과제 수행을 통한 트리즈 교육의 효과 및 애로사항 분석 등을 위해 조사연구를 수행하였다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 경기도 소재 예술대학 2학년 학생들의 ‘제품인터페이스’ 전공 수업에서 트리즈를 적용하여 신제품개발 절차를 경험하도록 하고 이를 통해 제품개발의 개념 설계 단계까지 수행하였다. 실제수업을 끝까지 이수한 학생들은 18명으로 2인 1조로 과제를 수행하도록 하였다. 학생들은 문제선정, 문제분석, 문제해결을 위한 트리즈 도구 활용 및 최종안 도출 등 트리즈 방법론을 적용하여 과제를 수행하였다. 연구결과 학생들은 트리즈를 적용하여 문제를 체계적으로 해결하는 능력, 문제분석 및 심리적 관성의 배제, 문제해결에 대한 자신감 등을 얻는데 효과가 있었던 것으로 나타났지만, 비공과대학 학생들에게는 개념적으로 낯선 용어와 기술적 지식의 부족으로 수업을 따라가는데 어려움이 있었다. 이와 같은 연구결과로부터 트리즈를 몰랐던 예술대학 학생들도 트리즈의 학습을 통해 아이디어 창출및 해결안 도출 과정에서 유의미하게 전공 분야의 작품 활동에 적용할 수 있다는 가능성과 함께 한 학기라는 한정된 시간 내 학생들이 보다 쉽게 이해할 수 있는 전략 개발의 필요성을 확인할 수 있었다. Educational interests have been focused on the systematic innovation tools, such as TRIZ, as the social needs for students with creativity and ability of problem solving ever increased. The purpose of this study is to present a case study of applying TRIZ into convergence education of art and engineering on university level and evaluate the educational effects. Also difficulties for the students in implementing TRIZ into their projects are investigated. Literature review was performed on the theoretical aspects of TRIZ and the processes of NPD(New Product Development). Instruction plan was developed and used in the course of one semester. The change of recognition level, the effectiveness of TRIZ on teaching and difficulties through projects are investigated. Sophomore students in an art college in Kyeong-Gi province practiced TRIZ in the ‘Product Interface’ course and produced concept designs following the new product development procedures. Eighteen students finished projects making two students teams. Students used the main TRIZ tools for selection, analysis, and finding solution of problems. The results show that students have gained improvement in systematic solution of problems, analysis of problems, eliminating psychological inertia and confidence in finding solutions. But it was shown that some students with non-engineering background had certain difficulties in following course due to unfamiliar terms and lack of knowledge in technology itself. As conclusions from this study, the possibility of applying TRIZ into courses of art college useful in the processes of idea generation and finding solutions was confirmed. At the same time, need of good strategic curriculum development to make students understand and fluently use TRIZ in such a limited semester was identified.

영지버섯(Ganoderma Iucidum) 생장점으로부터 분리한 단백다당류의 면역활성

정경수,김상범,정수현 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1997 藥學論文集 Vol.13 No.-

Two protein-polysaccharide fractions. GLA and GLB, respectively, were prepared from the pileus of the fully grown carpophores and the tips of the growing carpophores of Ganoderma lucidum. At a dose of 100 ㎎/㎏/day ip. GLA and GLB inhibited the growth of sarcoma 180 solid tumor in ICR mice by 56.3% and 81.8%, respectively. In a flow cytometric (FCM) analysis. GLA and GLB enhanced the formation of lymphoblasts of BALB.c splenic leukocytes at a concentration of 100㎍/㎖, by 38.3% and 61.3%, respectively. When ip injected into ICR mice. GLB exerted anti-leukopernic effect against cyclopospamide (75 ㎎/㎏/day ip) in that the leukocyte counts of the peripheral blood of the normal and the cycloposphamide-treated mice, respectively, was (11.1±3.8)×10 exp(3) and (4.0±1.8)×10 exp(3), while the GLB-cyclophosphamide treated mice showed a leukocyte count of (10.8±5.1)×10 exp(3) cells/㎕. These results suggest that GLB is a promising candidate for an effective cancer immunotherapeutic agent.

불소화합물 국소도포된 법랑질 표면의 산부식 시간이 레진접합력이 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

이경태,한세현 大韓小兒齒科學會 1990 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the effect of etching time on bonding strength of composite resin after applying topical fluoride agents to the primary anterior teeth when the acidetching technique was used in pedodontic treatment. The shear bond strength of composite resin was tested with Instron and surface topography was examined with a Scanning Electron Microscope. The results were as follows: 1. Resin bond strength of experimental group A which was applied topical fluoride agents, etched for 30 seconds was very weak. 2. Resin bond strength of experimental group C which was applied topical fluoride agents, etched for 120 seconds was approach to that of control group. 3. After applying topical fluoride agents, the more the etching time was increased, the more adherent surface coating was removed. 4. The more the etching time was increased, the more the etching degree was.

품행장애 청소년을 위한 외래집단정신치료 치료요인

이후경,김선재,차정화,봉수연,안현주 대한신경정신의학회 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.2

연구목적: 집단정신치료는 또래집단을 중요시하는 품행장애 청소년의 치료로서 매우 효과적인 것으로 알려져 있으나 한국에서는 아직 활성화되지 못하고 있다. 이에 따라 저자들은 품행장애 청소년에게 효과적으로 적용될 수 있는 폐쇄형, 동질적인, 시간제한(10회), 외래집단정신치료를 주 1회 실시하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 ①품행장애 청소년을 대상으로 집단정신치료를 시행하여 효과성을 평가하고, ②치료요인을 조사하여, ③ 집단정신치료를 품행장애 청소년에게 효과적이면서 효율적으로 적용될 수 있는 치료방법으로 정착시키는 데 있다. 대상 및방법: 본 연구는 1998년 10월붜 12월까지, 1999년 4월부터 6월까지 두차례에 걸쳐 실시하였다. 대상군은 품행장애 범주에 해당하는 H고교 2학년 여학생 총 18명(4명 도중 탈락), 대조군은 같은 범주에 해당하는 H고교 2학년 여학생 중 치료에 참여하지 않은 총 18명(4명 도중 탈락)이었다. 평가도구로는 프로그램 실시 전후에 자기보고식 비행척도, 공격성척도, 충동성척도을 시행하였고, 매 회기가 끝난 직후 Yalom의 13가지 치료요인척도, 집단치료 만족도 설문지를 시행하였으며, 종결모임시 총평가 설문지를 시행하였다. 결과: 치료요인의 변화를 집단발단단계에 따라 전후반기로 나누어 비교하였을 때, 전반기(1∼5회)에 상위를 차지한 치료요인은 순서대로 실존적인자, 보편성, 카타르시스, 리더와의 동일시, 구성원과의 동일시이었으며, 후반기(6∼10회)에 상위를 차지한 치료요인은 카타르시스, 실존적인자, 리더와의 동일시, 구성원과의 동일시, 구성원의 조언이었다. 전반기에 비해 후반기에 상대적으로 카타르시스, 구성원의 조언이 상승하였고 보편성은 하락하였다. 이타주의와 일차가족집단의 교정적 반복발달은 전후반기 모두 최하위를 기록하였다. 집단치료 만족도 설문에서 전반기는 45.7%, 후반기에는 83.3%가 도움받는 것으로 나타났고, 총평가 설문에서 85.7%가 기회가 있다면 다음에도 참여하고 싶다고 보고하였다. 결론: 시간제한 외래집단정신치료가 품행장애 청소년 에게 적용할 때 매우 효과적이면서도 만족도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 청소년을 대상으로 외래집단정신치료를 시행하는 것은 구성상의 어려움, 동기부족, 기금부족 등, 여러 제반 문제가 있으나 확대 시행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다. Objectives: Group psychotherapy is known to be an dffective treatment program for adolescents who attach importance to peer relationship, but it is not activated in Korea. Therefore, researchers performed weekly the closed, homogeneous, time-limited(10 sessions), outpatient group psychotherapy for adolescents with conduct disorder. Objectives of this study were as follows ; first, we practiced the group psychotherapy for adolescents with conduct disorder and evaluated its effectiveness ; second, we examined the therapeutic factors which were used by participants ; third, we intended to settlee down the group psychotherapy for adolescents with CD as an effective and efficient treatment modality. Methods: This study was performed two times from October to December in 1998 and from April to June in 1999. It was sponsored by Youth Counselling Center in H city. The case group were composed of 15 female students who were second grade in H high school, and 4 students were dropped out. The control group were composed of 18 female students who were same grade in H high school and 3 students were dropped out. Before and after this program, self-report delinquency scale, aggression scale and impulsivity scale were asked to them. And just after each session, Yalom 13 therapeutic factors scale and satisfaction questionnaire for group psychotherapy were asked to them. And at last meeting, total assessment questionnaire was asked to them. Results: We compared the change of therapeutic factors between the former half sessions (1-5) and the later half session(6-10), and the results were as follows ; in the former half, the upper ranks of therapeutic factors were existential factor, universality, catharsis, identi- fication with leader, and identification with members in order. And in the later half, the upper ranks of therapeutic factors were catharsis, existential factor, identification with leader, identi - fication with members, and guidance of members in order. The rank of catharsis and guidance of members went upward and the rank of universality went downward when we compared the ranks in the former half to those in the later half. Altruism and family enactment were the lowest ranked in both half. The satisfaction questionnair for group psychotherapy showed to be helped by participants at the rate of 45.7% in former half, 83.3% in later half. The total assessment questionnaire showed the willingness of re-participation at the rate of 85.7% if future opportunity of group psychotherapy is given for them. Conclusions: The time-limited group psychotherapy for adolescents diagnosed by conduct disorder was very effectively practiced and the participants reported high level of the satisfaction. The outpatient group psychotherapy for adolescents would be expanded and practiced though there are several accompanied problems including the difficulty of structuring, the deficit of motivation, and financial problem.

결핵환자의 치료행위 이행과 건강통제위 성격, 자아존중감, 자가간호행위에 관한 연구

강경희,오현이 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1987 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.12 No.1

This research aims to provide some basic data through the study on the relationships between the Therapeutic Behavior Performance, the Characteristics of Health Locus of control, the Degree of Self-Esteem and Self-Care Behavior between the Therapeutic Behavior Performer Group and the Defaulter Group of the T.B. treatment for establishing the effective plan of nursing intervention in order to improve the level of treatment for the pulmonary T.B. patients who need long term treatment. The subjects of the survey were 191 pulmonary T.B. patients registered at the Buk-ku, Dong-ku, and Seo-ku public health centers of Kwang-Ju city, Data collection was done from Aug. Ist 1986 to Aug. 3Ist excluding the legal holidays. The instruments used for Ihs survey were the Wallston and Wallston's Multidimensional Health-Locus of Control Scales.Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scales, and Choi Young-Hee's Self-Care Behavior Scales of T.B. patients. The data were collected by using questionaire and analyzed by using S.P.S.S., using percentage, T-test, X²-test, and Pearson-Correlation Coefficient. The results of this study arc summarized as follows; 1. The first hypothesis; the relationship between Health Locus of Control and the Therapeutic Behavior Performance revealed differently; a. "The therapeutic behavior performer group would have higher Health Locus of Control-Internal than the defaulter group" was not supported. (t = 1.39, P > .05) b. 'The therapeutic behavior performer group would have higher Health Locus of Control-Powerful others than the defaulter group' was not supported. (t = 1.39, P > .05) c. 'The therapeutic behavior performer group would have lower Health Locus of Control-Chance than defaulter group' was not supported. (t = 1.34, P >.05) 2. The second hypothesis; 'The therapeutic behavior performer group would have higher Self-Esteem than the defaulter group' was not Supported. (t = 0.34, P > .05) 3. The third hypothesis, 'The therapeutic behavior performer group would have higher Self-Care Behavior than the defaulter group' was supported. (t = 1.30, P < .05)

2류체 및 초음파 분무열분해법에 의한 Al₂O₃ 분체합성

박정현,조경식 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1993 논문집 Vol.25 No.1

γ-Al₂O₃powders were prepared by spray pyrolyis method using a two-fluid nozzle or ultrasonic neubilizer from the ethanol or water/ethanol solution of Al(NO₃)₃·9H₂O. The spraying test of starting solution of a two-fluid nozzle showed that mean size and standard deviation of droplet were about 10 ㎛, and 5 respectively. For the case of ultrasonic neubilizer, those were 3∼4 ㎛ and 2∼2.5. As-prepared powders by a two-fluid nozzle spray pyrolysis, γ-Al₂O₃crystalline particles were synthesized at 1000℃, those were spherical with a lot of dimpled or ruptured surface and their mean size and standard deviation were 2.0∼2.3 ㎛ and 1.5. γ-Al₂O₃powders which were synthesized by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis at 900℃ were smooth spherical particle mainly, and their mean sizes and standard deviation were 0.5∼1.3 ㎛ and 0.4∼0.9. The droplets generated by ultrasonic neubilizer had small size and narrow size distribution, so those pyrolysized spherical powders were small in size and had narrow size distribution, too. The synthesized γ-Al₂O₃crystalline particles by spray pyrolysis using both droplet generation method were transformed into α-Al₂O₃ phase by calcination at 1100℃ for 1 hr.

분무열분해법에 의한 MgO 및 NiO첨가 Al₂o₃분체로 제조한 소결체에서의 Spinel확인

박정현,김한태,조경식 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1991 논문집 Vol.23 No.2

Powders prepared by spray pyrolysis method are expected to have the compositional homogeneity and homogeneous distribution of additives. Pure MgO doped and NiO doped Al₂O₃ powders were synthesized by spray pyrolysis method at 1000℃. Sintered specimens were prepared by firing at 1600, 1650 and 1700℃ for 2 hrs. with their calcined powders of 1100℃ for 1 hr. The microstructure of pure Al₂O₃ sintered specimen showed large grains and grain-boundary pores, and its ralative density was about 91% even thought it was fired at 1700℃, 2hrs. 0.25 wt% MgO or 0.3 wt% NiO doped Al₂O₃ prevented discontinuous grain growth and eliminated residual pores, and allowded the specimen to densify to near a theoretical density. More MgO or NiO doping into Al₂O₃ impeded the grain growth and included many pores. According to SAD (selected area diffraction) and EDS analysis of sintered Al₂O₃bodies doped with 0.25, 5.0 wt% MgO and 0.3, 0.5 wt% NiO, the second phase Mg-Al spinel particles and Ni-Al spinel particles were observed at grain boundary and inside Al₂O₃ grains.

칼슘제 수관살포가 참다래의 과실 품질과 저장에 미치는 영향

임경호,나양기,임동근,마경철,조윤섭,김월수,이상현,박용서 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2001 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.36 No.-

This study were carried out to improve Kiwifruit quality and storage life. Three kinds of calcium compound were sprayed and calcium content of fruits, weight loss during fruit storage and fruit quality were investigated. Calcium contents within leaves and fruit were lower in Clef-non treatment than that of control. The calcium content in fruit pericarp of Kalk-H and CaCl2 was 0.04 to 0.05% higher than that of control. Fruit weight and soluble solids content at harvest was a little higher but acidity and fruit hardness was lowered. Fruit weight loss of Kalk-H and CaCl2 treatment was 1.39 to 1.53% lower than that of control during storage. The soluble solids of ripen fruit was 1.0 to 1.3% higher in all treatment and 0.8% higher in Kalk-H treatment in 120 of after storage. Fruit hardness of control fruit was higher at harvest but that of CaCl2 treatmented fruit was 0.39㎏/φ 5㎜ higher in 120 days of storage.

감각처리와 관련된 섭식기능의 평가와 중재방법에 대한 고찰

강현진,김경미 대한감각통합치료학회 2010 대한감각통합치료학회지 Vol.8 No.1

섭식기술의 문제는 성장, 학습, 의사소통, 다른 아동과의 상호작용 등 삶의 모든 면에 영향을 줄 수 있다. 구강섭식은 입을 열고 음식/액체를 입속에 넣고 삼키는 것이다. 본 문헌연구의 목적은 아동의 섭식과 관련된 평가방법과 중재방법에 대해 알아보는 것이다. 섭식은 아동 초기 발달의 중요한 요소이며 일상생활 참여를 촉진한다. 아동이 음식을 먹을 때 받아들이는 방법에 차이가 있다. 그 이유로는 음식으로부터 제공되는 감각자극의 등록과 해석의 과정을 거쳐 섭식행동으로 나타나기 때문이다. 감각처리 문제로 인한 섭식의 문제는 촉각과민성, 구강거부, 촉각과소반응, 구강실행증으로 분류할 수 있다. 섭식문제의 평가 가운데 감각처리 과정에서 나타날 수 있는 문제들을 확인하고 중재계획을 세우기 위해서는 섭식과 관련된 신경학적 과정을 이해하고 섭식과 관련된 감각처리의 특성을 아는 것이 중요하다. 또한 감각처리와 관련되어 야기된 섭식문제의 중재방법을 고찰하는 것은 의의가 있으며, 이는 섭식에 관한 효율적인 접근을 통해 아동들에게 보다 나은 삶을 제공할 수 있으리라 기대된다. Problems in feeding habits could affect various aspects of children including growth, learning, communication, interaction with other children, etc. Oral consumption was defined as a participant opening his/her mouth, accepting food/liquid, and swallowing. A goal of the study is to find a method of evaluation and intervention of a child's feeding habits. Feeding is an important component in the early development of children and may have later consequences in the child's ability to participate successfully in their activities of daily life. Children show personal difference on the foods which they try first because stimuli from the foods are revealed as a mealtime behavior through sensory registration and processing. Feeding problems in sensory processing consist of tactile oversensitivity, oral refusal, tactile undersensitivity, and oral dyspraxia. In order to identify problems of sensory processing among feeding difficulties and plan intervention, the understanding of neurological processing and sensory processing characteristics related to feeding is necessary. Reviewing intervention for feeding problems related to sensory processing is required for an effective approach for feeding and providing better life for children.

대학생 학습과정 조사도구의 비교·분석 연구

신현석,변수연,박해경 한국교육방법학회 2012 교육방법연구 Vol.24 No.1

Higher education institutions in the 21st century are feeling more and more pressure to show and prove their due accountability toward the society. The fulfillment of their social responsibilities can be accomplished by teaching and research. The quality of teaching in higher education institutions have been approached from various perspectives and tried to be measured by different methods. Among others, students' evaluation and ratings have been viewed as useful tools to evaluate the quality of education and supporting services of the institutions. This study analyzed 5 aspects of the three major student's evaluation and engagement questionnaires: National Survey of Student Engagement, Course Experience Questionnaire, Australian Survey of Student Engagement. In comparative analysis, researchers concluded CEQ has several shortcomings to be an efficient and effective student engagement scale while it still has some merits such as offering a opportunity to every college graduate to evaluate their college teaching experience. NSSE and AUSSE, taking the sample study framework, are reviewed to be easier to be administrated and contain more plentiful information about various facets of college students' experience and its relationship with achievements in college. This findings are expected to offer useful implications to those who develop the Korean scale of student experience and engagement. 본 연구는 세계적으로 사용되고 있는 대학생 학습과정 조사도구들 중 NSSE, CEQ, AUSSE의 개발 배경과 변천 과정, 개발 목적, 주요 내용, 결과의 활용 다섯 가지 측면을 조사한 후 이를 비교․분석함으로써 우리나라 고등교육기관의 대학생 학습과정 조사도구 개발을 위한 정책적 시사점을 제안하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이들을 비교한 결과 다섯 가지 준거를 통한 비교․분석 결과 대학 강의 경험을 주요 내용으로 하는 전수조사 방식의 CEQ보다는 강의와 강의실 밖의 다양한 학습 기회에 대한 학생 참여도를 기준으로 대학생의 학습과정과 대학 교육의 질을 평가하는 표본조사 방식의 NSSE와 AUSSE가 우리의 고등교육 시스템에 더 적합할 뿐만 아니라 국제적 비교․분석도 가능한 조사도구로 평가되었다.