Bacillus sp. SK31에 의한 생물흡착제의 분리 및 생산

김형갑,서현효 진주산업대학교 환경문제연구소 1998 環境硏究論文集 Vol.1 No.-

A strain (designated SK31) which produces an excellent adsorption substance was isolated from soil samples and identified as Bacillus species. The major adsorption substance (biosorbent SK31) produced by Bacillus sp. SK31 was purified by ethanol precipitation and cetylpyridinium (CPC) precipitation. The adsorption charactics of zinc and lead ions on bioadsorbent SK31 were investigated. The equilibrium isotherms showed that bioadsorbent SK31 took up zinc and lead from aqueous solutions to the extent of about 52㎎/g and 112㎎/g, respectively. The culture conditions at the flask level of Bacillus sp. SK31 were investigated for the production of polysaccharide bioadsorbent, SK31. The optimum pH and temperature for sorbent production were 7.5 and 30℃, respectively. The important substrates for sorbent formation were glucose and ammonium nitrate. In the optimized medium, sorbent production was improved three folds in comparison with the basal medium. In the jar fermenter, the highest sorbent production was obtained at 60 h cultivation time and the amount of biosorbent SK31 at that time was 8.2g/1.

니코틴의 오존 處理 效果

金炯甲 진주산업대학교 1989 論文集 Vol.27 No.-

오존처리의 長點을 通하여 니코틴의 含量을 減少시켜 毒性을 줄이기 爲한 目的으로 오존을 니코틴에 處理하여 最適條件을 규명하였다. 最適反應溫度는 -10~10℃였으며 pH는 中性 또는 알카리성이었고, 분자편극화율이 높을수록, O_3/nicotine의 mole ratio가 1.88以上일때 니코틴의 감소율이 優秀하였다. 오존으로 처리한 후의 分解産物重 가장 含量이 많은것은 cotinine으로서 약 45%를 차지하였다. 한편 담배 각초에 대한 오존처리는 nicotin을 약 8% 減少시켰으며 10% ethanol 添加時에는 10%, IN NaOH를 添加하여 反應시켰을 때는 30%의 감소율을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과는 하급담배의 毒性과 자극취를 줄이는데 상당한 效果가 있다는 것을 알 수 있었으나 담배 중 epoxid 化合物과 煙氣中 이행량등의 問題가 繼續硏究되어야 할 것이다. This experiment was conducted to investigated the effect of ozonation on nicotine. In optimum reductive condition on ozonation on nicotine, the temperature was -10~10℃, pH was 7.0~9.3, the mole ratio of ozone to nicotine was 1.88 and reduction ration of nicotine on temperature on pH were 30.0~30.3, 31.7~35.3 repectively. In ozonation of low grade tobacco, optimum reuctive condition of pH was 7.5 and decrease ratio of nicotine content was 32% that was more effective than the condition of added organic solvent in tobacco leaves.

진주시에 유통중인 채소류의 중금속 함량에 관한 조사

김형갑,김명종 진주산업대학교 산업과학기술연구소 2007 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.14

The samples of 31 vegetable items, showing the high average intake per day in the 2001 National Health and Nutrition Report(Ministry of Health and Welfare), were selected from the 4 areas in Jinju - Jayu Market, Joong-ang Market, Chunjun Market, and E Mart. Among them, the heavy metal uptakes by the 8 items, i.e. Chinese cabbage, lettuce, leek, dropwort, radish, onion, and red pepper were analyzed, utilizing Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometer(ICP). The following are the results of Hg, Cd, Pb, As, Zn, Cu, Mn, Cr, Fe content analysis of the samples. 1. The minimum, maximum, and average level of the respective heavy metal content [mini.~maxi.(mean)]ppm(mg/kg) was as follows. Hg: ND~0.014(0.001), Cd: ND~0.024(0.003), Pb: ND~0.980(0.187), As: ND~0.322(0.097), Zn: 0.335~5.386(1.257), Cu: 0.276~1.598(0.675), Mn: 0.278~12.543(2.433), Cr: ND~0.629(0.053), Fe: ND~6.103(1.793) 2. Compared with the permissible limit, the average heavy metal content detected from each area showed that the level of Mn was somewhat higher than the limit while that of Pb was close to the limit. The levels of the rest of the heavy metals were lower than the limit. The detected amount of the heavy metals followed the order of Mn>Fe>Zn>Cu> As>Pb. 3. Even if this study was conducted in a limited area within a short period of time, each area did not show a noticeably different result, reflecting the fact that in terms of heavy metal concentration, there is no significant environmental difference between the general agricultural area and the organic agricultural area. The heavy metal concentrations of the vegetables circulated in Jinju were within the safe limit regulated by the WHO/FAO.

Vomitoxin의 면역분석방법에 관한 연구

김형갑 진주산업대학교 2000 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.7

Vomitoxin is a secondary metabolite by Fusarium spp. and it is of frequent occurrence in cereal grain and agricultural products. In order to investigate the effect of vomitoxin on the immunosystem, ELISA which is more safe and rapid than any other conventional methods was established. With this method, this study examined the occurrence of vomitoxin from farm product in the Young-Nam districts. The results were as follows. 1. Since the vomitoxin molecular does not contain the group for coupling reaction, it was first proposed to have the function of an antigen. As a result of conjugation of vomitoxin-HG-BSA derivatives, one molecular of BSA were conjugated with 8.06 molecular of vomitoxin. 2. The antibody used in this experiment showed the cross-reactivites to vomitoxin, nivalenol, 3-acetylvomitoxin, T-2 toxin and deacetoxyscirpenol with 100, 0, 23.7, 0 and 0%, respectively, and the minimum detection level by the ELISA method was at 0.05㎍ vomitoxin/well. 3. When analyzed by ELISA, the strain number 41 poduced 90㎍ vomitoxin/g medium, from the samples of six districts in Young-Nam, 13 from 60 samples showed vomitoxin level of 0.6-1.7㎍/g.

晋州市 南江水質의 變化와 그 影響

金炯甲,趙鏞雲 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 1989 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.2 No.-

1988年 6月부터 12月까지 7個月 동안에 걸쳐 晋州市內의 南江 5개 지점을 매월 4∼5 일씩 採水하여 水質을 分析한 結果는 다음과 같다. 調査期間中 南江의 位置別 水質平均値는 1. 下水가 流入되지 않는 上位쪽은 各各 DO 8.8ppm, BOD 2.6ppm, SS 22.1ppm, 蒸發殘溜物 57.4ppm, KM_nO_4 消費量 8.6ppm, 硬度 67.1ppm, Cl^- 10.8ppm이었다. 2. 下水가 流入되어 흐르는 下位쪽은 各各 DO 6.3ppm, BOD 3.8ppm, SS 23.6ppm, 蒸發殘溜物 102ppm, KM_nO_4消費量 12.1ppm, 硬度 73.0ppm, Cl^- 14.2ppm으로서 比較的 汚染이 적었다. 3. 강의 中間에 位置하며 下水가 放流되는 지점은 一部地域이지만 심한 汚染度를 나타냈다. During the seven months from June to December in 1988, Water quality analyzed at five site of the Nam river in Chinju city. Analytical water sampled for four or five days of every month. For investigated preiods, the averages of water quality of the Nam river were as followed. 1. The upstream in which sewage didn't flow into were DO 8.8ppm, BOD 2.6ppm, SS 22.1ppm, total residue 57.4ppm, total hardness 67.1ppm, consumption of KMnO_4 8.6ppm and Cl^- 10.8ppm. 2. The downstream were DO 6.3ppm, BOD 3.8ppm, SS 23.6ppm, total residue 102ppm, total hardness 73.0ppm, consumption of KMnO_4 12.1ppm and Cl 14.2ppm. These showed the low pollution relatively. 3. Though the middle sewage inflow site was a small part, it seemed to be very polluted.

고등학교의 환경과학교육이 환경의식과 태도에 미치는 영향

김형갑,서현호,조경환 진주산업대학교 2000 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.7

In order to investigate the effects of environmental scientific education on high school students' environmental knowledge, behavior, and practice, this study selected the test group of two schools that enforce environmental scientific education and the control group of two schools that do not enforce it. These are the results of the comparison between two groups. 1. The comparison of the average mark on the environmental knowledge, behavior, practice between two groups showed following results. In regard to the knowledge, the mark of the test group was higher than that of the control group. (p<0.001) and as for the behavior, the point of the test group was also higher than the control group(p<0.05). With respect to the practice, two groups made little difference. 2. The factor that had most greatest influence on the environmental knowledge was the students' school achievements(R2=15.0%), and in turn, the environmental instructions and the degree of consciousness on the necessity of environmental preservation were the important factors. In regard to the behavior, the degree of consciousness on the necessity of environmental preservation was the most important factor(22.1% of reliability), and in turn, the degree of concern on the environmental problems, the school achievements, and the proportions of parents' environmental preservation practice were important. The coefficient of reliability was 29.1%. As for the practice, the most far-reaching factor was the extent of the students' concern on the environmental problems(19.3% of reliability). and the proportions of parents' environmental preservation practice, the degree of the consciousness on the necessity of environmental preservation, the level of the economic conditions, the extent of parents' concern on the environmental problems were important in turn. The coefficient of reliability on the practice were 30.2%.

Maillard 反應에 關한 硏究 : Ⅳ. 脫脂乳의 Maillard 反應에 대한 糖의 影響 Ⅳ. Effects of the suger on the Maillard Browning of Skim milk

李乙熙,金炯甲 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 1992 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.5 No.-

脫脂乳와 糖의 혼합 용액을 열처리 하여 Maillard반응의 發色强度를 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 갈변화 현상의 강도는 5炭糖>5炭糖>2糖類順이였고, 5炭糖은 ribose, 6炭糖은 D-sorbose 및 2糖類는 D(+)-melibose에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 2. 糖의 농도가 증가될수록 갈변화현상은 높게 나타났다. 3. 반응액의 pH가 높아질수록 반응성은 증가되었다. 4. Skim milk-sugar 용액의 갈변화 현상은 85℃ 이상에서는 반응 온도 및 시간에 높은 의존성을 나타내었다. This experiments were carried out to study the characteristrics of the Mailard reaction in skim milk-sugar mixtures by heat treatment. The color intensities of melanoidins decreased in order of pentoses>hexoses>disaccharide and pentoses, hexoses and disaccharide showed the highest reaction D-xylose, D-sorbose and D(+) melibose, respectively As the pH values of reaction solutions and the percentage of sugars increased the color intensites of melanoidins increased. In skim milk-sugar mixture the color intensities of melanoidins showed dependence on reaction temperature and time, especially temperature at above 85℃.

음식물 쓰레기의 퇴비화에 관한 연구

전기일,김형갑,정병윤 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 1999 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.12 No.-

The purpose of this study were the food wastes composting, this study was carried out in the batch reactor with sawdust as bulking agent. The sample of food wastes for this study were collected fron the restaurant in our University. We obtained the results as follows : 1) During composting process, the highest temperature in the batch reactor was 55.8℃ after 5 days of experiment. 2) During composting process CO_2 and NH_3 were generated, after 6 days of experiment their concentrations were 20% and 640ppm respectively. 3) The volume of sample was reduced to one third in experimental period.

원유 분해균주의 분리 및 특성

서현효,김형갑 진주산업대학교 환경문제연구소 1998 環境硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.-

Bacterial strains which degrade crude oil were isolated by liquid culture from oil-spilled soil, and four isolates were selected among them. The strain H17-1 was finally selected after testing emulsifying activity and oil conversion rate. The strain H17-1 was identified as a Norcardia sp. based on the test for morphological, biochemical and physiological characteristics. It appears to be highly specialized for growth on crude oil in minimal salts medium since it showed preference for oil or degradation products as substrates for growth. It was found that it could grow on at least fifteen different hydrocarbons. The optimum cultural and environmental conditions were seeked. Cell growth and emulsification activity as a function of time were also determined. Crude oil degradation and the reduction of product peak was identified by the analysis of remnant oil by gas chromatography after 3 days of cultivation. Approximately 83% of oil were converted into a form no longer extractable by organic solvents.

참깨의 저온저장중 획분별 지방질의 지방산조성 변화

최상도,김형갑,이을희 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 1990 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.3 No.-

참깨를 5, 8, 12개월 저온저장 및 자연저장중 획분별 지방질의 지방산조성 변화를 검토하였다. 지방산조성 변화는 대부분의 획분별지질에서 함량이 가장 큰 리놀레산은 감소한 반면 그 외 지방산은 증가하였으나 스테릴에스테르의 리놀레산은 저온저장중에 약간 증가하였고 올레산은 자연저장 중에 약간 감소하였다. 한편 인지방질의 팔미트산은 감소하였으며 저온저장중에서 올레산은 거의 변화가 없었다. C_18/C16지방산비의 변화는 당지방질, 스테릴에스테르 및 트리글리세리드는 감소한 반면 디클리세리드, 유리지방산 및 인지방질은 증가하였다. 불포화지방산/포화지방산비의 변화는 당지방질, 트리글리세리드, 디글리세리드 및 인지방질은 감소한 반면 유리지방산은 증가하였고 스테릴에스테르는 저온저장중에는 증가하였으나 자연저장중에는 감소하였다. This study was performed to find the change of fatty acid composition during the low temperature storage of sesame seed. The sample seed was kept within the cotton bag(20X27Cm) and the bag was stored in the refrigerator of 5℃. Also, the storing period of sample seed is 5, 8 and 12 months after the harvest time of sesame. The sesame oil was extracted by acetone at the harvest time and each storing time of sample seed. The lipids in sesame oil were fractionated into glycolipid(GL), sterylester(SE), triglyceride(TG), diglyceride(DG), free fatty acid(FFA) and phospholipid(PL) by means of solution was mixed normal hexane with ethylalcohol and thin layer chromatography. Fatty acid composition of each fraction were anlyzed by gas liguid chromatograpy. The linoleic acid content of the GL, SE, TG, DG, FFA and PL was decreased, while the oleic, stearic and palmitic acid content of GL, SE, TG, DG and FFA was increased during the low temperature storage of sesame. But the palmitic acid content of PL was decreased. Also the stearic and oleic acid content of PL was slightly increased. The ratio of C_18 to C_16 fatty acids in GL, SE and TG was decreased, but that of DG, FFA and PL was increased during low temperature storage of sesame. The ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids in GL, TG, DG and PL was decreased, but that of SE and FFA was increased during low temperature storage of sesame.