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종교적 믿음과 종교적 경험의 관계에 대한 고찰 ― 분석종교철학에서의 논의를 중심으로
김효석 ( Kim¸ Hyoseok ) 한국조직신학회 2021 한국조직신학논총 Vol.64 No.-
개혁주의 인식론의 핵심 주장은 신에 대한 믿음이 정당하게 기본적이라는 것이다. 개혁주의 인식론의 기수인 앨빈 플랜팅가는 어떤 논증이나 증거 없이 신에 대한 믿음을 갖는 것이 전적으로 용인될 수 있으며 합리적이라고 주장한다. 그러나 플랜팅가에 따르면 이러한 주장이 신에 대한 믿음이 아무 근거나 이유가 없다는 뜻은 아니다. 왜냐하면 신에 대한 믿음은 그 믿음이 생겨난 경험적 상황에 근거를 두고, 그에 의해 정당화되기 때문이다. 본고는 종교적 믿음과 종교적 경험에 대한 플랜팅가, 윌리엄 올스톤, 필립 퀸, 스튜어트 괴츠, 웨인 프라우드푸트 등 분석철학 전통의 종교철학자들의 논의를 소개하고 검토함으로써 과연 종교적 경험이 종교적 믿음에 근거나 토대를 제공할 수 있는지에 대해 답하고자 한다. 이를 위해 우선 종교적 믿음은 종교적 경험에 근거하고 있으며 그에 의해 정당화될 수 있다는 플랜팅가와 올스턴의 논의를 살펴볼 것이다. 다음으로 퀸과 플랜팅가 사이의 논쟁을 통해 플랜팅가와 올스톤의 주장의 문제점을 살펴보고, 힉의 입장이 이 문제에 대한 해답이 될 수 있을지를 검토할 것이다. 마지막으로 종교적 경험의 해석적 성격에 대한 숙고를 통해, 종교적 믿음의 정당화를 위해 종교적 경험에 호소하려는 모든 시도들이 부적절함을 주장할 것이다. One of the central claims of “Reformed Epistemology” is that belief in God is properly basic. Alvin Plantinga, a leading scholar in Reformed Epistemology, argues that it is entirely acceptable and rational to accept belief in God without any argument or evidence whatever. However, according to Plantinga, it does not follow from this that religious beliefs are groundless or gratuitous, for they are grounded in and justified by the experiential situation in which they have arisen. This paper addresses whether religious experience can provide any ground or basis for religious belief, by introducing and examining arguments on religious belief and religious experience by such philosophers of religion in the analytic tradition as Plantinga, William Alston, Philip Quinn, John Hick, Stewart Goetz, and Wayne Proudfoot. To that end, I first introduce Plantinga’s and Alston’s arguments that religious beliefs are grounded in and justified by religious experience. Second, examining Quinn’s debate with Plantinga, I disclose a problem in Plantinga’s and Alston’s arguments. I then investigate Hick’s position on this issue, asking whether his position can be an answer to the problem. Finally, reflecting on the interpretive nature of religious experience, I argue that any appeal to religious experience as the justification for religious belief is of itself inadequate.
현장 시험을 통한 침하구조물의 복원공법(D-ROG공법) 적용성 검토
고효석 ( Koh¸ Hyo-seok ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2006 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.10 No.1
Conventionally, it used to be focused on simple prevention of further settlement of structures, where many of the problems were raised and sometimes the construction itself was not possible. Further, rough estimation of the ground which is unseen often incurred many problems in the maintenance. D-ROG method is high technology that changes almost all of the concepts on the conventional grouting which is expanding its application scope spanning from the restoration of settled structures to ground strengthening works necessary for building enlargement and remodeling. Thus, this paper is to check application of D-ROG Technology through field tests.
Comparison of three types of models for predicting insect voltinism under global warming
Hyoseok Lee,Jong-Kook Jung,Sang-Hyun Koh,Joon-Ho Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2016 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.04
Voltinism could be used as an index assessing the global warming effects on insect phenology. In many cases, however, the voltinism could not be defined explicitly as a numerical scale especially when it should be calculated over the various climatic conditions. In addition, calculation of insect voltinism is much difficult when only a small portion of its population emerge as adults in the late season. In this study, a degreeday model, a simplified phenology model and a population model for the peach fruit moth, Carposina sasakii, were used to predict their voltinism. To evaluate the model performance, we assumed a continuously host providing system. Daily maximum and minimum temperatures in Suwon in 2015, and 2℃ increase in the daily maximum and minimum temperatures were used to describe current and future climate conditions, respectively. The merits and limits for three models for evaluating insect voltinism are discussed.
Spin-orbit Effects on the Structure of Haloiodomethane Cations CH2XI+ (X=F, Cl, Br, and I)
Hyoseok Kim,Young Choon Park,이윤섭 대한화학회 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.3
The importance of including spin-orbit interactions for the correct description of structures and vibrational frequencies of haloiodomethanes is demonstrated by density functional theory calculations with spin-orbit relativistic effective core potentials (SO-DFT). The vibrational frequencies and the molecular geometries obtained by SO-DFT calculations do not match with the experimental results as well as for other cations without significant relativistic effects. In this sense, the present data can be considered as a guideline in the development of the relativistic quantum chemical methods. The influence of spin-orbit effects on the bending frequency of the cation could well be recognized by comparing the experimental and calculated results for CH2BrI and CH2ClI cations. Spin-orbit effects on the geometries and vibrational frequencies of CH2XI (X=F, Cl, Br, and I) neutral are negligible except that C-I bond lengths of haloiodomethane neutral is slightly increased by the inclusion of spin-orbit effects. The 2A' and 2A'' states were found in the cations of haloiodomethanes and mix due to the spin-orbit interactions and generate two 2E1/2 fine-structure states. The geometries of CH2XI+ (X=F and Cl) from SO-DFT calculations are roughly in the middle of two cation geometries from DFT calculations since two cation states of CH2XI (X=F and Cl) from DFT calculations are energetically close enough to mix two cation states. The geometries of CH2XI+ (X=Br and I) from SO-DFT calculations are close to that of the most stable cation from DFT calculations since two cation states of CH2XI (X=Br and I) from DFT calculations are energetically well separated near the fine-structure state minimum.
The Blind Power: Power-Driven CEO Overconfidence and M&A Decision Making
Hyoseok (David) Hwang,Hyun-Dong Kim,Taeyeon Kim 한국재무학회 2018 한국재무학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.05
The behavioral finance literature attributes failed M&As to CEO overconfidence. We investigate the source of CEO overconfidence that leads to failed M&As. Among various determinants of CEO overconfidence, we propose that power-led CEO overconfidence delivers undesirable consequences in corporate investments. Using CEO-level data, we find that CEO power increases the probability of a CEO being overconfident.We also show that power-driven overconfident CEOs tend to complete more deals regardless of circumstances, do stock acquisitions, and make value-destroying acquisitions, relative to nonoverconfident CEOs. The results suggest that previous studies on M&As by overconfident CEOs are mainly led by power-driven overconfident CEOs.
In vivo monitoring of chloroplast intracellular movement in intact leaves of C4 plants
HyoSeok Nam,Hae Koo Kim,Jeongeun Ryu,Sang Joon Lee,Ki Hean Kim 대한기계학회 2011 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2011 No.10
Chloroplast distribution and their relocation are essential to optimize photosynthetic capacity. In this study, two-photon microscopy (TPM) platform was adapted to monitor in vivo chloroplast intracellular movement in intact leaves of C4 plants by 3-dimensional (3D) imaging chlorophyll autofluorescence in response to blue light. A femto-second Ti:Sapphire laser was used to generated autofluorescence from leaves. In the sub-epidermal palisade mesophyll cells, relocation movement of individual chloroplasts could be tracked precisely during dark/light transitions. The importance of monitoring intracellular orientation and relocation movement of individual chloroplasts is discussed. Spatial information about surrounding tissues and intracellular location of organelles are still limited. This imaging method provides valuable 3D information to evaluate changes in photosynthetic ability depending on chloroplast distribution in intact leaves.