노숙인 생활시설 종사자의 감정노동이 소진과 이차외상스트레스에 미치는 영향: 슈퍼비전의 조절 효과

최철 ( Choi¸ Chul ),장수미 ( Jang¸ Soo Mi ),정지형 ( Jeong¸ Ji Hyeong ) 한국보건사회연구원 2020 保健社會硏究 Vol.40 No.4

노숙인 생활시설 종사자와 같은 휴먼 서비스직은 감정노동의 강도가 높으며, 감정노동은 종사자의 소진과 이차외상스트레스에 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 노숙인 생활시설 종사자의 감정노동이 소진, 이차외상스트레스에 미치는 영향과 보호 요인으로서 슈퍼비전의 조절 효과를 검증하는 것이다. 연구 대상자는 전국32개 노숙인 생활시설 종사자로서, 218명의 자기 보고식 설문조사 결과를 자료 분석에 사용하였다. 위계적 회귀분석을 통한 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 노숙인 생활시설 종사자의 감정노동은 소진과 이차외상스트레스에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤으며, 슈퍼비전의 조절 효과가 검증되었다. 즉, 슈퍼비전은 노숙인 생활시설 종사자의 감정노동이 소진과 이차외상스트레스에 미치는 영향을 완충하는 것을 알 수 있다. 주요 결과를 토대로 노숙인 생활시설에서 슈퍼비전 체계의 필요성 및 안정적인 운영을 위한 논의를 하였다. Human service workers working at homeless shelters have been known to experience a high level of emotional labor, which could have effect on the burnout and secondary traumatic stress (STS) of them. This study examined (1) emotional labor affecting on the burnout and STS, and (2) the moderating effect of supervision as a protective factor. We collected data from homeless shelter workers (n=218) at 32 agencies using a self-reported paper-pencil survey. Hierarchical regression analysis were conducted to verify the moderating effect of supervision, Major results were as follows. We found a significant effect of emotional labor on the burnout and STS (β=.484, p<.01, β=.544, p<.01) and a significant moderating effect of supervision (β=-.216, p<.01, β=-.103, p<.05). The results suggest that supervision is an important modifiable variable for burnout and STS especially in homeless shelter workers with high level of emotional labor. Based on the results, we discussed the necessity of supervision system and its successful management in homeless shelters.

Globus Hystericus 患者의 臨床的 特徵

朴哲秀,姜東佑,申瑩均,孫鎭旭,韓圭熙 서울醫大 1990 精神醫學 Vol.15 No.1

Computer Graphics에 의한 3성분계 Wilson, NRTL 및 UNIQUAC 방식을 이용한 VLE 추정방식의 비교

신형섭,박종철 慶熙大學校 1988 論文集 Vol.17 No.-

The purpose of this study is to estimate VLE by means of the Wilson, NRTL, UNIQUAC equations and to compare with these three methods for two ternary systems: ethanol-benzene-cyclohexane, cyclohexanone-cyclohexanol-phenol, by the computer graphic technology. The temperatures and compositions of two systems were estimated by means of three TPTT equations. Isothermal lines of these two ternary systems were graphically illustrated from these estimated values and the reported experimental values. As a result of the analysis of the parameters and computer graphics, these parameter pairs changing with respect to the temperature and composition of the solutions. From the result of plotting the parameter pairs, A_12, vs, A_21, a locus contour between two parameters is observed, therefore numerous number of roots to satisfy these TPTT equations are found. These phenomena is nearly identical with the previously reported results that there are some correlation between these parameter pairs.

TMA wire로 제작된 3종류의 MVLAW(Multi-Vertical Loop Arch Wire)의 초기응력분포에 관한 광탄성학적 연구

이형철,전윤식 대한치과교정학회 1995 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.25 No.1

교정치료시 치축의 개선을 위한 많은 연구와 노력이 이루어져 왔다. 본 교실에서는 치축개선을 위해 MEAW를 응용한 Multi-Vertical Loop Arch Wire(MVLAW : 엠빌로)를 수년 전부터 다수치아의 치축을 동시에 개선코자 사용해 왔다. MVLAW는 일종의 근심경사된 치아를 세우는 장치로써 open vertical loop를 3가지 종류로 변형시켜 적용시켜 왔으며 이를 각각 A, B, C형으로 명명하였다. 각 MVLAW는 .017˝×.025˝ TMAwire로 제작외면, A형 MVLAW의 경우 각 open vertical loop의 apex를 10도 정도 벌려주어 활성화시키며(electric welding stop을 각 loop의 근심측에 위치시킨다), B형과 C형 MVLAW의 경우 open vertical lop의 원심측에 10도의 tip back bend를 형성함으로써 활성화시킨다(B형의 경우 electric welding stop이 각 loop의 원심측에 형성되는 반면 C형의 경우 electric welding stop을 형성하지 않는다). 본 연구는 구치부의 치축을 동시에 개선코자할 때 MVLAW를 3가지 종류로 분류한 후 각 MVLAW의 효과를 알아보고자 상하악 1/2약을 광탄성 모형에 재현하여 그 응력분포를 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었기에 보고하는 바이다. 1. A형 MVLAW의 경우 3급 견인고무를 걸지 않았을 경우 하악 제1대구치와 제2대구치 치근의 원심면에서 강한 응력분포를 나타내나 전치부에 발생한 미약한 응력분포는 3급 견인고무의 장착으로 상쇄되었다. 따라서 A형 MVLAW는 초기에 치관의 직립효과가 있는 것으로 보인다. 2. B형 MVLAW의 경우 3급 견인고무를 걸지 않았을 경우 각 치아의 근심측에 응력분포를 보이며 견인고무를 걸었을 때와 비교시 전치부에 증가된 응력분포를 보였다. 따라서 B형의 경우 초기에 치근의 직립효과가 있는 것으로 보인다. 3. C형 MVLAW의 경우 3급 견인고무를 걸지 않았을 경우 하악전치부를 제외하고는 응력분포를 나타내지 않았으나 견인고무를 걸었을 경우 주로 견치와 소구치 근심면에서 응력분포를 보였다. 따라서 C형의 경우 견인고무 사용시 초기에 견치와 소구치에서 치근의 직립효과가 있는 것으로 보인다. Multi-Vertical Loop Arch Wire(MVLAW) is a kind of appliance for uprighting the mesially inclined posterior teeth axes simultaneously. In this study MVLAW was classified as 3 types by modifing the vertical loop design and named type A, B and C. Each MVLAW was fabricated from .017˝×.025˝ TMA wire and preactivated at the distal end of the open vertical loop with 10 degree tip-back bend(type B has an electric welding stop at the distal end of each loop ad type C has no electric welding stop). Type A MVLAW was preactivated at the apex of each open vertical loop with 10 degree tip-back bend(the electric welding stop of type A is positioned at the mesial side of each loop). The aim of the present study was to identify when and which MVLAW is more effective to correct the buccal segment axed simultaneously. The photoelastic overview of the upper and lower right quadrant showed that stress concentrations were observed in its photoelastic model. The obtained results were as follows : 1. Higher level compression can be seen clearly at the distal curvature of the lower 1st and 2nd molar when A type MVLAW was applied without short class Ⅲ elastic, but mild compression cannot be seen at the distal curvature of lower anterior teeth using the class Ⅲ elastic. 2. Higher concentration was presented at the mesial curvature from the lower 1st premolar to the 2nd molar than the anterior teeth when B type MVLAW without short class Ⅲ elastic was applied, but using the short class Ⅲ elastic, higher concentration of compression was presented in the anterior teeth area. 3. Areas of higher compression and tension were not observed at the mesial and distal curvature of the entire lower teeth except lower central lateral incisors in C type MVLAW without short class Ⅲ elastic, but using the short class Ⅲ elastic, higher concentration was seen at the mesial curvature of the lower 1st premolar and lower anterior teeth.

조계종승려의 노후보장에 관한 연구

김형근,양철호 한국사회복지정책학회 2002 사회복지정책 Vol.15 No.-

세속의 욕구와 인연을 버리고 진리를 얻기 위한 수행에 모든 것을 바치는 조계종 승려들의 개인적인 안락이나 삶의 질에 대해 언급하는 것은 수행자들에 대한 모독일 수 도 있다. 그러나 종단차원의 노후보장 방안이 전무하기 때문에 퍼지고 잇는 물신주의를 타파하고 수행집단으로 거듭나기 위해서는 타종교나 종단처럼 일정 정도의 예우규정과 노후보장 방안의 수립이 요구된다. 1999년 조계종 총무언에서 실시한 '노후대책에 관한 설문조사'를 분석한 결과 승려들에 대한 의료서비스를 책임질 수 있는 종단과 본사 주도의 의료시설 설립, 승가복지분담금제도의 시행, 노승려에 대한 예우규정의 제정 등이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 아울러 노인이면서 수행자인 노승려들의 특성을 고려하여 노후를 보낼 수 있는 거처의 마련, 생활비 및 품위 유지비의 지급 그리고 초발심 출가행자들의 지도를 통한 역할의 부여 등이 논의되었다. Holding a debate on daily life security or quality of life of monks who should be devoted to the practice of asceticism is meaningless. However, the monks tend to accumulate private property and build small, private temples for themselves due to the welfare of elderly monks is a neglected issue in the Chogye Order. In order to reform abuses the implementation of proper measures to improve the welfare of elderly monks are needed. According to "Primary survey for Monks' Welfare" conducted by The General Affairs Office of the Chogye Order in 1999, health care is the most needed service, followed by a welfare center for retired elderly monks. Here, they could practice asceticism and receive health care. As well the contribution of funds for the welfare of monks should be implemented and to establish a regulation of security for elderly monks.

鬱血症을 同伴한 파킨손氏病에 對한 電氣痙攣療法 治驗 1例

朴哲秀,姜東佑,申瑩均,孫鎭旭,韓圭熙 서울醫大 1990 精神醫學 Vol.15 No.1

과학 포트폴리오 체제의 적용이 초등학생의 사회심리학적 교실 환경에 미치는 효과

조선형,김찬종,김범기,김철영,김혜정 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 2001 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.11 No.1

The purpose of the research is to investigate the effects of a portfolio system on students' socio-psychological classroom environments in elementary science class. Two schools were selected from a metropolitan area, a city, and one school from a rural area in central Korea. Two fifth-grade classes were sampled from each school selected, and one class is assigned to experimental group and the other to control group, respectively. The total number of participants of the study is 399. Portfolio system was administered to experimental group, and conventional teaching to control group for two and half month. WIHIC, an inventory to measure socio-psychological classroom environment, was administered as a pre-and post-test. Experimental group gained statistically higher scores on WIHIC after administering portfolio system. They showed more positive perceptions on sub-areas of WIHIC such as teacher support, task orientation, and equity. There is interaction between region and group: the effects of the portfolio system is highest in rural area, lowest in metropolitan area, and the city in between. Portfolio system have positive effects on students' socio-psychological classroom environments. Enhanced socio-psychological classroom environments is expected to contribute to positive self-concept, higher science achievements, and self-directed learning.

메타올-암모니아 혼합용액의 광반응에 미치는 산소의 영향에 관한 연구

성아영,이형철,김희정 대불대학교 1999 論文集 Vol.5 No.1

The photochemical reaction of ammonia in aqueous methanol have been investigated by using 184.9 nm UV light at 25 ℃. During the photochemical reaction of methanol-ammonia mixture solution (mole fraction = 0.10 : 5×10-4), carbonyl compounds such as formaldehyde, ethyleneglycol and glyoxal, and amine compounds such as methoxyamine, 1,1-dimethlyhydrazine and dimethylamine were produced along with minor products such as ethlyenediamine and hydrazine. The presence of oxygen affected to the photochemical reactions. The reaction probability of hydrogen radicals with both methanol and ammonia decreased in the presence of oxygen because hydrogen radicals reacted with oxygen in the air atmosphere, resulting in the decrease of Initial quantum yield.

확률과정에 기초한 ERAM 이론의 재해석 및 검증

최재필,조형규,최현철,조영진 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.20 No.11

ERAM theory is an analytical tool for spatial configuration of architectural and urban spaces such as Space Syntax model. In this study, we tried (1) to reinterpret ERAM theory in terms of Markov process which is a kind of stochastic process and (2) to compare ERAM theory with Space Syntax model using pedestrian movement data. Besides, a new quantitative index ERAM and ERAM(r) for the spatial attribute is suggested. The results of the study include the followings. From the reinterpretation of ERAM theory, it can be said that ERAM theory is well compatible with stochastic process. From the comparison of integration and ERAM, it can be said that ERAM reflects the spatial configuration better than integration. Therefore, ERAM analysis can be used as a powerful tool for predicting accessibility of architectural and urban spaces.

염색 단판을 이용한 集成 染色 무늬목 開發

안삼근,강형철,안상열,이균필,변희섭 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2002 농업생명과학연구 Vol.36 No.4

본 연구는 집성 염색 무니목 개발을 위하여 사용 가능한 수종과 3종류의 염료를 사용하여 염색시간, 염색온도, 함수율 및 Flitch 제작에 대하여 연구한 결과는 다음과 같다. 실험에 사용한 4수종 중에서 선삭성이 불량한 은수원 사시나무를 제외한 3수종인 소나무와 이태리 포플러, 마티카가 사용 가능한 수종으로 밝혀졌다. Stain은 번지거나 얼룩이 지는 현상, Dylon은 침투 불균일로 부적당하였으나 Fine은 염색상태가 양호하였다. 염색시간은 5시간 이상 되어야 염색정도가 양호하였고, 염색온도는 90℃에서 가장 적당하였으며 생재와 기건재 및 포수재에 대한 영향은 큰 차이가 없었다. Flitch제작에 적당한 함수율은 9%이었다. This study was carried out to develop laminated dyeing wood, for which usable three sixties of trees and 3 kinds of dye stuffs were used to investigate dyeing time, dyeing temperature, moisture content and manufacture of flitch, the results were as follows: Out of four species of trees used in the experiment, it was found that three species, Pinus densiflora, Populus euramercana and Dyrea costulata were usable excluding Populus tomentiglandulosa whose cutting ability was bad. As to influence according to the kind of dye stuff, the Stain of low price could be used as a coloring agent but it was not proper as a dyeing agent due to spreading or staining phenomenon. As Dylon which was generally used to dye textile penetrated them uneven, dyeing only their surface, it was also found improper to be used. On the other hand, the dyed condition was good with Fine. The dyed condition was good when dyeing time was more than 5 hours and it was the most adequate when the temperature was at 90℃. There was no significant difference between their influence on green, dried and saturated wood.-In the manufacture of Flitch, the most appropriate moisture content was 9%.